Mulibrey Nanism: A Case with Heart Failure.

Mulibrey Nanism is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a variety of systemic manifestations, including cardiac involvement. We report the case of a 26-year-old male who underwent partial pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis at age 4 and presented to our cardiology clinic with heart failure symptoms. Examination revealed dysmorphic features characteristic of Mulibrey Nanism such as short stature, macrocephaly, and hypertelorism.

Ocular pharmacokinetics and toxicity of nanoparticular acetazolamide: In vivo distribution and safety of PHBV-ACZ nanoparticle.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is defined as fluid accumulation in the macular region, between the retinal layers, due to many diseases, especially diabetes. DME is one of the major complications of diabetic retinopathy (DRP). Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAI) are a pharmaceutical agent used in different fields, especially glaucoma treatment.

Tamoxifen related chorioretinal structural changes.

Purpose: To evaluate the vascular structure of the choroid and each retinal layer in patients with breast cancer on tamoxifen therapy and compare them with healthy subjects.

Materials And Methods: 124 eyes of 62 patients with breast cancer who were on tamoxifen therapy (group 1) and 80 eyes of 40 healthy controls (group 2) were included in this prospective cohort study. The structure of the choroid was evaluated using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and choroidal binarisation.

The relation between serum inflammatory marker levels and serous retinal detachment in macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: To assess blood-derived inflammatory markers in macular edema (ME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) with and without serous retinal detachment (SRD).

Materials-methods: Treatment-naive patients with ME secondary to RVO were divided into two groups according to the existence of SRD in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images; group 1 consisted of 60 patients with SRD, and group 2 consisted of 60 patients without SRD. Age and gender-matched 60 patients formed group 3 as healthy controls.

Real Life Multicenter Comparison of 24-Month Outcomes of Anti-VEGF Therapy in Diabetic Macular Edema in Turkey: Ranibizumab vs. Aflibercept vs. Ranibizumab-Aflibercept Switch.

The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with aflibercept (AFB) or ranibizumab (RNB) only, and after switching from RNB to AFB. This was a retrospective, real-world, multicenter (7 cities) 24 month study. Overall, 212 eyes in the AFB group, 461 in the RNB group, and 141 in the RNB to AFB group were included.

Choroidal vascularity index in adult patients with familial meditteranean fever.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate choroidal vascular status by the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in adult patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in remission period.

Materials-methods: 86 patients diagnosed with FMF and 54 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Retinal, ganglion cell complex and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thicknesses were obtained using Spectralis domain-optical coherence (SD-OCT) tomography.

Effectiveness of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor loaded nanoparticles in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DRP) is a disease consisting of all the structural and functional changes that develop in the retinal layer of the eye due to diabetes. DRP is the most important cause of blindness between the ages of 20-74 in the world, and the most successful standard treatment option in the treatment of DRP is intravitreal injections. To synthesize acetazolamide loaded nanoparticles to be applied intravitreal treatment of DRP and to examine theefficacy of the nanoparticles.

Machine learning algorithms revealed distorted retinal vascular branching in individuals with bipolar disorder.

Background: Converging evidence designate vascular vulnerability in bipolar disorder. The predisposition progresses into distortion in time, thus detection of the vascular susceptibility may help reducing morbidity and mortality. It was aimed to assess retinal fundus vasculature in cardiovascular risk-free patients with bipolar disorder.

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in diabetic macular edema: real-life outcomes from a multicenter study in Turkey over 36 months.

Purpose: This study aimed to report the visual and anatomical outcomes of intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) in a real-world clinical setting from Turkey over 36 months.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter (7 sites) study. The medical records of 1072 eyes (both previously treated and naive eyes) of 706 consecutive patients with visual impairment due to center-involving DME treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF injections between April 2007 and February 2017 were reviewed.

Thicknesses of the retinal layers in patients with Graves' disease with or without orbitopathy.

Purpose: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an inflammatory process that may involve the ocular surface, orbital fat, extraocular muscles, and optic nerves in patients with Graves' disease (GD). We aimed to compare thicknesses of retinal layers in patients with GD with and without GO.

Methods: One hundred seven patients with GD [23 with GO (Group 1), 84 without GO (Group 2)] and eighteen volunteers (Group 3) were enrolled.

Evaluation of sphingolipid metabolism on diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate the aqueous and serum levels of sphingolipid metabolism mediators such as sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1), sphingosine kinase 2 (SK2), ceramide kinase (CK), and acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) which are thought to take part in diabetic retinopathy (DR) pathogenesis, and development and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on type 2 diabetic and control patients who underwent cataract surgery. Three different subgroups, namely, non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), were allocated and the S1P, SK1, SK2, CK, and ASM levels in the serum and aqueous humor samples of diabetic and control patients were evaluated.

Retinal layers in prolactinoma patients: a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography study.

Purpose: Prolactinoma is a type of pituitary tumour that produces an excessive amount of the hormone prolactin. It is the most common type of hormonally-active pituitary tumour. These tumours can cause ocular complications such as vision loss and visual fields (VF) defect.

Effect of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement on Retinal Layer Thickness Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is associated with clinically significant cerebral microembolism and cognitive status changes. There are no data on the impact of TAVR on retinal layers. We assessed the influence of TAVR on the retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell complex (GCC), and macular thickness (MT) measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Evaluation of the correlation between quantitative measurement of the foveal avascular zone and retinal vessel density and outer retinal disruptions in diabetic patients.

Background/aim: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the correlation between the integrity of the outer retinal layers on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and objective parameters of retinal microvascular perfusion on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Materials And Methods: A total of 105 eyes of 54 diabetic patients were included in the study. Integrity of the outer retinal layers including the external limiting membrane (ELM), ellipsoid zone (EZ), and interdigitation zone (IZ) was assessed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Transscleral Delivery of Bevacizumab-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles.

: The aim of this study was to synthesize bevacizumab-loaded nanoparticles and evaluate their effects on the treatment of posterior segment diseases via subtenon injections. : Bevacizumab-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (BLCNs) were synthesized by the ionic gelation method, and their physicochemical characteristics and release profile were studied. The BLCNs were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), FTIR spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and scanning electron microscopy.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STAGES OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AND LEVELS OF BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR IN AQUEOUS HUMOR AND SERUM.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine aqueous humor and serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in diabetic patients with and without retinopathy.

Methods: The study included diabetic patients with or without retinopathy, who had an indication for cataract surgery. The study groups were diabetic patients without retinopathy (Group 2), with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (Group 3), and with proliferative retinopathy (Group 4).

Blood coagulation parameters after intravitreal injection of aflibercept in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of intravitreal injection of aflibercept (IVA) on blood coagulation tests in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients.

Methods: Thirty-four patients with neovascular AMD (study group) and 32 healthy individuals (control group) were enrolled. Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were measured at different times in patients with neovascular AMD.

Molecular identification of viral agents associated with acute conjunctivitis: a prospective controlled study.

Background: Viral conjunctivitis are the most frequent infections in ophthalmology clinics. The diagnosis is usually relying on clinical findings and medical history. However, topical antibiotics are often used unnecessarily addition to symptomatic treatment because of unsure agents.

Evaluation of biochemical and clinical markers of endothelial dysfunction and their correlation with urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The purpose of the study was to determine flow mediated endothelial dependent vasodilatation (FMD) measurements and serum soluble (s) endothelin-1 (ET-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) levels in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with or without increased urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and compare them with the healthy controls. Subjects and methods Seventy three patients with T1DM were enrolled.

Is there any association between primary hyperparathyroidism and ocular changes, such as central corneal thickness, retinal thickness, and intraocular pressure?

Ocular changes are commonly encountered in various endocrine disorders. However, only a few studies have reported ocular changes in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Here, we examined the central corneal thickness (CCT), retinal thickness (RT), and intraocular pressure (IOP), and their relationships with serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) levels in patients with PHPT.

Effect of refractive error on temperament and character properties.

Aim: To determine the effect of refractive error on temperament and character properties using Cloninger's psychobiological model of personality.

Methods: Using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), the temperament and character profiles of 41 participants with refractive errors (17 with myopia, 12 with hyperopia, and 12 with myopic astigmatism) were compared to those of 30 healthy control participants. Here, temperament comprised the traits of novelty seeking, harm-avoidance, and reward dependence, while character comprised traits of self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence.

Topographic and biomechanical evaluation of cornea in patients with acromegaly.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare topographic and biomechanical properties of corneas in patients with acromegaly with those of healthy individuals.

Methods: Thirty-five patients with acromegaly (study group) and 35 healthy individuals (control group) were enrolled in this prospective study. Topographic measurements, including central corneal thickness (CCT), mean keratometry (K) value, K1, K2, surface asymmetry index, corneal volume (CV), and anterior chamber depth in the right eye of each participant were obtained using a Scheimpflug camera with a Placido disc topographer (Sirius; Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici).