Design and Synthesis of New Quinoxaline Derivatives as Potential Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Targeting Hepatocellular Carcinoma: , , and SAR Studies.

Guided by the structural optimization principle and the promising anticancer effect of the quinoxaline nucleus, a new series of novel HDAC inhibitors were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were designed to bear the reported pharmacophoric features of the HDAC inhibitors in addition to an extra moiety to occupy the non-used vacant deep pocket of the HDAC receptor. The newly prepared compounds were evaluated for their anti-proliferative activities against HepG-2 and HuH-7 liver cancer cell lines.

Prognostic significance of EZH2 and ARID1A expression in urothelial carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study.

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 () and AT-rich interactive domain 1A () expression in urothelial carcinoma (UC) has not been well studied. is a novel tumor suppressor gene coding for a chromatin remodeling protein that is mutated in urinary bladder cancer. The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 () is a transcriptional repressor involved in gene silencing.

Genomic alterations in the F8 gene correlating with severe hemophilia A in Egyptian patients.

Background: Hemophilia A (HA) is an inherited X-linked recessive coagulation disorder caused by factor VIII (F8) deficiency. F8 rearrangements involving intron 22 (int22) and intron 1 (int1) account for almost half of severe HA phenotype also a hotspot exon 14 provides numerous mutational patterns. This study aims to identify F8 gene mutations among Egyptian HA patients.

The Relation between Serum Hepcidin, Ferritin, Hepcidin: Ferritin Ratio, Hydroxyurea and Splenectomy in Children with β-Thalassemia.

Background: Hepcidin, a small peptide hormone, is established as the main regulator of iron homeostasis.

Aim: To estimate serum hepcidin, ferritin, and hepcidin: ferritin ratio in β-thalassemia patients and to determine the effect of splenectomy and hydroxyurea on serum hepcidin.

Methods: A study was conducted on 30 thalassemia major (βTM), 29 thalassemia intermedia (βTI) and 29 healthy children's controls.

Diagnostic accuracy of immunohistochemical markers in differentiation between basal cell carcinoma and trichoepithelioma in small biopsy specimens.

Background: The distinction of trichoepithelioma from basal cell carcinoma in small superficial biopsies is important but often challenging. This has inspired many scientists to test the validity of immunohistochemical markers in the differential diagnosis.

Objectives: To develop an immunohistochemical protocol that helps in differentiation between both trichoepithelioma (TE) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) with higher sensitivity and specificity.

Clinical significance of serum clusterin as a biomarker for evaluating diagnosis and metastasis potential of viral-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing problem in Egypt. Clusterin has been reported to play a significant role in tumorigenesis.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate clusterin as a marker for evaluating diagnosis and metastasis potential of viral-related HCC.

Did salvage ICE chemotherapy improve the outcome in primary resistant/relapsing stage III/IV neuroblastoma?

Background And Purpose: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial and deadly solid tumor in children. It accounts for 15% of the deaths from cancer in the pediatric age group. Approximately half of the newly diagnosed children are at "high risk" of treatment failure.

Assessment of Her-2/neu gene amplification status in breast carcinoma with equivocal 2+ Her-2/neu immunostaining.

Background And Purpose: Amplification of Her-2/neu gene occurs in 25-30% of breast carcinomas. FDA approved trastuzumab (Herceptin) is effective only in tumors having the gene amplification. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for Her-2/neu protein is widely used but false positive and false negative results exist.

Plasma visfatin and retinol binding protein-4 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their relationship to adiposity and fatty liver.

Objectives: We investigated whether plasma visfatin and binding protein-4 (RBP-4) levels correlate with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Design And Methods: Two groups were enrolled: Group 1: 40 patients with T2DM and Group 2: 40 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Both groups were subdivided according to body mass index (BMI) into non-obese (BMI < 25 kg/m(2)) and obese subjects (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) (20 each).

The role of PTPN22 gene polymorphism in childhood immune thrombocytopenic purpura.

Immune thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune disorder characterized by antibody-mediated platelet destruction. A protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN22) present in lymphocytes is an important negative regulator of signal transduction for the T-cell receptor-MHC complex and has been associated with autoimmune disorders that produce autoantibodies. The present study investigated the frequency of the 1858C>T single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the PTPN22 gene in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) patients.

Association of fetuin-A and cardiac calcification and inflammation levels in hemodialysis patients.

Background: Vascular calcification is commonly found in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and it is one of the predictors of cardiovascular death. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that low fetuin-A levels are associated with mortality in uremic patients. Objectives.