The role of GST polymorphism in reperfusion induced oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and clinical complications after surgical and percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Patients having coronary artery disease treated by coronary bypass or PCI procedure are exposed to tissue damage because of the phenomenon called reperfusion injury. Reperfusion injury can be characterized/monitored by oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory markers and by post-operative complication rate.

Objective: Beyond the obvious factors determining its severity (affected myocardial mass, ischaemic time, collateral circulation etc.

Cancer progression by reprogrammed BCAA metabolism in myeloid leukaemia.

Reprogrammed cellular metabolism is a common characteristic observed in various cancers. However, whether metabolic changes directly regulate cancer development and progression remains poorly understood. Here we show that BCAT1, a cytosolic aminotransferase for branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), is aberrantly activated and functionally required for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in humans and in mouse models of CML.

Predictive Value of Early Skin Rash in Cetuximab-Based Therapy of Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer.

Randomized trials in advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) did not show benefit of cetuximab addition over chemotherapy. This is probably due to the lack of predictive biomarkers. The aim of this study was to explore possible predictive factors.

Genistein prevention of hyperglycemia and improvement of glucose tolerance in adult non-obese diabetic mice are associated with alterations of gut microbiome and immune homeostasis.

Although studies have linked soy phytoestrogen 4,7,4-trihydroxyisoflavone genistein (GEN) to reduced type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk, the mechanism of dietary GEN on T1D remains unknown. In our studies, adult non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model was employed to investigate the effects of GEN exposure on blood glucose level (BGL), glucose tolerance, gut microbiome, and immune responses. Adult male and female NOD mice were fed with either soy-based or casein-based diet, and received GEN at 20mg/kg body weight by gavage daily.

Validation of Dual-energy X-Ray Absorptiometry to Predict Body Composition of Channel Catfish, .

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides a noninvasive way to determine lean tissue mass (LTM), fat mass (FM), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD) in humans and small mammals. Live channel catfish (n=74, 78g - 1200 g) were anesthetized and scanned in both a lateral position and a dorsa-ventral position. Six individual fish (300g - 600g) were scanned five times each to determine precision by the coefficient of variation.

Endothelial cell tropism is a determinant of H5N1 pathogenesis in mammalian species.

The cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning the unusually high virulence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses in mammalian species remains unknown. Here, we investigated if the cell tropism of H5N1 virus is a determinant of enhanced virulence in mammalian species. We engineered H5N1 viruses with restricted cell tropism through the exploitation of cell type-specific microRNA expression by incorporating microRNA target sites into the viral genome.

Hendra virus fusion protein transmembrane domain contributes to pre-fusion protein stability.

Enveloped viruses utilize fusion (F) proteins studding the surface of the virus to facilitate membrane fusion with a target cell membrane. Fusion of the viral envelope with a cellular membrane is required for release of viral genomic material, so the virus can ultimately reproduce and spread. To drive fusion, the F protein undergoes an irreversible conformational change, transitioning from a metastable pre-fusion conformation to a more thermodynamically stable post-fusion structure.

-Linked -Acetylglucosamine (-GlcNAc) Expression Levels Epigenetically Regulate Colon Cancer Tumorigenesis by Affecting the Cancer Stem Cell Compartment via Modulating Expression of Transcriptional Factor .

To study the regulation of colorectal adenocarcinoma progression by -GlcNAc, we have focused on the -GlcNAc-mediated epigenetic regulation of human colon cancer stem cells (CCSC). Xenograft tumors from colon tumor cells with -linked -acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) knockdown grew significantly slower than those formed from control cells, indicating a reduced proliferation of tumor cells due to inhibition of OGT expression. Significant reduction of the CCSC population was observed in the tumor cells after OGT knockdown, whereas tumor cells treated with the -GlcNAcase inhibitor showed an increased CCSC population, indicating that -GlcNAc levels regulated the CCSC compartment.

Validation of Body Condition Indices and Quantitative Magnetic Resonance in Estimating Body Composition in a Small Lizard.

Measurements of body condition are typically used to assess an individual's quality, health, or energetic state. Most indices of body condition are based on linear relationships between body length and mass. Although these indices are simple to obtain, nonlethal, and useful indications of energetic state, their accuracy at predicting constituents of body condition (e.

[Minimal invasive esophageal resection with anastomosis on the neck [McKeown]. Our experiences after 20 cases].

Objective: Esophageal resection is a traumatic intervention usually performed on patients with poor condition, resulting high mortality and morbidity. To improve the high incidence of complications, minimal invasive interventions were introduced. The results of the thoracoscopically and laparoscopically performed esophageal resection (McKeown) was investigated after 20 cases and the technical details of the surgical intervention are presented.

[Our metabolic surgical activity, 2010-2016].

Introduction: The prevalence of morbid obesity and its co-morbidities - first of all diabetes type 2 - increased dramatically in the last decades. As the conservative ways of treatment (diet, training, etc.) in most cases does not lead to effective and long term weight loss, there is an increasing need for the metabolic surgical interventions.

[Proctocolectomy with J pouch. Ileo-anal anastomosis performed with PPH stapler. Our experiences after 88 cases].

Aim: Ulcerative colitis (CU) or Familiar Polyposis (FAP) can be the indication for proctocolectomy reconstructed with J pouch. The complete removal of the colon mucosa is essential regarding the late complications and at the same time the atraumatic surgical technique is very important concerning on the long term functional results. Both aspects seems to be answered by the stapled ileo-anal anastomosis using a "procedure for prolaps and haemorrhoids (PPH)" stapler applied by us since 2000.

[Retrospective analysis of carcinomas of the rectum operated by TEM during one year at our institute].

Introduction: The very first TEM (transanal endoscopyc microsurgery) in Hungary was performed in our department by professor Attila Nagy in 1992. Up to August 2016, 1385 operation in total was performed with an average number of 60 per year., 992 operations were carried out for benign reasons and 393 cases for malignancies.

Pentoxifylline attenuates the local and systemic inflammatory response after infrarenal abdominal aortic ischemia-reperfusion.

Aims: We studied the new anti-inflammatory effects of non-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor pentoxifylline (PTX) on ischaemia-reperfusion injury and postconditioning of the lower extremities. We aimed to examine the oxidative stress parameters (OSP), the inflammatory response and the changes in structure of skeletal muscle after revascularization surgery.

Methods: 50 Wistar rats in five groups underwent a 60 min infrarenal aortic cross clamping.

Genome Sequences of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Infantis Strains from Broiler Chicks in Hungary.

Three strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis isolated from healthy broiler chickens from 2012 to 2013 have been sequenced. Comparison of these and previously published S Infantis genome sequences of broiler origin in 1996 and 2004 will provide new insight into the genome evolution and recent spread of S Infantis in poultry.

Transcript and hormone analyses reveal the involvement of ABA-signalling, hormone crosstalk and genotype-specific biological processes in cold-shock response in wheat.

The effect of one-day cold-shock on the transcriptome and phytohormones (auxin, cytokinins, abscisic, jasmonic and salicylic acids) was characterised in freezing-sensitive (Chinese Spring), highly freezing-tolerant (Cheyenne) and moderately freezing-tolerant (Chinese Spring substituted with Cheyenne's 5A chromosome) wheat genotypes. Altogether, 636 differentially expressed genes responding to cold-shock were identified. Defence genes encoding LEA proteins, dehydrins, chaperons and other temperature-stress responsive proteins were up-regulated in a genotype-independent manner.

Salmonella Meningitis Associated with Monocyte Infiltration in Mice.

In the current study, we examined the ability of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium to infect the central nervous system and cause meningitis following the natural route of infection in mice. C57BL/6J mice are extremely susceptible to systemic infection by Salmonella Typhimurium because of loss-of-function mutations in Nramp1 (SLC11A1), a phagosomal membrane protein that controls iron export from vacuoles and inhibits Salmonella growth in macrophages. Therefore, we assessed the ability of Salmonella to disseminate to the central nervous system (CNS) after oral infection in C57BL/6J mice expressing either wild-type (resistant) or mutant (susceptible) alleles of Nramp1.

[Review of medical or combined treatment of local or locally advanced oesophageal cancer].

More than 800 oesophageal tumours are diagnosed each year in Hungary. The disease is characterized by high mortality. The curative treatment traditionally surgical, although the study results of recent decades pointed out that patient outcome can be improved with the proper application of radio- and chemotherapy.

Sodium Pentosan Polysulfate Reduced Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses in an Experimental Animal Model.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains an independent risk factor for mortality and morbidity after vascular surgery (affecting the renal arteries) or aortic surgery (requiring suprarenal aortic clamping). These types of vascular surgery produce renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, a common cause of AKI. The present studies aimed at monitoring the course of renal I/R injury at the cellular level and investigating the efficacy of long-term preoperative and single-shot intraoperative administration of sodium pentosan polysulfate (PPS) to protect renal tissue from acute I/R injury both in native and diabetic kidneys in rats.

Idiopathic livedo racemosa presenting with splenomegaly and diffuse lymphadenopathy.

Sneddon syndrome (SS) is a rare condition and the diagnosis is made only when other more common disease entities have been excluded. Common manifestations in SS patients include hypertension, coronary artery disease, venous thrombosis, miscarriages, psychiatric disturbances, and arterial and venous thrombotic events. Most patients present in their early 30s with classic neurovascular and dermatologic signs.

Few-cycle optical pulse characterization via cross-polarized wave generation dispersion scan technique.

We demonstrate a dispersion scan (d-scan) pulse characterization scheme employing cross-polarized wave (XPW) generation as a nonlinear optical process. XPW generation is a degenerate four-wave mixing process with no phase-matching limitations. Therefore, its implementation in the d-scan method is a good choice for the characterization of few-cycle pulses in remote spectral regions.

Development of a Joint Hydrogen and Syngas Combustion Mechanism Based on an Optimization Approach.

A comprehensive and hierarchical optimization of a joint hydrogen and syngas combustion mechanism has been carried out. The Kéromnès et al. (, 2013, 160, 995-1011) mechanism for syngas combustion was updated with our recently optimized hydrogen combustion mechanism (Varga et al.

Observational research rigour alone does not justify causal inference.

Background: Differing opinions exist on whether associations obtained in observational studies can be reliable indicators of a causal effect if the observational study is sufficiently well controlled and executed.

Materials And Methods: To test this, we conducted two animal observational studies that were rigorously controlled and executed beyond what is achieved in studies of humans. In study 1, we randomized 332 genetically identical C57BL/6J mice into three diet groups with differing food energy allotments and recorded individual self-selected daily energy intake and lifespan.

Rapid Discrimination of Closely Related Seed Herbs (Cumin, Caraway, and Fennel) by Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS).

Direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) was applied as a rapid method for the discrimination of the spices and traditional medicines cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), caraway (Carum carvi L.), and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.

Maternal Western diet increases adiposity even in male offspring of obesity-resistant rat dams: early endocrine risk markers.

Maternal overnutrition or associated complications putatively mediate the obesogenic effects of perinatal high-fat diet on developing offspring. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a Western diet developmental environment increases adiposity not only in male offspring from obesity-prone (DIO) mothers, but also in those from obesity-resistant (DR) dams, implicating a deleterious role for the Western diet per se. Selectively bred DIO and DR female rats were fed chow (17% kcal fat) or Western diet (32%) for 54 days before mating and, thereafter, through weaning.