Pseudohypobicarbonatemia caused by an endogenous assay interferent: a new entity.

Serum total carbon dioxide, measured using a chemistry analyzer, and gas panel-derived plasma bicarbonate, calculated from the pH and partial pressure of carbon dioxide, often are used interchangeably for clinical purposes. When they disagree, there is a tendency to accept total carbon dioxide and discredit gas panel-derived plasma bicarbonate values. We report a patient who, during a 5-month hospitalization, had persistently low total carbon dioxide levels (12.

High-dose tirofiban administered as bolus-only during percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Tirofiban administered at a bolus dose of 25 mcg/kg is associated with a higher level of platelet inhibition compared to that associated with the standard 10 mcg/kg tirofiban bolus dose. In our previous study on bolus-only glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibition during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the eptifibatide bolus-only group demonstrated similar efficacy, but significantly fewer bleeding complications compared to the abciximab bolus-only group.

Objective: To compare the in-hospital outcomes of high-dose (25 mcg/kg) tirofiban bolusonly vs.

Very late bare-metal stent thrombosis. A case report and review of the literature.

Stent thrombosis is a catastrophic event characterized by the acute thrombotic occlusion of a previously-stented segment of a coronary artery. It usually presents as an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and/or death, and most commonly occurs within the first several weeks after stent placement. Stent thrombosis is classified as either subacute stent thrombosis (SAT), occurring within 30 days of stent placement, or as late stent thrombosis (LST), occurring after 30 days.

Protease inhibitors modulate apoptosis in mesangial cells derived from a mouse model of HIVAN.

Background: Oxidative stress as well as opiate addiction has been shown to play a role in the development of complications associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

Methods: We studied the occurrence of apoptosis in mesangial cells derived from control (NTrMC) mice and mice transgenic for HIV-1 genes (HTrMC) under basal and morphine-stimulated states (MSS). We evaluated the effect of free radical scavengers and antioxidants on HTrMC apoptosis and production of superoxide under basal and MSS.

Role of oxidative stress and heme oxygenase activity in morphine-induced glomerular epithelial cell growth.

Opiate addiction has been reported to contribute to the progression of renal injury. In addition, opiate addiction is a major risk factor for the development of human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of morphine, an active metabolite of heroin, on glomerular epithelial cell (GEC) growth and the involved molecular mechanism.