Development of rapid, efficient and cost effective screening technique for testing arecanut against incitant of fruit rot disease.

To accelerate identification of disease resistant arecanut germplasm or hybrids against , it is very much imperative to develop bioassays which could differentiate resistant and susceptible cultivars efficiently. Here, a cost effective and rapid technique, called the "Detached Leaf Assay", was developed to identify resistant germplasm at the seedling stage itself. Zoospore production in highly virulent (P19) was standardized by incubating under a 12 hours light and dark regime.

An innovative approach for estimating energy absorption buildup factors (EABF) with HVL and TVL.

The current study proposes an empirical formula for absorption buildup factors as a function of target thickness. The present formula produces absorption buildup factors of compounds and mixtures with simple inputs of linear attenuation coefficient (μ), tenth value layer (TVL) and half value layer (HVL) of interacting target for the atomic number region 29 < Z < 92 for the energies 0.2 MeV < E < 1.

Mosaic Turner Variant Adult Female Presenting with XO/XY Karyotype.

Turner syndrome (TS) is the most frequently detected chromosomal abnormality in females caused by the partial or complete absence of second X chromosome. Due to varied phenotypical presentation, the diagnosis of TS can create a spectrum of clinical concerns related to morbidity and mortality. At least 10% of Turner females exhibit the presence of Y chromosome or Y-derived sequences.

Improved Pregnancy Outcomes and Endometrial Receptivity by Thawed Frozen Embryo Transfer in Mildly Stimulated Cycles with Letrozole Combined with Estrogen in Women with Unresponsive Thin Endometrium Compared to Standard Endometrial Preparation with Estrogen Alone: A Retrospective Study.

Context: Infertile women undergoing frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles may not show optimal endometrial growth with estrogens alone.

Aim: To evaluate clinical effect of mild stimulation with letrozole and estrogens on endometrial growth in comparison to standard endometrial preparation with oral and topical estrogens in infertile women with unresponsive thin endometrium undergoing FET.

Settings And Design: Retrospective observational case-control study.

Tremor Induced by Cyclosporine, Tacrolimus, Sirolimus, or Everolimus: A Review of the Literature.

Calcineurin inhibitors such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus are immunosuppressant drugs that are known to induce tremors. Non-calcineurin inhibitors such as sirolimus and everolimus have also reportedly been accompanied by tremors, albeit less likely. However, the prevalence rates reported in the literature are notably wide, and the risk profiles for these drug-induced tremors are less understood.

Unravelling the Impact of an Additional Sex Chromosome in an Adult Female.

Women with Triple X syndrome (TXS) appear to be at increased risk for decreased ovarian reserve; however, available data are limited. We present an asyndromic adult female with features of recurrent pregnancy loss and decreased ovarian reserve detected with mosaic Triple X syndrome (TXS). The patient was initially evaluated by a low-cost peripheral blood (PB) conventional karyotyping using standard cytogenetic protocols.

Prevalence of Concomitant Neurological Disorders and Long-Term Outcome of Patients Hospitalized for Intracerebral Hemorrhage with Versus without Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.

Background: Patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) are at increased risk of developing epilepsy and cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and vascular dementia. In a retrospective cohort observation study of patients hospitalized for ICH with CAA versus ICH without CAA, we evaluated the prevalence of neurological comorbidities at admission and the risk of new diagnosis of epilepsy, relevant cognitive disorders, and mortality at 1 year.

Methods: In the TriNetX health research network, adult patients aged ≥ 55 years hospitalized with a diagnosis of ICH were stratified based on presence or absence of concomitant CAA diagnosis.

Imaging features of small vessel disease in cerebral amyloid angiopathy among patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Background And Purpose: Cerebral small vessel disease biomarkers including white matter hyperintensities (WMH), lacunes, and enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS) are under investigation to identify those specific to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). In subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD), we assessed characteristic features and amounts of WMH, lacunes, and ePVS in four CAA categories (no, mild, moderate and severe CAA) and correlated these with Clinical Dementia Rating sum of boxes (CDRsb) score, ApoE genotype, and neuropathological changes at autopsy.

Methods: The study included patients with a clinical diagnosis of dementia due to AD and neuropathological confirmation of AD and CAA in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) database.

Mediation of Reduced Hippocampal Volume by Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Pathologically Confirmed Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Hippocampal atrophy in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) has been reported to be similar to that in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objective: To evaluate if CAA pathology partly mediates reduced hippocampal volume in patients with AD.

Methods: Patients with a clinical diagnosis of AD and neuropathological confirmation of AD+/-CAA in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database were included in the study.

Studies on phytoremediation of chromated copper arsenate (CCA) using Acacia plant species (Fabaceae).

Soils contaminated with elevated levels of toxic heavy metals affect the soil quality. Phytoremediation is one of the constructive methods used in the mitigation of toxic metals from the soil. A pot experiment was performed by application of eight different concentrations of CCA 250, 500, 750, 1,000, 1,250, 1,500, 2,000, and 2,500 mg kg soil to evaluate the efficiency of and in phytoremediation of CCA compounds.

Standard clinical and imaging-based small vessel disease parameters associated with mild stroke versus non-mild stroke.

Background: Mild stroke has variable outcomes, and there is an ongoing debate regarding whether the administration of thrombolytics improves outcomes in this subgroup of stroke patients. Having a better understanding of the features of mild stroke may help identify patients who are at risk of poor outcomes.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the association of clinical and imaging-based small vessel disease features (white matter hyperintensities and cerebral microbleeds) with stroke severity and clinical outcomes in patients with mild stroke.

Kidney impairment and outcomes in acute ischaemic stroke.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased risk of stroke and mortality.

Aims: To evaluate the clinical and imaging features and outcomes of patients with and without kidney impairment among t admitted for acute ischaemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: AIS patients with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included in the study.

Prevalence of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Phenotypes and their Ovulation Response to Sequential Letrozole Dose Escalation among Infertile Women at a Tertiary Care Centre in Southern India.

Background: Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) often have anovulatory infertility requiring ovulation induction with letrozole.

Aims: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and phenotypic categorisation of infertile PCOS women and to assess ovulatory response and pregnancy rates of PCOS phenotypes with sequential letrozole dose escalation.

Study Setting And Design: This was a prospective observational study.

Neurological deterioration and computed tomography perfusion changes with increased time to peak in lacunar stroke.

Objectives: Lacunar strokes can have fluctuations and progression in the acute period leading to poor outcomes. Our study sought to evaluate if, in lacunar strokes, neurological deterioration (ND) was associated with blood pressure (BP) variations, stroke size, or increased time to peak (TTP) on admission computed tomography perfusion (CTP).

Methods: Patients with lacunar stroke who had magnetic resonance imaging and CTP performed were enrolled in the study.

Leveraging Structure-Based Drug Design to Identify Next-Generation MAT2A Inhibitors, Including Brain-Penetrant and Peripherally Efficacious Leads.

Inhibition of the -adenosyl methionine (SAM)-producing metabolic enzyme, methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A), has received significant interest in the field of medicinal chemistry due to its implication as a synthetic lethal target in cancers with the deletion of the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) gene. Here, we report the identification of novel MAT2A inhibitors with distinct properties that may enhance their utility in treating patients. Following a high-throughput screening, we successfully applied the structure-based design lessons from our first-in-class MAT2A inhibitor, , to rapidly redesign and optimize our initial hit into two new lead compounds: a brain-penetrant compound, , and a potent, but limited brain-penetrant compound, .

Recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a propensity-matched case-control study.

Objective: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) can present with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and rarely acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The objective of our study was to compare the readmission rates for recurrent ICH, SAH, and AIS among patients admitted for ICH with and without CAA.

Methods: Using the National Readmissions Database 2016-2018 we identified patients admitted for ICH with and without a concomitant diagnosis of CAA.

Benefits of an interdisciplinary stroke clinic: addressing a gap in physical therapy at post-stroke neurology follow-up.

Background And Purpose: An interdisciplinary stroke clinic (ISC) can improve communication and identify people post-stroke who have not reached their full recovery potential. We describe the characteristics of participants who underwent physical therapy (PT) evaluation in addition to their outpatient neurology evaluation and identify the association of assessment scales that predicted referral for additional rehabilitation.

Methods: Participants' post-stroke seen in the ISC were included in the study.

Association of deep white matter hyperintensity with left ventricular hypertrophy in acute ischemic stroke.

Background And Purpose: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are associated with the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). It is unclear if periventricular WMH (PV-WMH) and or deep WMH (D-WMH) are associated with LVH. We evaluated the association of PV-WMH and D-WMH with common transthoracic echocardiogram abnormalities, including LVH in acute ischemic stroke.

Clinical and Imaging Features Associated with the Utilization of Comfort Measures Only in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Up to 10% of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients can die in the first 30 days. Older age and a higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score are associated with transition to comfort measures only (CMO) in AIS. There are insufficient data on specific stroke etiology, infarct location, or vascular territory for the association of AIS with the use of CMO.

Association of Serum Bilirubin with the Severity and Outcomes of Intracerebral Hemorrhages.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common subtype of stroke, and it is often associated with a high mortality rate and significant morbidity among survivors. Recent studies have shown that bilirubin, a product of heme metabolism, can exhibit cytoprotective, antioxidant and, anti-inflammatory properties. However, little is known about the role of bilirubin in combating several pathophysiological pathways caused by intracerebral bleeding in patients with ICH.

Dystonia as a Presenting Feature of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Hypokinetic and hyperkinetic movement disorders can occur post-stroke. Of these, dystonia is known to occur in the chronic stage of stroke. Rarely, acute dystonia can present as a symptom of acute ischemic stroke or develop during hospitalization for ischemic stroke.

Preclinical Drug Metabolism, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic Profiles of Ivosidenib, an Inhibitor of Mutant Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 for Treatment of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1-Mutant Malignancies.

Point mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 () result in conversion of -ketoglutarate to the oncometabolite, d-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). Ivosidenib is a once daily (QD), orally available, potent, mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (mIDH1) inhibitor approved for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and intensive chemotherapy-ineligible newly diagnosed AML, with a susceptible mutation. We characterized the protein binding, metabolism, metabolites, cell permeability, and drug-drug interaction potential of ivosidenib in humans, monkeys, dogs, rats, and/or mice in in vitro experiments.

Factors associated with the presence of cerebral microbleeds and its influence on outcomes of stroke not treated with alteplase.

Objectives: Cerebral microbleeds (CMB) are associated with increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) of ischemic stroke with alteplase. Whether the presence of CMB influences the risk of HT and discharge outcomes of stroke patients not receiving alteplase is unclear. We evaluated the factors associated with the presence of CMB, and if the rates of HT and discharge outcomes were modified by the presence of CMB among stroke patients not treated with alteplase.

Disparities in diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy based on hospital characteristics.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) categorized as a cerebral small vessel disease can cause lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and ischemic stroke (IS). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in the diagnosis of CAA based on hospital characteristics and to assess the discharge outcomes of patients with CAA admitted for IS, ICH and SAH. Adult patients admitted with secondary diagnosis of CAA were identified in National Inpatient Sample in 2016 and 2017.

Nonabducent Cranial Neuropathies in Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) can rarely present with cranial neuropathies other than abducent nerve palsy. The authors report a case and review the literature for nonabducent cranial neuropathies in CVST.

Case Report: A 22-year-old woman with a history of oral contraceptive use developed right-sided headache, blurred vision, and dizziness for 4 days.