Association between oral microbiome dysbiosis and Sjogren Syndrome. A systematic review of clinical studies.

Objectives: This systematic review investigates the association of oral microbiome dysbiosis with Sjogren Syndrome (SS).

Materials And Methods: Indexed databases (PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, OVID, Web of Science, and Scopus) were independently searched for relevant manuscripts published until August 2024. Clinical studies on oral microbial flora count and diversity in SS patients were included.

Limited trust in social network games.

We consider agents in a social network competing to be selected as partners in collaborative, mutually beneficial activities. We study this through a model in which an agent i can initiate a limited number k_{i}>0 of games and selects partners from its one-hop neighborhood. Each agent can accept as many games offered by its neighbors.

The effectiveness of fractal analysis in diagnosing temporomandibular joint disorders: a systematic review of clinical studies.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the application and effectiveness of fractal analysis (FA) in assessing temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) with dental imaging.

Methods: This systematic review, conducted in adherence to PRISMA-P and Cochrane Handbook guidelines, involved a comprehensive search of five electronic indexed databases up to September 15, 2024. The thorough search aimed to ensure the inclusion of all relevant studies on dental imaging with fractal dimension (FD) analysis for TMDs.

Accuracy of Dental Implant Placement using Robotics. A Systematic Review of in vitro Studies.

Purpose/aim: Robotic-assisted techniques have the potential to revolutionize dental implantology by offering enhanced precision, accuracy, and clinical outcomes compared to computer-assisted implant placement techniques. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of dental implant placement using robot-assisted implant surgery in vitro settings.

Methods: An unrestricted search of indexed databases along with a manual search was performed up to March 2024.

Effectiveness of mineral trioxide aggregate on postoperative pain in non-surgical endodontic treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Postoperative endodontic pain can negatively influence the quality of life of the patients. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) has gained attention as a potential medicament in various endodontic procedures. MTA has been shown to have desirable properties such as biocompatibility, marginal adaptation, and sealing ability compared to other materials.

The Lingering Effects of COVID-19: The Psychological State and Quality of Life of Patients with Persistent Loss of Smell and Taste.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a significant number of individuals experiencing the loss of smell and taste, medically known as anosmia and ageusia, respectively. While many patients recover these senses during the post-acute phase of the illness, a subset of individuals continues to suffer from anosmia and ageusia even after recovering from COVID-19. This article aims to explore the psychological state of COVID patients who have not regained their sense of smell and taste post-recovery, highlighting the potential impact on their mental health and overall well-being.

Artificial intelligence-integrated optical coherence tomography for screening and early detection of oral cancer.

Early detection of oral cancer is essential for improving patient survival rates and leads to higher chances of successful treatment, reduced cost of complex treatments, and improved quality of life of patients. Oral cancer often arises from oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), among which leukoplakia is the most common. Numerous chairside diagnostic aids and imaging modalities have been reviewed for screening detection of OPMDs and oral cancer, but these techniques have limitations.

Instruments to Measure Betel Quid Dependency among Young and Adult Chewers - A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.

Background: Betel quid (BQ) consumption is prevalent globally, majorly consumed in South-Asia and South-East Asian countries. Among the other country studies done on BQ, the focus has been on its consumption prevalence, its physiological and psychological effects, and aids to discontinue this habit. Systematic literature research on suitability of different instruments (metric or scale) to measure BQ dependency is scarce, hence pointing to the need of more evidence-based studies in this domain.

Neurofibrolipoma of Hypopharynx: A Rare Entity.

A Large pedunculated neurofibrolipoma involving the hypopharynx is a very rare entity. Patient with hypopharyngeal polyp usually presents with progressive dyaphagia, sensation of persistent lump in throat and difficulty in breathing. Regurgitation of the mass into the airway can led to fatal asphyxiation on several occasions and may rarely cause death also if not evaluated and treated timely.

Behavioral and Psychosocial Risk Factors that Lead Individuals to Initiate and/or Maintain Betel Quid Chewing in Developed and Developing Countries: A Systematic Review.

Background: Betel quid (BQ) is the fourth most commonly used psychoactive substance and its use is highly prevalent among southeast Asian countries due to the influence of psychosocial, behavioral, and environmental factors. As a result, even young children and women are becoming addicted and find it difficult to achieve long-term abstinence. Systematic research addressing the influence of behavioral and psychosocial factors on BQ chewing is scarce, hence pointing to the need for understanding the interplay of these factors to develop tailored intervention strategies for BQ cessation.

Effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the management of symptomatic oral lichen planus -A systematic review.

Background: Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology characterized by T cell mediated autoimmune response which trigger apoptosis of basal cells of an oral epithelium. Corticosteroids are the primary therapeutic option for symptomatic OLP however treatment of lesions unresponsive to corticosteroids that tend to recur are becoming challenging for the clinicians. Currently photodynamic therapy (PDT) is being explored as a new curative option for reduction of pain and/or burning sensation associated with OLP lesions.

Effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for Sjogren syndrome - A systematic review.

Background: Sjogren's Syndrome (SS) is characterized by xeropthalmia and/or xerostomia. Treating the associated salivary gland hypofunction has been challenging to the clinicians. A variety of topical and systemic therapies have been tried to restore/stimulate the gland function or replace saliva reducing the symptoms of xerostomia and to avoid the problems of diminished salivary flow.

How to make services adolescent friendly? A cross-sectional study on awareness of adolescent friendly health clinics in Central India.

Background: India's flagship program on adolescent health - Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK) emphasises the importance of strengthening Adolescent Friendly Health Clinics (AFHCs) under its facility-based approach for improving the health of adolescents. AFHCs are intended to provide targeted intervention in six domains - nutrition, injuries & violence (including gender-based violence), mental health, sexual & reproductive health, substance abuse and noncommunicable diseases.

Objective: The current study was conducted to assess the determinants of awareness and utilisation of AFHC services in districts with RKSK services in Madhya Pradesh.

Sialography: a pictorial review.

Non-tumour inflammatory and obstructive salivary gland pathologies such as sialadenitis, sialolithiasis, sialadenosis, ductal strictures, etc. require precise radiological evaluation and mapping of salivary gland ductal system for better treatment outcome. Conventional sialography is considered as a useful and reliable technique in evaluation of salivary glands especially intrinsic and acquired abnormalities involving the ductal system and is useful for detection of non-radiopaque sialoliths which are invisible on routine plain radiographs.

Evaluation of Alveolar Bone Microstructure around Impacted Maxillary Canines Using Fractal Analysis in Dravidian Population: A Retrospective CBCT Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess alveolar bone microstructure around impacted maxillary canines derived from fractal analysis.

Materials And Methods: The present study was a retrospective cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) study. In total, 61 scans (25 males, 36 females; age range - 12-28 years) were analyzed.

Tensions and opportunities in the roles of senior public health officials in Canada: A qualitative study.

Although public health emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic thrust senior public health officials into the spotlight, their day-to-day roles remain misunderstood and under-examined. In jurisdictions that follow the Westminster system of government such as Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia, Chief Medical Officers of Health (CMOHs) are typically senior public servants who are simultaneously positioned as public health professionals with independent expertise, senior advisors to an elected government, and designated protectors of the public health interest. Using Canada's federal and provincial CMOHs as case studies of this role in Westminster governments, we analyzed in-depth key informant interview data to examine how CMOHs navigate the tensions among their duties to the government, profession, and public in order to maximize their public health impact.

International treaties have mostly failed to produce their intended effects.

There are over 250,000 international treaties that aim to foster global cooperation. But are treaties actually helpful for addressing global challenges? This systematic field-wide evidence synthesis of 224 primary studies and meta-analysis of the higher-quality 82 studies finds treaties have mostly failed to produce their intended effects. The only exceptions are treaties governing international trade and finance, which consistently produced intended effects.

Correlation between gray values of cone-beam computed tomograms and Hounsfield units of computed tomograms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this review was to systematically analyze the available literature on the correlation between the gray values (GVs) of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the Hounsfield units (HUs) of computed tomography (CT) for assessing bone mineral density.

Materials And Methods: A literature search was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus, and LILACS for studies published through September 2021. , , and animal studies that analyzed the correlations GVs of CBCT and HUs of CT were included in this review.

Toolkit for delivering the 3Es and 6As tobacco interventions in dental care.

Tobacco use is one of the major public health problems in India and also the single most important remediable public health problem. Tobacco cessation is the need of the hour. The dentists have a unique opportunity and professional obligation to be a positive influence in reducing the economic and social burden inflicted by tobacco use on dental and general health.

Ameloblastic carcinoma: A case report and evaluation.

Malignant odontogenic neoplasms are extremely challenging to study due to their rarity and variable clinical presentations. Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is one such odontogenic tumor which has been the subject of controversy, in part because of its scarcity, complicated by confusion in terminology along with complexity in classification. Histologic features of AC resemble tumor cells of ameloblastoma but exhibit cellular atypia.

Supervised, individualised exercise reduces fatigue and improves strength and quality of life more than unsupervised home exercise in people with chronic Guillain-Barré syndrome: a randomised trial.

Question: In people in the chronic phase of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), how much more does a supervised, individualised exercise program improve functional independence with activities of daily living than a home-based exercise program? How do the two exercise programs compare regarding their effects on muscle strength, fatigue, pain and quality of life?

Design: Randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation, intention-to-treat analysis and blinding of outcome assessors.

Participants: Sixteen adults with stable residual disability ≥ 6 months after the onset of GBS.

Intervention: Participants in the experimental group were allocated to 60-minute sessions of physiotherapist-supervised strengthening, endurance and breathing exercises, gait training and pain management, two to three sessions/week for 12 weeks.

The Effect of Photodynamic Therapy on Oral-Premalignant Lesions: A Systematic Review.

Background: Dentists now have access to a wide range of unique treatment methods as a result of substantial scientific and technological breakthroughs in the field of dentistry. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment procedure that use photosensitizers, a specific wavelength of light, and the production of singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill undesired eukaryotic cells (such as oral tumors) and harmful microbes. In several disciplines of dentistry, it is seen as a valid therapeutic option.

Identification of and resistant species in tobacco users and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients: Comparison of HiCrome agar and automated VITEK 2 system.

Introduction: Candida is most common fungal pathogen in the immunocompromised and medically ill patients. Higher prevalence of has been reported in tobacco users and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients which may be due to immunosuppression. Recently, emergence of (NAC) species resistant to conventional antifungal treatment has been observed that requires accurate identification of organisms at species level for reduction of progression of suspicious oral lesions toward malignancy.

Therapeutic effects of green tea as an antioxidant on oral health- A review.

Green tea has protective effects against various diseases such as malignancies, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Green tea has been suggested to promote periodontal health by reducing inflammation, preventing the resorption of bones and restricting the growth of certain periodontal-related bacteria. Green tea has antioxidant, carcinogenic, antimicrobial and non-inflammatory properties.

Multiple fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws: A report of a rare case with a literature review.

Fibro-osseous lesions are a poorly defined category of conditions affecting the jaws and craniofacial bones, and include developmental lesions, reactive or dysplastic lesions, and neoplasms. Fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma are the 2 main types of fibro-osseous lesions affecting the jaw, and ossifying fibroma is a true benign neoplasm of the bone-forming tissues with several well-recognized variants ranging from innocuous to extensively aggressive lesions. However, multiple simultaneous fibro-osseous lesions of the jaw bones involving all quadrants are exceedingly rare.