Dementia and Emergency Department Use in Older Adults With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Administrative Claims Data Analysis of Medicare Beneficiaries.

Background/objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with increased dementia risk. Whether this association is present among older adults with SLE is unclear. Further, whether individuals with concomitant SLE and dementia are at increased risk of emergency department (ED) use has not been explored.

Patterns of Weight Change Trajectories and Treatment Response in an Integrated Adult Primary Care Weight Management Practice.

Introduction: Given the significant interindividual variable responses to interventions for obesity, the early identification of factors associated with a differential in weight loss would benefit real-world approaches in clinical practice.

Objective: This study evaluated the factors associated with individual variability in response to enrolling in a weight management program integrated into an academic-based primary care practice.

Methods: Data were retrospectively collected and analyzed for patients referred to a primary care-based weight management practice between 2012 and 2020.

Frailty in older adults with systemic lupus erythematosus and emergency department utilization: an administrative claims data analysis of Medicare beneficiaries.

Introduction / Objectives: While presence of concomitant SLE and frailty has been associated with greater emergency department (ED) use than SLE alone in young/mid-aged adults, whether frailty increases ED use in older adults with SLE remains unknown. In a nationally representative United States administrative claims dataset, we investigated the association of frailty duration with use of ED services in the SLE population compared with individuals without systemic rheumatic disease (SRD).

Method: We identified Medicare beneficiaries ≥ 65 years with SLE and matched them (1:4) by age and gender with non-SRD comparators with osteoarthritis.

Scholars in Health Equity: A Program of Structured Physician Faculty Development.

Background: Structured faculty development programs focused on integrating health equity into medical education curricula remain limited.

Aim: To describe an interdisciplinary faculty development program grounded in adult learning theory and to assess its impact on participants' professional growth.

Setting And Participants: Twenty-one faculty members across six academic-affiliated health systems.

Detecting Emotional Arousal and Aggressive Driving Using Neural Networks: A Pilot Study Involving Young Drivers in Duluth.

Driving is integral to many people's daily existence, but aggressive driving behavior increases the risk of road traffic collisions. Young drivers are more prone to aggressive driving and danger perception impairments. A driver's physiological state (e.

Ecology and life history predict avian nest success in the global tropics.

Nest predation rates critically influence avian biodiversity and evolution. In the north temperate zone, increased nest failure along edges of forest fragments is hypothesized to play a major role in the disappearance of bird species from disturbed landscapes. However, we lack comprehensive syntheses from tropical latitudes, where biodiversity is highest and increasingly threatened by habitat fragmentation and disturbance.

Text messaging to improve retention in hypertension care in Bangladesh.

Visit non-attendance is a common barrier to hypertension control in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile text messaging in improving visit attendance among patients with hypertension in primary healthcare facilities in Bangladesh. A randomized A/B testing study was conducted with two patient groups: (1) patients regularly attending visits (regular patients) and (2) patients overdue for their follow-up clinic visit (overdue patients).

Putting Traits Associated with Effective Medical Leadership into Action: Support for a Faculty Development Strategy.

Leadership development is essential to the well-being of medical organizations, but leadership concepts do not easily translate into skills or actions. The Mayo Leadership Behavior Index (Leader Index), a validated instrument describing eight leadership traits associated with constituent well-being, can serve as a guide. The authors analyzed narratives from a qualitative study of senior medical leaders describing successful leadership behaviors to see how the tenets of the Leader Index can be applied.

Asian koel rapidly locates host breeding in novel nest sites.

Avian brood parasites depend upon locating host nests to lay their eggs. However, how brood parasites locate host nests and select the nests for parasitism remains poorly studied. Here, we examined how a non-evicting brood parasite, the Asian koel () were able to locate host nests in locally novel nest sites.

Identification of temporal shifts of oral bacteria in bone regeneration following mandibular bone defect injury and therapeutic surgery in a porcine model.

Background: Considered the second largest and most diverse microbiome after the gut, the human oral ecosystem is complex with diverse and niche-specific microorganisms. Although evidence is growing for the importance of oral microbiome in supporting a healthy immune system and preventing local and systemic infections, the influence of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma and routine reconstructive surgical treatments on community structure and function of oral resident microbes remains unknown. CMF injuries affect a large number of people, needing extensive rehabilitation with lasting morbidity and loss of human productivity.

Delta-dependent Notch activation closes the early neuroblast temporal program to promote lineage progression and neurogenesis termination in .

Neuroblasts in divide asymmetrically, sequentially expressing a series of intrinsic factors to generate a diversity of neuron types. These intrinsic factors known as temporal factors dictate timing of neuroblast transitions in response to steroid hormone signaling and specify early versus late temporal fates in neuroblast neuron progeny. After completing their temporal programs, neuroblasts differentiate or die, finalizing both neuron number and type within each neuroblast lineage.

Face masks in action: Birds show reduced fear responses to people wearing face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic in three Asian countries.

The 2019 zoonotic pandemic (COVID-19), has led to a massive global lockdown that provides a good opportunity to study how wildlife responds to changes in human activity. Wearing a mask after the COVID-19 outbreak was widely used to prevent the spread of the causative pathogen. It has been shown that tree sparrows () at two sites in south China exhibit reduced fear responses to people with face masks after a period of heavy exposure to them, whereas European studies showed the opposite, with no changes in the behaviour of the birds towards mask wearers in either rural or urban areas.

Advancements in adsorption based carbon dioxide capture technologies- A comprehensive review.

The significant increase in energy consumption has facilitated a rapid increase in offensive greenhouse gas (GHG) and CO emissions. The consequences of such emissions are one of the most pivotal concerns of environmental scientists. To protect the environment, they are conducting the necessary research to protect the environment from the greenhouse effect.

Risk Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease With and Without Race Stratification.

Importance: Use of race-specific risk prediction in clinical medicine is being questioned. Yet, the most commonly used prediction tool for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD)-pooled cohort risk equations (PCEs)-uses race stratification.

Objective: To quantify the incremental value of race-specific PCEs and determine whether adding social determinants of health (SDOH) instead of race improves model performance.

Social Determinants of Health and Cardiologist Involvement in the Care of Adults Hospitalized for Heart Failure.

Importance: Involvement of a cardiologist in the care of adults during a hospitalization for heart failure (HF) is associated with reduced rates of in-hospital mortality and hospital readmission. However, not all patients see a cardiologist when they are hospitalized for HF.

Objective: To determine whether social determinants of health (SDOH) are associated with cardiologist involvement in the management of adults hospitalized for HF.

Comparison of two frailty definitions in women with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objectives: Frailty is a risk factor for adverse health in SLE. The Fried phenotype (FP) and the SLICC Frailty Index (SLICC-FI) are common frailty metrics reflecting distinct approaches to frailty assessment. We aimed to (1) compare frailty prevalence according to both metrics in women with SLE and describe differences between frail and non-frail participants using each method and (2) evaluate for cross-sectional associations between each metric and self-reported disability.

Frailty and emergency department utilisation in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus ≤65 years of age: an administrative claims data analysis of Medicaid beneficiaries.

Objective: Frailty is a risk factor for adverse health in adults with SLE, including those <65 years. Emergency department (ED) utilisation is high in adults with SLE, but to our knowledge, whether frailty is associated with ED use is unknown. In a large administrative claims dataset, we assessed risk of ED utilisation among frail adults with SLE ≤65 years of age relative to non-frail adults ≤65 years of age with SLE.

Prescribing patterns of fall risk-increasing drugs in older adults hospitalized for heart failure.

Background: Older adults hospitalized for heart failure (HF) are at risk for falls after discharge. One modifiable contributor to falls is fall risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs). However, the prevalence of FRIDs among older adults hospitalized for HF is unknown.

Association of Baseline Frailty with Patient-Reported Outcomes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus at 1 Year.

The relationship of baseline frailty with subsequent patient-reported outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains unclear. We assessed these associations in a pilot prospective cohort study. Frailty based on the FRAIL scale and the Fried phenotype and patient-reported outcomes, namely Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System computerized adaptive tests and Valued Life Activities disability, were measured at baseline and 1 year among women aged 18-70 years with SLE enrolled at a single center.

Disparities in Guideline Concordant Statin Treatment in Individuals With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Rationale: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects the prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Black women with COPD have a disproportionate risk of CVD-related mortality, yet disparities in CVD prevention in COPD are unknown.

Objectives: We aimed to identify race-sex differences in the receipt of statin treatment for CVD prevention, and whether these differences were explained by factors influencing health care utilization in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) COPD study sub-cohort.

Delta-dependent Notch activation closes the early neuroblast temporal program to promote lineage progression and neurogenesis termination in .

Neuroblasts in divide asymmetrically, sequentially expressing a series of intrinsic factors to generate a diversity of neuron types. These intrinsic factors known as temporal factors dictate timing of neuroblast transitions in response to steroid hormone signaling and specify early versus late temporal fates in neuroblast neuron progeny. After completing their temporal programs, neuroblasts differentiate or die, finalizing both neuron number and type within each neuroblast lineage.

Social Determinants of Health and Cardiologist Involvement in the Care of Adults Hospitalized for Heart Failure.

Introduction: The involvement of a cardiologist in the care of adults during a hospitalization for heart failure (HF) is associated with reduced rates of in-hospital mortality and hospital readmission. However, not all patients see a cardiologist when they are hospitalized for HF. Since reasons for this are not entirely clear, we sought to determine whether social determinants of health (SDOH) are associated with cardiologist involvement in the management of adults hospitalized for HF.

Infective endocarditis due to .

Introduction: species are gram-negative, non-motile, facultative anaerobic coccobacilli in the larger family of . Implicated in a variety of human diseases, species are also included in the 'HACEK' group of organisms, which are fastidious gram-negative bacteria, a well-described but uncommon cause of endocarditis. Among the species responsible for endocarditis, is the most frequently isolated.

EEG-based BCI: A novel improvement for EEG signals classification based on real-time preprocessing.

This work aims to improve EEG signal binary and multiclass classification for real-time BCI applications. Therefore, our paper discusses the results of a new real-time approach that was integrated into a complete prediction system, where we proposed a new trick to eliminate the effect of EEG's non-stationarity nature. This improvement can increase the accuracy from 50% using raw EEG to the order of 90% after preprocessing step in the binary case and from 28% to 78% in the multiclass case.