Effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of memantine.

The effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of memantine (10 mg) was determined in Japanese subjects. Subjects were assigned to four groups based on baseline creatinine clearance (CL(CR)): normal renal function (> 80 mL/min, n = 6), and mild (50 to ≤ 80 mL/min, n = 6), moderate (30 to < 50 mL/min, n = 6), and severe renal impairment (5 to < 30 mL/min, n = 7). Mean memantine maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) was similar in the groups (12.

[Systemic autoimmune diseases].

Since Hench successfully treated a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with glucocorticoid (GC) in 1948, the clinical usefulness of GC in the management of systemic autoimmune diseases has been established. However, serious adverse reactions of GC are the severe clinical problems. In addition, some of clinical evidences of GC therapy for these diseases are still controversial due to the difficulties for conducting clinical trials.