Sensing data and methodology from the Adaptive DBS Algorithm for Personalized Therapy in Parkinson's Disease (ADAPT-PD) clinical trial.

Adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) is an emerging advancement in DBS technology; however, local field potential (LFP) signal rate detection sufficient for aDBS algorithms and the methods to set-up aDBS have yet to be defined. Here we summarize sensing data and aDBS programming steps associated with the ongoing Adaptive DBS Algorithm for Personalized Therapy in Parkinson's Disease (ADAPT-PD) pivotal trial (NCT04547712). Sixty-eight patients were enrolled with either subthalamic nucleus or globus pallidus internus DBS leads connected to a Medtronic Percept PC neurostimulator.

Spatiotemporal signal space separation for regions of interest: Application for extracting neuromagnetic responses evoked by deep brain stimulation.

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings are often contaminated by interference that can exceed the amplitude of physiological brain activity by several orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the activity of interference sources may spatially extend (known as source leakage) into the activity of brain signals of interest, resulting in source estimation inaccuracies. This problem is particularly apparent when using MEG to interrogate the effects of brain stimulation on large-scale cortical networks.

Seeing Is Believing: Photon Counting Computed Tomography Clearly Images Directional Deep Brain Stimulation Lead Segments and Markers After Implantation.

Background And Objectives: Directional deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes are increasingly used, but conventional computed tomography (CT) is unable to directly image segmented contacts owing to physics-based resolution constraints. Postoperative electrode segment orientation assessment is necessary because of the possibility of significant deviation during or immediately after insertion. Photon-counting detector (PCD) CT is a relatively novel technology that enables high resolution imaging while addressing several limitations intrinsic to CT.

Deep Brain Stimulation and Levodopa Affect Gait Variability in Parkinson Disease Differently.

Background: Both dopaminergic medication and subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) can improve the amplitude and speed of gait in Parkinson disease (PD), but relatively little is known about their comparative effects on gait variability. Gait irregularity has been linked to the degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN).

Objectives: The STN and PPN have reciprocal connections, and we hypothesized that STN DBS might improve gait variability by modulating PPN function.

Longitudinal changes of early motor and cognitive symptoms in progressive supranuclear palsy: the OxQUIP study.

Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare neurodegenerative condition characterised by a range of motor and cognitive symptoms. Very little is known about the longitudinal change in these symptoms over time. Moreover, the effectiveness of clinical scales to detect early changes in PSP is still a matter of debate.

Pallido-putaminal connectivity predicts outcomes of deep brain stimulation for cervical dystonia.

Cervical dystonia is a non-degenerative movement disorder characterized by dysfunction of both motor and sensory cortico-basal ganglia networks. Deep brain stimulation targeted to the internal pallidum is an established treatment, but its specific mechanisms remain elusive, and response to therapy is highly variable. Modulation of key dysfunctional networks via axonal connections is likely important.

Clinical Outcome of "Asleep" Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson Disease Using Robot-Assisted Delivery and Anatomic Targeting of the Subthalamic Nucleus: A Series of 152 Patients.

Background: Recent advances in methods used for deep brain stimulation (DBS) include subthalamic nucleus electrode implantation in the "asleep" patient without the traditional use of microelectrode recordings or intraoperative test stimulation.

Objective: To examine the clinical outcome of patients who have undergone "asleep" DBS for the treatment of Parkinson disease using robot-assisted electrode delivery.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of clinical outcomes of 152 consecutive patients.

Dopamine and reward hypersensitivity in Parkinson's disease with impulse control disorder.

Impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease are common neuropsychiatric complications associated with dopamine replacement therapy. Some patients treated with dopamine agonists develop pathological behaviours, such as gambling, compulsive eating, shopping, or disinhibited sexual behaviours, which can have a severe impact on their lives and that of their families. In this study we investigated whether hypersensitivity to reward might contribute to these pathological behaviours and how this is influenced by dopaminergic medication.

Two Hundred Twenty-Six Consecutive Deep Brain Stimulation Electrodes Placed Using an "Asleep" Technique and the Neuro|MateTM Robot for the Treatment of Movement Disorders.

Background: Robotics in neurosurgery has demonstrated widening indications and rapid growth in recent years. Robotic precision and reproducibility are especially pertinent to the field of functional neurosurgery. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) requires accurate placement of electrodes in order to maximize efficacy and minimize side effects.

Revisiting the rules for anatomical targeting of ventralis intermediate nucleus.

Indirect targeting of the Ventralis Intermedius Nucleus (Vim) is widely used for functional neurosurgical procedures to treat essential tremor (ET). Here, we review if the laterality of the Vim depends on the diameter of the third ventricle and if a targeting approach that incorporates this correlation can facilitate targeting and yields accurate lead placement. We analyzed 15 consecutive ET patients.