Structure-function studies of a nucleoplasmin isoform from Plasmodium falciparum.

An organized regulation of gene expression and DNA replication is vital for the progression of the complex life cycle of P. falciparum (Pf), involving multiple hosts and various stages. These attributes rely on the dynamic architecture of chromatin governed by several factors, including histone chaperones.

Management of psychological distress in a patient diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma arising from areca nut-induced oral fibrosis.

Patients with oral cancer are more susceptible to emotional and psychological consequences immediately after diagnosis and treatment phase, which may cause depressive disorders. The WHO defines depression as a disorder that lasts at least 2 weeks and is characterised by a person's protracted unhappiness and loss of interest in activities. Patients psychological responses vary widely according to fears of recurrence, coping mechanisms, health beliefs and available financial support.

Expert Opinions on an Optimal Infant Feeding Quantitative Data Framework: A Mixed Methods Delphi-Style Study in the UK.

Background: This study aimed to explore how expert stakeholders involved in research, policy and practice would define an ideal dataset for collecting infant feeding data, to better align efforts to monitor and evaluate breastfeeding across the UK four nations.

Methodology: Using the Delphi method, two phases of consultation were completed with a total of 42 stakeholders. First, qualitative (Round 1) and quantitative (Round 2) surveys were distributed to an interdisciplinary panel of experts, to identify individual-level agreement for key terms and timepoints for data collection relevant to infant age.

Plasmodium berghei HMGB1 controls the host immune responses and splenic clearance by regulating the expression of pir genes.

High mobility group box (HMGB) proteins belong to the high mobility group (HMG) superfamily of non-histone nuclear proteins that are involved in chromatin remodeling, regulation of gene expression, and DNA repair. When extracellular, HMGBs serve as alarmins inducing inflammation, and this is attributed to the proinflammatory activity of box B. Here, we show that Plasmodium HMGB1 has key amino acid changes in box B resulting in the loss of TNF-α stimulatory activity.

Combination Versus Monotherapy for Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Species Serious Infections: A Prospective IPTW Adjusted Cohort Study.

Introduction: International guidelines recommend definitive combination antibiotic therapy for the management of serious infections involving carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter (CRAB) species. The commonly available combination options include high-dose sulbactam, polymyxins, tetracyclines, and cefiderocol. Scanty prospective data exist to support this approach.

Unwarranted intrusion of odontogenic cyst into the maxillary antrum.

During the early growth phase, every individual is involved in a prolonged series of developmental processes in the maxillofacial region. Formation of cysts associated with such three-dimensional growth of the maxillofacial skeleton as well as deciduous and permanent tooth development. The origin of cystic jaw lesions may be odontogenic or non-odontogenic, developmental, or inflammatory and they are epithelial-lined or non-epithelial-lined cysts in nature.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 Affects Learning and Memory in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury.

The L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1) has demonstrated a range of beneficial effects in animal models of spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative disease, and ischemia; however, the role of L1 in TBI has not been fully examined. Mutations in the gene affecting the extracellular domain of this type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein have been identified in patients with L1 syndrome. These patients suffer from hydrocephalus, MASA (mental retardation, adducted thumbs, shuffling gait, aphasia) symptoms, and corpus callosum agenesis.

Novel loss-of-function variants expand ABCC9-related intellectual disability and myopathy syndrome.

Loss-of-function mutation of ABCC9, the gene encoding the SUR2 subunit of ATP sensitive-potassium (KATP) channels, was recently associated with autosomal recessive ABCC9-related intellectual disability and myopathy syndrome (AIMS). Here we identify nine additional subjects, from seven unrelated families, harbouring different homozygous loss-of-function variants in ABCC9 and presenting with a conserved range of clinical features. All variants are predicted to result in severe truncations or in-frame deletions within SUR2, leading to the generation of non-functional SUR2-dependent KATP channels.

Single-Puncture Versus Double-Puncture Technique Arthrocentesis in the Treatment of Internal Derangement of TM Joint-A Comparative Clinical Study.

Introduction: Tempormandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders require early diagnosis with a prompt and effective treatment. Arthrocentesis has been found to be a valuable treatment aid for patients with early stage internal derangement of temporomandibular joints. The use of this procedure has been well documented in literature and had been performed for decades.

Antimalarial activity of MJ Roem aqueous methanolic leaf extract and its antioxidant and phytochemical properties.

Background And Aim: Malaria is a global health issue causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Screening of various traditionally important medicinal plants is a key source for the discovery of new antimalarials. We evaluated the antimalarial and antioxidant activities, and performed detailed phytochemical analyses of MJ Roem aqueous methanolic leaf extract (MLE).

Phytochemical screening, antioxidant analyses, and in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activities of herbal medicinal plant - Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Malaria is a major global health concern that is presently challenged by the emergence of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) resistance to mainstay artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). Hence, the discovery of novel and effective antimalarial drugs is pivotal to treating and controlling malaria. For many years, traditional plant-based herbal medicines have been employed in the treatment of various illnesses.

Self-negligence and awareness among oral precancerous and cancer patients - A cross-sectional questionnaire study.

Background: The National Institute of Health and Family Welfare (NIHFW) reports that India has the highest global prevalence of oral cancers. The incidence is significantly more in developing countries when compared to the developed countries. Early detection is key to increasing the survival rate of the patients.

Distinct evolution of type I glutamine synthetase in Plasmodium and its species-specific requirement.

Malaria parasite lacks canonical pathways for amino acid biosynthesis and depends primarily on hemoglobin degradation and extracellular resources for amino acids. Interestingly, a putative gene for glutamine synthetase (GS) is retained despite glutamine being an abundant amino acid in human and mosquito hosts. Here we show Plasmodium GS has evolved as a unique type I enzyme with distinct structural and regulatory properties to adapt to the asexual niche.

Temporomandibular Joint Replacement Using Stock Alloplastic Graft in the Treatment of Ankylosis: A Case Report.

Introduction: This paper aims to assess the suitability and effectiveness of temporomandibular joint replacement (TMJR) devices to treat a case of re-ankylosis and association of tuberculosis (TB) with reduced mouth opening. Traditional protocols for the treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis have preferred autologous grafts for reconstruction. Usage of TMJR devices have been reserved for very specific conditions.

Significance of Plasmodium berghei Amino Acid Transporter 1 in Food Vacuole Functionality and Its Association with Cerebral Pathogenesis.

The food vacuole plays a central role in the blood stage of parasite development by digesting host hemoglobin acquired from red blood cells and detoxifying the host heme released during hemoglobin digestion into hemozoin. Blood-stage parasites undergo periodic schizont bursts, releasing food vacuoles containing hemozoin. Clinical studies in malaria-infected patients and animal studies have shown the association of hemozoin with disease pathogenesis and abnormal host immune responses in malaria.

Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Recent Update on Targeting Inflammatory Pathways with Natural Anti-Inflammatory Agents.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous category of developmental psychiatric disorders which is characterized by inadequate social interaction, less communication, and repetitive phenotype behavior. ASD is comorbid with various types of disorders. The reported prevalence is 1% in the United Kingdom, 1.

Effects of L1 adhesion molecule agonistic mimetics on signal transduction in neuronal functions.

The L1 cell adhesion molecule plays an essential role in neural development and repair. It is not only a 'lock and key' recognition molecule, but an important signal transducer that stimulates regenerative-beneficial cellular functions such as neurite outgrowth, neuronal cell migration, survival, myelination, and synapse formation. Triggering L1 functions after neurotrauma improves functional recovery.

CHL1-Deficient and Wild-Type Male Mice do Not Differ in Locomotor Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury.

CHL1 is a close homolog of L1, a cell adhesion molecule that plays major roles in neural and tumor cell functions. We had found that young adult female mice deficient in CHL1 recovered better than their wild-type female littermates after thoracic Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). This observation was surprising, because CHL1 increases neurite outgrowth in vitro.

Phytochemical screening, cytotoxicity assessment and evaluation of in vitro antiplasmodial and in vivo antimalarial activities of Mentha spicata L. methanolic leaf extract.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Malaria causes extensive morbidity and mortality, and the decreasing efficacy of artemisinin and its partner drugs has posed a serious concern. Therefore, it is important to identify new antimalarials, and the natural compounds from plants provide a promising platform. Mentha spicata L.

Malaria parasite heme biosynthesis promotes and griseofulvin protects against cerebral malaria in mice.

Heme-biosynthetic pathway of malaria parasite is dispensable for asexual stages, but essential for mosquito and liver stages. Despite having backup mechanisms to acquire hemoglobin-heme, pathway intermediates and/or enzymes from the host, asexual parasites express heme pathway enzymes and synthesize heme. Here we show heme synthesized in asexual stages promotes cerebral pathogenesis by enhancing hemozoin formation.

Retroperitoneal blue cell round tumor (Ewing sarcoma in a 35 years old male)- case report.

Introduction: Ewing sarcoma is a highly aggressive tumor. It's common presentation is primary bone tumor, but very rarely as soft tissue sarcoma both of which are under the spectrum of Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (EFT).

Case Presentation: A 35 years old male who presented with advanced locally spreading tumor.

Antagonistic L1 Adhesion Molecule Mimetic Compounds Inhibit Glioblastoma Cell Migration In Vitro.

Cell adhesion molecule L1 is a cell surface glycoprotein that promotes neuronal cell migration, fosters regeneration after spinal cord injury and ameliorates the consequences of neuronal degeneration in mouse and zebrafish models. Counter-indicative features of L1 were found in tumor progression: the more L1 is expressed, the more tumor cells migrate and increase their metastatic potential. L1's metastatic potential is further evidenced by its promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, endothelial cell transcytosis and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy.