Epidemic risks of measles and rubella in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Seroprevalence studies across various countries can contribute to achieving the elimination target for measles and rubella. However, in the Mainland of China, the concept of herd immunity remains unclear due to the lack of a nationwide serosurvey.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by retrieving literature reporting the seroprevalence of measles and rubella published between 2012 and 2023.

Current status of human adenovirus infection in China.

Background: Outbreaks of severe, acute hepatitis among children have recently attracted global attention. The pathogen causing the outbreak remains unknown, but there is growing evidence that it may be associated with human adenovirus (HAdV).

Data Sources: A review of adenovirus-related clinical studies, epidemiological studies, etiological studies, and case reports was conducted by reviewers independently.

Measles Virus IgG Avidity Assay for Use in Identification of Measles Vaccine Failures in Tianjin, China.

Objective: To identify measles vaccine failures in Tianjin, China using a measles virus IgG avidity assay.

Methods: The China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP) was used to collect information about measles cases and blood specimens in Tianjin from 2013 to 2015. Measlesspecific IgM and IgG antibodies were detected using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

[Analysis the viral etiology of fever and respiratory tract infection syndrome in Shaanxi province].

Objective: Analysis the viral pathogenic spectrum for patients with fever and respiratory tract infection syndrome in Shaanxi province during 2010 and investigate the molecular epidemiology characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus.

Methods: A total of 208 patients' pharyngeal swabs were collected based on surveillance definition from January 2010 to January 2011 and screened for sixteen human respiratory virus types/subtypes by Qiaxcel-based multiplex reverse transcription-PCR assay, including HRV,HCoV, Flu, HPIV, ADV, HRSV, HMPV and HBoV and investigate molecular epidemiology of HRSV by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the C-terminal second hypervariable region of the G gene.

Results: 109 out of 208 specimens (53%) were positive for one or more viruses.

[Transmission and prevalence patterns of C4a evolutionary lineage of human enterovirus 71 circulating in mainland China, 2008-2010].

Objective: To understand the evolutionary relationship between the C4a evolutionary lineage of human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) strains circulating in mainland of China during 2008-2010 and 2008 Fuyang strains and study the prevalence and transmission patterns of 2008 Fuyang strains.

Methods: Download all the complete VP1 ( > or = 891 bp) or approximate complete VP1 (> or = 876 bp) gene nucleotide sequences from GenBank of HEV71 strains circulating in Mainland of China during 2008-2010. And analyze the phylogenetic relationship between Fuyang strains and other provinces' strains using the MEGA software, version 5.

[Simultaneous detection of human parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3 by multiplex real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with LNA probes].

Objective: Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) types 1, 2 and 3 are major viral pathogens responsible for upper and lower respiratory tract infections. In this study, a real-time RT-PCR was developed using multiplex primers-probe (HPIV-1, 2, 3) for the simultaneous detection of both HPIV1, HPIV2 and HPIV3 genomes.

Methods: Optimal primers and probes were designed using specialized software.

The development of a GeXP-based multiplex reverse transcription-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of sixteen human respiratory virus types/subtypes.

Background: Existing standard non-molecular diagnostic methods such as viral culture and immunofluorescent (DFA) are time-consuming, labor intensive or limited sensitivity. Several multiplex molecular assays are costly. Therefore, there is a need for the development of a rapid and sensitive diagnosis of respiratory viral pathogens.

[A GeXP based multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of twelve human respiratory viruses].

A GeXP based multiplex RT-PCR assay was developed to simultaneously detect twelve different respiratory viruses types/subtypes including influenza A virus, influenza B virus, influenza A virus sH1N1, parainfluenza virus type 1, parainfluenza virus type 2, parainfluenza virus type 3, human rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus A, respiratory syncytial virus B and human bocavirus. Twelve sets of specific primers were designed based on the conserved sequences of available respiratory-virus sequence database. The specificity of the multiplex system was examined by positive specimens confirmed previously.

[The study of human rhinovirus in infants with lower respiratory tract infections].

Objective: We want to explore the harm degree of human rhinovirus in infants in Beijing area.

Methods: From May 2008 to September 2009, 240 nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from the children and infants who were hospitalized and with lower respiratory tract infections. These specimens were screened for HRV by real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and statistically analysised.

[Genetic characterization of measles virus caused the measles outbreak in Xinjiang].

Objective: To analyze the genetic characterizations of wild type measles viruses caused the measles outbreak in Xinjiang.

Methods: Vero/Slam cell were used for measles viruses isolation from the specimens collected from measles outbreaks patients. Fragment of 676 nucleotide acids of the carboxylend of nucleoprotein gene were amplified using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method and then the PCR products were directly sequenced and analyzed.

[Seroepidemical study of Coxsackievirus A 16, in four provinces, China, 2005].

Objective: To study the situation of 1- 5-years-old children's antibody against Coxsackievirus A group 16 strain (CVA16) in Guangdong, Heilongjiang,Yunnan Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, China, 2005, it can offer scientific evidences for preventing and controlling CVA16 causative hand-food and mouth disease.

Methods: Using microneutrilization test, to study 503 serum samples randomly selected from sera collected in 2005.

Results: Positive rate of anti-CVA16 antibody were 41.

[The genetic characterization of enteric cytopathic human orphanviruses type 13 isolated in Shandong province].

Objective: To analysis the genetic characteristics of Echo 13 isolated from stool specimens of AFP patient in Shandong.

Methods: The complete VP1 sequences of the 6 isolates were successfully amplified by RT-PCR and were compared with other Echovirus 13 isolates available from GenBank.

Results: 6 Shandong isolates were clearly identified as Echo 13 and were grouped into B cluster that agreed with neutralization result.

[Comparison and evaluation of enzyme-linked immunization assay kits with plague reduction neutralization test for detection of measles IgG antibody].

Objective: To evaluate and comparison of 2 commercial ELISA kits (Vrion/Serion kit and IBL kit) which ELISA kit will be used in sero-epidemiological survey in China in 2006 by Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT).

Methods: 52 serum panel which contain different levels of measles antibody were used.

Results: The results showed that the sensitivity, PPV and accurate of Virion/Serion kit achieved highest score when taking PRNT as "gold standard".

Human bocavirus in children suffering from acute lower respiratory tract infection in Beijing Children's Hospital.

Background: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus recently found to possibly cause respiratory tract disease in children and adults. This study investigated HBoV infection and its clinical characteristics in children younger than five years of age suffering from acute lower respiratory tract infection in Beijing Children's Hospital.

Methods: Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children suffering from acute lower respiratory tract infection during the winters of 2004 to 2006 (from November through the following February).

[A serological survey of Epstein-Barr virus infection in children in Beijing].

Objective: To understand the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in urban and rural areas of Beijing using the serological method.

Methods: Totally 589 serum samples were collected from children in Beijing urban and rural areas who were 0--14 years old and tested with Viron-Seron ELISA classic EBV virus capsid antigen IgG antibody (EBV VCA IgG) kit. Optical density of serum samples was obtained at the wavelength of 405 nanometers.

[Protective effects of gastrodin on the cellular model of Alzheimer's disease induced by Abeta25-35].

Objective: To assess the effects of gastrodin (GAS) on the induced neurons of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: The cellular model of AD was established with primary cultured cerebral cortical and hippocampal cells induced by Abeta325-35. The total saponin ginseng was taken as positive control.