Prediction, prevention and management of gastroesophageal reflux after per-oral endoscopic myotomy: An update.

Achalasia cardia, the most prevalent primary esophageal motility disorder, is predominantly characterized by symptoms of dysphagia and regurgitation. The principal therapeutic approaches for achalasia encompass pneumatic dilatation (PD), Heller's myotomy, and the more recent per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). POEM has been substantiated as a safe and efficacious modality for the management of achalasia.

Management of hepatitis B and C in special population.

Chronic viral hepatitis is one of the leading causes of cirrhosis worldwide. Chronic hepatitis B is more common in the Asia-Pacific region due to the larger population and lower screening availability. Hepatitis C predominates in the west due to injection drug abuse.

Adipocyte Fatty Acid-Binding Protein as a Predictor of Outcome in Alcohol-induced Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure.

Background: Alcohol is the leading cause of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Several severity scores predict the outcome of ACLF. However, there is a lack of simple biomarkers in predicting the outcome of these sick patients.

Genotype distribution in relation to viral load in a large cohort of Indian patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: A retrospective analysis.

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) displays high genetic diversity, characterized by regional variations in the prevalence of genotype posing challenges to the development of vaccines and definitive treatment. Very few reports exist on the distribution and frequency change of HCV genotypes in India. In the present retrospective study, we aimed to understand the distribution pattern of HCV genotypes and viral load among HCV-infected patients attending the Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India, a tertiary care hospital.

Polymorphisms in Gene Predispose South Indians to Pigmentous Gallstones.

Background/objectives: Pigmentous gallstones occur in South Indians despite significant higher levels of circulating cholesterol. This study was conducted to identify the biochemical and/or genetic causes for the formation of pigmentous gallstones in this ethnic group.

Methods: Plasma lipid profile, bile cholesterol, acids, and phospholipid levels were estimated in patients with gall stone disease and age, sex matched controls using standard protocols.

Pooled genetic analysis in ultrasound measured non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Indian subjects: A pilot study.

Aim: To investigate genetic susceptibility in Indian subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by performing a pooled genetic study.

Methods: Study subjects (n = 306) were recruited and categorized into NAFLD and control groups based on ultrasound findings of fatty infiltration. Of the 306 individuals, 156 individuals had fatty infiltration and thus comprised the NAFLD group.

MicroRNA profiling in periampullary carcinoma.

Background: MicroRNA expression patterns in many physiological and oncogenic processes have been established. However, the role of aberrant miRNA expression in periampullary carcinoma (PAC) has not been elucidated. We hypothesize that PAC may have differential expression of miRNAs which may differentiate the tumor histological subtypes.

CYP2C19 polymorphism as a predictor of personalized therapy in South Indian population.

Objectives: To study allelic variants of CYP2C19 gene in South Indians.

Methods: A total of 220 individuals (167 Males and 53 Females) confirmed to be healthy on the basis of their physical examination and laboratory studies were recruited in the study. Genotyping of CYP2C19*2 and *3 polymorphisms was performed by a Polymerase chain reaction-Restriction fragment length polymorphism method.

Visceral adipose tissue visfatin in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Visfatin is a novel adipocytokine predominantly expressed and secreted by visceral adipose tissue. It is realized for its multiple functions of central importance in NAD biosynthesis, innate immunity and inflammation. Its phosphoribosyl transferase activity regulates cellular energetics and NAD dependent enzymes such as SIRTUINS.

Hepatic cholesterol transporter ABCG8 polymorphisms in gallstone disease in an Indian population.

Background And Aim: Gallstone formation is characterized by the abnormal regulation of cholesterol trafficking and solubilization. The prevalence of gallstone disease (GSD) differs between ethnic groups sharing the common environment. These differences can be explained by a genetic predisposition to gallstone formation.