Silymarin and MSC-exosomes ameliorate thioacetamide-evoked renal fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β/SMAD pathway in rats.

Background: TGF-β1 and SMAD3 are particularly pathogenic in the progression of renal fibrosis.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the kidney protective potentials of silymarin (SM) and exosomes of mesenchymal stem cells against the nephrotoxin thioacetamide (TAA) in rats.

Methods: 32 female rats were randomly assigned into four groups: the control group, the TAA group, the TAA + SM group, and the TAA + Exosomes group.

Serum long noncoding RNA H19/micro RNA-675-5p axis as a probable diagnostic biomarker in inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: A significant body of research strengthens the starring role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we investigated the diagnostic utility of lncRNA H19 and miRNA-675-5p in IBD.

Methods: This study included 97 participants, thirty-five ulcerative colitis patients, thirty-two Crohn's disease patients, and thirty IBD-free controls.