Decoding the aroma of Rosa canina L.: Chemical composition and gene expression.

Objective: The aromatic profile of Rosa canina L. petals hold immense potential for the fragrance and pharmaceutical industries. This study aims to investigate the chemical composition and gene expression patterns across different floral development stages to uncover the biosynthetic pathways of floral scent.

C-Phycocyanin and Phycocyanobilin as a Novel Adjuvant in Hepatitis B Vaccine.

Background: Vaccine adjuvants are components that enhance immune responses to an antigen. Given the importance of adjuvants, research on novel adjuvants with higher efficacy and fewer adverse effects remains crucial. ( sp.

Challenges in determining the global burden of non-malignant central nervous system tumors: an analysis of international incidence and mortality data sources.

Background: Non-malignant tumors of the CNS contribute substantially to the morbidity and mortality from CNS tumors. It is critical to understand the epidemiology of non-malignant CNS tumors separately from CNS malignancies to inform resource allocation and policy since treatment and prognosis can differ. High quality international data on non-malignant CNS tumor burden are needed to accomplish this goal.

Burden of disease attributable to risk factors: Estimates of the Global Burden of Disease from 1990 to 2021.

Objectives: Analyze the burden of diseases attributable to risk factors (RF) in Brazil according to age, sex, and Brazilian states between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: This study used data from the Global Burden of Disease study 1990 to 2021. The metrics used in this analysis included: mortality rates, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and Summary Exposure Value (SEV).

Artificial intelligence applied to coronary artery calcium scans (AI-CAC) significantly improves cardiovascular events prediction.

Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain valuable information beyond the Agatston Score which is currently reported for predicting coronary heart disease (CHD) only. We examined whether new artificial intelligence (AI) applied to CAC scans can predict non-CHD events, including heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and stroke. We applied AI-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry and calcified plaque characterization to CAC scans (AI-CAC) of 5830 asymptomatic individuals (52.

Methyl jasmonate improves rubber production and quality in Lactuca Serriola.

The increase in demand for natural rubber has led to the search for alternative sources. Lactuca serriola is emerging as a promising candidate, as the quality of the natural rubber it produces is comparable to that of the Pará Rubber Plant, Hevea brasiliensis. This study examines the effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a known elicitor, on the expression of key rubber biosynthesis pathway genes (HMGR1, HMGS1, CPT2, and SRPP1) in the latex of L.

Methyl jasmonate effects on Lactuca serriola L.: Antioxidant defense and bioactive compound changes.

The effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) foliar spray on the activity of antioxidant enzymes-Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and Guaiacol peroxidase (GPX)-along with assessments of total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (IC50), was examined in Prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola L.). The study involved treating plants with three MeJA solutions (0, 200, and 400 µM) and harvesting samples at four distinct time intervals.

Noncommunicable disease burden in Brazil and its states from 1990 to 2021, with projections for 2030.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse the burden of disease due to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) between 1990 and 2021 in Brazil. In addition, this study compared mortality from NCDs with mortality from all causes and COVID-19, analysed NCD mortality trends and projections for 2030, and analysed NCD mortality rates and risk factors attributed to these deaths among the 27 states of Brazil.

Study Design: Ecological studies.

Leprosy in Brazil: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease estimates between 1990 and 2019.

Objective: To analyze the occurrence of leprosy in Brazil and its states between 1990 and 2019, according to Global Burden of Disease (GBD) estimates, and its correlation with development status.

Study Design: A descriptive and analytical ecological epidemiological study.

Methods: Rates of incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLD) due to leprosy, standardized by age, per 100,000 inhabitants, were analyzed.

Mortality due to cervical and breast cancer in health regions of Brazil: impact of public policies on cancer care.

Objective: This analysis assessed the association between regional income, screening coverage for cervical and breast cancer, and temporal trends in mortality from these cancers in different Brazilian health regions.

Study Design: Spatiotemporal ecological study across 450 health regions of Brazil.

Methods: Data from 2010 Demographic Census were used to assess income.

Nutritional value, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant potential of Iranian fenugreeks for food applications.

Fenugreeks (Trigonella L. spp.), are well-known herbs belonging to the family Fabaceae, whose fresh and dried leaves have nutritional and medicinal value.

Investigation of genes involved in scent and color production in Rosa damascena Mill.

Rosa damascena Mill., commonly known as the King Flower, is a fragrant and important species of the Rosaceae family. It is widely used in the perfumery and pharmaceutical industries.

Developing benzylisoquinoline alkaloid-enriched opium poppy via CRISPR-directed genome editing: A review.

Among plant-derived secondary metabolites are benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) that play a vital role in medicine. The most conspicuous BIAs frequently found in opium poppy are morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine, sanguinarine, and noscapine. BIAs have provided abundant clinically useful drugs used in the treatment of various diseases and ailments With an increasing demand for these herbal remedies, genetic improvement of poppy plants appears to be essential to live up to the expectations of the pharmaceutical industry.

Characterization of key genes in anthocyanin and flavonoid biosynthesis during floral development in Rosa canina L.

This study investigates the transition of Rosa canina L. petals from pink to white, driven by genetic and biochemical factors. It characterizes the expression of ten key genes involved in anthocyanin and flavonoid biosynthesis across five developmental stages, correlating gene expression with flavonoid and anthocyanin concentrations and colorimetric changes.

The burden and trends of child and maternal malnutrition across the regions in Ethiopia, 1990-2019: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Introduction: Child malnutrition is the main contributor to the disease burden in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and trends of child malnutrition and maternal anemia in Ethiopia at the national and regional state levels between 1990 and 2019.

Methods: We used all accessible data sources and analyzed prevalence, death, and years of life lost (YLL) due to child malnutrition and maternal anemia across nine regions and two chartered cities in Ethiopia, as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019.

Phylogeography and genetic structure of Papaver bracteatum populations in Iran based on genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS).

Papaver bracteatum, known for its high thebaine content and absence of morphine, has emerged as a promising alternative to opium poppy for codeine production. In this study, our objective was to create a diverse panel representing the natural variation of this species in Iran. To achieve this, we employed genotyping-by-sequencing to obtain genome-wide distributed single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for phylogeographic analysis, population structure assessment, and evaluation of genetic diversity within P.

Fatty acid and nutrient profiles, diosgenin and trigonelline contents, mineral composition, and antioxidant activity of the seed of some Iranian Trigonella L. species.

Background: Fenugreeks (Trigonella L. spp.), belonging to the legume family (Fabaceae), are well-known multipurpose crops that their materials are currently received much attention in the pharmaceutical and food industries for the production of healthy and functional foods all over the world.

Molecular and Phytochemical Characteristics of Flower Color and Scent Compounds in Dog Rose ( L.).

This study delves into the chemical and genetic determinants of petal color and fragrance in L., a wild rose species prized for its pharmacological and cosmetic uses. Comparative analysis of white and dark pink flowers revealed that the former harbors significantly higher levels of total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC), while the latter is distinguished by elevated total anthocyanins (TAC).

AI-enabled Cardiac Chambers Volumetry and Calcified Plaque Characterization in Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) Scans (AI-CAC) Significantly Improves on Agatston CAC Score for Predicting All Cardiovascular Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain valuable information beyond the Agatston Score which is currently reported for predicting coronary heart disease (CHD) only. We examined whether new artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms applied to CAC scans may provide significant improvement in prediction of all cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in addition to CHD, including heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, resuscitated cardiac arrest, and all CVD-related deaths.

Methods: We applied AI-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry and automated calcified plaque characterization to CAC scans (AI-CAC) of 5830 individuals (52.

Culture-based diversity of endophytic fungi of three species of grown in Iran.

A total of 1,348 endophytic fungal strains were isolated from , , and . They included (16 species), (11 species), (1 species), (2 species), (6 species), (31 species), (7 species), (2 species), and (1 species). had the richest species composition of endophytic fungi, and the endophytic fungi were most abundant in their roots compared to shoots.

Modulation of Tropane Alkaloids' Biosynthesis and Gene Expression by Methyl Jasmonate in L.: A Comparative Analysis of Scopolamine, Atropine, and Hyoscyamine Accumulation.

Scopolamine and atropine are two medicinal alkaloids derived from L. with anticholinergic properties. This study explored how methyl jasmonate (MJ), a plant growth regulator, affects the biosynthesis and accumulation of these alkaloids in different plant tissues.

A comprehensive review of the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying gum and resin synthesis in Ferula species.

Ferula spp. are plants that produce oleo-gum-resins (OGRs), which are plant exudates with various colors. These OGRs have various industrial applications in pharmacology, perfumery, and food.