Effectiveness of Additive Manufactured Titanium Implants in the Reconstruction of Large Cranial Defects: Case Series and Review of Literature.

Introduction: Replacement of lost soft and hard tissues of the human body has always been a daunting task across all surgical specialties. Reconstruction of a cranial deformity is challenging due to the functional and cosmetic requirements. A major constraint with large cranial bony deformity reconstruction is the nonavailability of graft of a specific shape and size.

Does intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma/platelet-rich fibrin improve outcomes after temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) have been used as adjuncts to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthrocentesis but without any high-quality evidence. This systematic review collated data from published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to provide level-1 evidence on its efficacy. Trials published on the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, CENTRAL, and Web of Science up to 4 August 2023 and comparing intra-articular PRP/PRF with control after TMJ arthrocentesis were eligible.

Atypical Orthognathic Surgical Protocol for Facial Feminisation as an Adjunct to Gender Affirmation Therapy: a Case Report.

Gender Affirmation Surgery/Therapy (GAS/GAT) constitutes an array of surgical and hormonal therapy performed on patients presenting with a diagnosis of 'Gender Dysphoria'. Facial Feminisation Surgery is a part of the overall gender reassignment process. It is a broad term used to describe the surgical alteration, generally performed on a male-to-female transsexual individual, in which, a masculine facial appearance is changed to a more feminine form.

Reconstruction options in pediatric population with hemi or total mandibulectomy defects: A systematic review.

Purpose: Mandibular pathologies causing extensive defects in pediatrics is relatively rare, and sparse literature is available for the reconstructive options of the same. The main aim is to provide optimum esthetics and function.

Materials And Methods: PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, MEDLINE and Scopus databases were searched for articles published only in English language up to May 2021, involving reconstruction of hemi or total mandibulectomy defects in patients with the age of 8 years or less, associated with benign or malignant pathology.

Comparison of outcomes with the single-puncture and double-puncture techniques of arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare intra-operative and postoperative outcomes between the single-puncture and the standard double-puncture techniques of arthrocentesis.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect and CENTRAL databases were searched from inception up to 31 August 2020. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), prospective and retrospective studies conducted on patients with temporomandibular joint disorders comparing any type of single-puncture arthrocentesis with standard double-puncture arthrocentesis and reporting intra-operative/postoperative outcomes were included.

Outcomes of sequestrectomy and buccal fat pad reconstruction in the management of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of buccal fat pad (BFP) in the reconstruction of surgical defects following sequestrectomy in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ). A total of ten patients with MRONJ underwent sequestrectomy and reconstruction using BFP. There were 3 males and 7 females.

Facial Reanimation by Modified Intraoral Temporalis Tendon Transfer With Ancillary Procedures.

Facial nerve palsy is an exceedingly debilitating condition, incapacitating functional and aesthetic facets of the face. Orthodromic transfer of temporalis muscle is an easy and predictable technique which offers early animation of oral commissure and lower face. A retrospective chart review of 6 patients of facial palsy treated with orthodromic temporalis tendon transfer for facial reanimation is presented.

Insertion Tendinosis of Stylomandibular Ligament: Ernest Syndrome.

Insertion tendinosis of stylomandibular ligament (SML) or Ernest syndrome is a very rare and under reported head and neck pain disorder. The pain originates from the insertion of stylomandibular region and radiates to the temple, lateral side of the neck and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The diagnosis is confirmed by palpation of SML and local anesthetic block at the insertion of SML.

Comparison of intraoperative outcomes with single and double puncture techniques of arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint.

Evidence of differences in operator-related outcomes between single and double puncture arthrocentesis is limited. The purpose of this prospective study was to compare intraoperative outcomes with single puncture types 1 and 2, and double puncture, arthrocentesis. A total of 59 patients with 60 temporomandibular joints (TMJ) were treated sequentially by single puncture type 1 (n=20), single puncture type 2 (n=20), and double puncture arthrocentesis (n=20).

Surgical management of oral submucous fibrosis with "Seagull-nasolabial flap" combined with short-term oral pentoxifylline for preventing relapse.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of seagull-shaped nasolabial flap (NLF) along with adjunctive short-term oral pentoxifylline in the surgical reconstruction of oral sub mucous fibrosis (OSMF) following fibrotomy. We retrospectively evaluated 18 patients with grade IV oral sub mucous fibrosis treated by NLF. There were 3 females and 15 males.

Management of Life-Threatening Hemorrhage from Maxillofacial Firearm Injuries Using Foley Catheter Balloon Tamponade.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Foley catheter in the management of hemorrhage from penetrating maxillofacial injuries in austere environment. This retrospective cohort study evaluated all penetrating head and neck trauma caused by firearm injuries reported to a military hospital at a forward aid location during 2015-2017. Foley catheter was used in the emergency management of bleeding in 11 cases.

Pterygoid Hamulus Bursitis: A Rare Intra-Oral Pain Syndrome.

Pterygoid hamular bursitis is a rare craniofacial pain syndrome used to describe palatal and pharyngeal pain due to an enlarged pterygoid hamulus. The pterygoid hamulus is a hook-shaped bony process located bilaterally on each medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone, posterior and medial to each maxillary tuberosity. These processes project downward and anterolaterally; serve as attachment for ligaments and a network of muscles.

Hyoid bone syndrome masquerading as temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

Hyoid bone syndrome is a type of cervicofacial pain that is caused by degeneration of the greater cornu of the hyoid at the attachment of the stylohyoid ligament. We report four patients who presented with deep-seated, dull, aching, temporomandibular (TMJ) pain that radiated from the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and did not respond to conservative management. Diagnostic tests included a local anaesthetic block and digital palpation of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone.

High-Velocity Ballistic Injuries Inflicted to the Maxillofacial Region.

Background & Aim: Gun-shot trauma inflicted to the maxillofacial region results in multiple injuries which significantly impacts management and reconstructive options. The authors investigated the efficacy/outcomes of primary management of maxillofacial trauma inflicted in ballistic injuries.

Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study carried out solely at 15 Corps Dental Unit, a tertiary care military hospital at Srinagar between the year 2016 & 2017.

Chimeric temporopareital osteofascial and temporalis muscle flap; a novel method for the reconstruction of composite orbito-maxillary defects.

Reconstruction of midface defects are extremely challenging owing to the lack of suitable vascularized local flaps. The temporoparietal fascia and temporalis muscle flaps make excellent choices for midface and orbito-maxillary reconstruction. The muscle provides adequate thickness while the fascia yields pliable soft tissues for lining the midface.

Surgical Management of Migraine Headaches: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of the present study was to systematically review and analyze the available evidence on the role of surgery in improving outcomes in patients with migraine headaches.

Methods: An electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and Google Scholar databases was performed for English-language articles reporting results of peripheral nerve surgery for migraine headaches.

Results: The search strategy revealed a total of 1528 records, of which 23 studies were included in the review.

Styloid-stylohyoid syndrome: a rare cause of cranio-facial pain-a retrospective case series of 12 patients.

Purpose: Elongated styloid process results in severe cranio-facial/cervico-facial pain. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of treatment outcomes using transcervical approach in the management of styloid-stylohyoid syndrome/styloid syndrome.

Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study.

Is splint therapy required after arthrocentesis to improve outcome in the management of temporomandibular joint disorders? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of splint therapy in improving outcomes after arthrocentesis for the management of temporomandibular joint disorders.

Study Design: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted to search for randomized control trials, controlled clinical trials, and retrospective studies comparing arthrocentesis and splint therapy with arthrocentesis alone.

Results: Six studies were included in this review.

Does methylprednisolone improve postoperative outcomes after mandibular third molar surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate whether methylprednisolone (MP) administered via any route improves postoperative outcomes (pain, trismus, and oedema) following mandibular third molar surgery. An electronic search of the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar databases was performed to identify studies published in English up until January 2018. A total of 28 studies were included in the review: 25 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and three controlled clinical trials.

Surgical management of oral submucous fibrosis using buccal fat pad: a retrospective study of 30 cases.

The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of buccal fat pad (BFP) in the management of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Retrospective records of 30 patients of OSMF treated with BFP with atleast a year of follow-up were analyzed. Patients were divided into groups based on the stages of OSMF.

The use of intra-articular analgesics to improve outcomes after temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis: a review.

Purpose: The aim of this review was to assess the efficacy of intra-articular analgesics in improving outcomes after temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthrocentesis.

Material And Methods: An electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar databases was performed for papers in English published up to December 2017 reporting the use of intra-articular analgesics after TMJ arthrocentesis. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials (CCTs), comparative studies, retrospective studies, and case series were included while case reports, technical reports, animal studies, cadaveric studies, and review papers were excluded.

The efficacy of dextrose prolotherapy over placebo for temporomandibular joint hypermobility: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of the systematic review was to analyse the available evidence in order to assess the efficacy of dextrose prolotherapy in improving outcomes in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) hypermobility patients as compared to placebo.

Methods: An electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL and Google scholar databases was performed for English language papers published up to February 2018. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing dextrose prolotherapy with placebo for TMJ hypermobility were included.