Ru(IV)-Ru(IV), Ru(III)-Ru(IV), and Ru(III)-Ru(III) complexes having a sulfato bridging ligand on the doubly oxido-/hydroxido-bridged core, and their crystallographic and electronic structures.

The Ru(IV,IV), Ru(III,IV), and Ru(III,III) complexes with the doubly oxido- and/or hydroxido-bridged diamond core {Ru(μ-O(H))}, bridged by an η:η:μ-type bidentate sulfato ligand, [{Ru(L)}(μ-O)(μ-OSO)] ( = 1: [III,IV]; = 2: [IV,IV]), [{Ru(L)}(μ-O)(μ-OH)(μ-OSO)] ([III,IV_1H]), and [{Ru(L)}(μ-OH)(μ-OSO)] ([III,III_2H]) (L = ethylbis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine), were synthesised as ClO-salts, and their crystal and electronic structures investigated. The corresponding hydrogencarbonato-bridged Ru(III,III) complex, [{Ru(L)}(μ-OH)(μ-OCOH)] ([III,III(HCO3)_2H]), was also prepared and its crystallographic and electronic structures compared to those of the sulfato-bridged system, [III,III_2H]. All the sulfato-bridged complexes isolated were confirmed in the Pourbaix diagram, wherein the redox potential was plotted as a function of pH.

Food Preference Assessed by the Newly Developed Nutrition-Based Japan Food Preference Questionnaire and Its Association with Dietary Intake in Abdominal-Obese Subjects.

Background/objectives: Understanding food preferences is important for weight management. However, methods for assessing food preferences are not well established, especially in Japan. This study aimed to examine detailed food preferences and their associations with actual food intake in non-obese and abdominal-obese subjects using a newly developed questionnaire tailored for the Japanese population.

Associations between muscle quality and whole-body vibration exercise-induced changes in plasma hypoxanthine following an oral glucose load in healthy male subjects.

Blood levels of hypoxanthine (HX) have been suggested as potential biomarkers associated with intramuscular metabolic dynamics in response to exercise. This pilot randomized crossover trial (UMIN000036520) aimed to investigate the changes in plasma HX after whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE) and their relationships with body composition and muscle-related parameters, enrolling eighteen healthy male volunteers. In the WBVE-alone intervention, the study subjects performed 20-min of WBVE.

Large Language Models in Dental Licensing Examinations: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction And Aims: This study systematically reviews and conducts a meta-analysis to evaluate the performance of various large language models (LLMs) in dental licensing examinations worldwide. The aim is to assess the accuracy of these models in different linguistic and geographical contexts. This will inform their potential application in dental education and diagnostics.

Soluble T-cadherin secretion from endothelial cells is regulated via insulin/PI3K/Akt signalling.

Aim And Objective: Our recent report showed that soluble T-cadherin promotes pancreatic beta-cell proliferation. However, how and where the secretion of soluble T-cadherin is regulated remain unclear.

Methods And Results: Soluble T-cadherin levels significantly increased in leptin receptor-deficient db/db mice with hypoinsulinaemia or in wild-type mice treated with insulin receptor blockade by S961.

Pyrazine-Coordinated Dinuclear and Mononuclear Ruthenium Complexes Formed via the Conversion of the Triply Chlorido-Bridged Diruthenium(II) Complex.

The pyrazine-coordinated dinuclear and mononuclear ruthenium complexes were synthesized through the framework conversion reactions of the triply chlorido-bridged diruthenium(II) complex [{Ru(bbpma)}(μ-Cl)] (bbpma; benzylbis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine, []) in the presence of pyrazine, which could function as the simple molecular multinucleation ligand of metal compounds. A reduction reaction of -[RuCl(bbpma)] with zinc in the presence of hydrochloric acid afforded [] in solution, and the following addition of pyrazine (1 equiv) in the solution led to the formation of a singly pyrazine (pz)-bridged diruthenium complex, [{Ru(μ-ClZnCl)(bbpma)}(μ-pz)] ([]). The stoichiometric two-electron oxidation of [] was successfully proceeded, and a Ru(III)-Ru(III) species, [{RuCl(bbpma)}(μ-pz)](PF) ([,](PF)), was isolated.

Distinct binding modes of a benzothiazole derivative confer structural bases for increasing ERK2 or p38α MAPK selectivity.

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) and p38α MAP kinase (p38α MAPK), regulate various cellular responses. ERK2 is a drug target for treating many diseases, such as cancer, whereas p38α has attracted much attention as a promising drug target for treating inflammatory disorders. ERK2 is a critical off-target for p38α MAPK and vice versa.

Pharmacological HIF-1 activation upregulates extracellular vesicle production synergistically with adiponectin through transcriptional induction and protein stabilization of T-cadherin.

Pharmacological activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a hypoxia-responsive transcription factor, has attracted increasing attention due to its efficacy not only in renal anemia but also in various disease models. Our study demonstrated that a HIF-1 activator enhanced extracellular vesicle (EV) production from cultured endothelial cells synergistically with adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived factor, through both transcriptional induction and posttranscriptional stabilization of an adiponectin binding partner, T-cadherin. Increased EV levels were observed in wild-type mice but not in T-cadherin null mice after consecutive administration of roxadustat.

Correlation between plasma glutamate and adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Visceral fat accumulation is a major determinant of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have reported that glutamate is the most elevated amino acid in the plasma amino acid profile in patients with obesity and/or visceral fat accumulation. Here, we show the relationship between plasma glutamate and the clinical features of patients with type 2 diabetes.

HSP47 levels determine the degree of body adiposity.

Adiposity varies among individuals with the influence of diverse physiological, pathological, environmental, hormonal, and genetic factors, but a unified molecular basis remains elusive. Here, we identify HSP47, a collagen-specific chaperone, as a key determinant of body adiposity. HSP47 expression is abundant in adipose tissue; increased with feeding, overeating, and obesity; decreased with fasting, exercise, calorie restriction, bariatric surgery, and cachexia; and correlated with fat mass, BMI, waist, and hip circumferences.

Low entropic cost of binding confers high selectivity on an allosteric ERK2 inhibitor.

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), plays an essential role in physiological cellular processes and is a drug target for treating cancers and type 2 diabetes. A previous in silico screening study focusing on an allosteric site that plays a crucial role in substrate anchoring conferred an ERK2 inhibitor (compound 1). In this report, compound 1 was found to show high selectivity toward ERK2 compared with the nearest off-target p38α MAPK, and the crystal structure revealed that compound 1 binds to the allosteric site of ERK2.

Comparison of the incidence of fetal prolonged deceleration after induction of labor analgesia between dural puncture epidural and combined spinal epidural technique: a pilot study.

Background: Abnormal cardiotocogram (CTG) tracing may appear after induction of neuraxial labor analgesia. Non-reassuring fetal status (NRFS) indicated by severely abnormal tracings, such as prolonged deceleration (PD) or bradycardia, can necessitate immediate operative delivery. Combined spinal epidural analgesia (CSEA) is known to result in more frequent abnormal tracings than epidural analgesia (EA); however, the corresponding data related to dural puncture epidural (DPE) are unclear.

Ru(IV)-Ru(IV) complexes having the doubly oxido-bridged core with a bridging carbonato or hydrogencarbonato ligand.

Ru(IV)-Ru(IV) complexes having the doubly oxido-bridged diamond core with a bridging carbonato or hydrogencarbonato ligand, [{Ru(ebpma)}(μ-O)(μ-OCO(H))]X (ebpma; ethylbis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine, = 0; [IV,IV]X (X = PF, ClO), = 1; [IV,IV_1H](ClO)), were isolated the oxidation of the corresponding carbonato-bridged Ru(III)-Ru(IV) complex ([III,IV]), and "[IV,IV](ClO) and [IV,IV_1H](ClO)" were structurally characterized. The electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of [IV,IV] and [IV,IV_1H] were investigated both in organic solvents and aqueous solutions. The reactivity toward organic solvents having (a) methyl group(s) and reactions with organic substrates were studied as well.

Unique ligand and kinase-independent roles of the insulin receptor in regulation of cell cycle, senescence and apoptosis.

Insulin acts through the insulin receptor (IR) tyrosine kinase to exert its classical metabolic and mitogenic actions. Here, using receptors with either short or long deletion of the β-subunit or mutation of the kinase active site (K1030R), we have uncovered a second, previously unrecognized IR signaling pathway that is intracellular domain-dependent, but ligand and tyrosine kinase-independent (LYK-I). These LYK-I actions of the IR are linked to changes in phosphorylation of a network of proteins involved in the regulation of extracellular matrix organization, cell cycle, ATM signaling and cellular senescence; and result in upregulation of expression of multiple extracellular matrix-related genes and proteins, down-regulation of immune/interferon-related genes and proteins, and increased sensitivity to apoptosis.

Leucine-973 is a crucial residue differentiating insulin and IGF-1 receptor signaling.

Insulin and IGF-1 receptors (IR and IGF1R) are highly homologous and share similar signaling systems, but each has a unique physiological role, with IR primarily regulating metabolic homeostasis and IGF1R regulating mitogenic control and growth. Here, we show that replacement of a single amino acid at position 973, just distal to the NPEY motif in the intracellular juxtamembrane region, from leucine, which is highly conserved in IRs, to phenylalanine, the highly conserved homologous residue in IGF1Rs, resulted in decreased IRS-1/PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling and increased Shc/Gab1/MAPK cell cycle signaling. As a result, cells expressing L973F-IR exhibited decreased insulin-induced glucose uptake, increased cell growth, and impaired receptor internalization.

Conformations of Three Types of Ultra-Long-Chain Fatty Acids in Multicomponent Lipid Bilayers.

Ultra-long-chain fatty acids (ULCFAs) are biosynthesized in certain types of tissues, but their biological roles remain unknown. Here, we report how the conformation of ULCFAs depends on the length and unsaturated-bond ratio of the ultra-long chains and the composition of the host bilayer membrane using molecular dynamics simulations. The ultra-long chain of ULCFAs flips between the two leaflets and fluctuates among three conformations: elongated, L-shaped, and turned.

Comparative analysis of p-terphenylquinone and seriniquinone derivatives as reactive oxygen species-modulating agents.

Quinones are widespread in plants, animals, insects, and microorganisms. Several anticancer agents contain quinone structures as critical parts to show remarkable potential and distinctive modes of actions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the structure-activity relationships of microbial quinones and their derivatives as anticancer agents.

Adjuvant atezolizumab in Japanese patients with resected stage IB-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (IMpower010).

The global phase 3 IMpower010 study evaluated adjuvant atezolizumab versus best supportive care (BSC) following platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with resected stage IB-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we report a subgroup analysis in patients enrolled in Japan. Eligible patients had complete resection of histologically or cytologically confirmed stage IB (tumors ≥4 cm)-IIIA NSCLC.

N-C bond formation between two anilines coordinated to a ruthenium center in -form affording a 3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diimine moiety.

Ruthenium complexes containing two anilines or its derivatives, -[Ru(NHCH)(bpy)] ([1]) and -[Ru(NHCH(4-CH))(bpy)] ([2]), were oxidized by four molar equivalents of (NH)[Ce(SO)]·2HO to give -phenylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diimineruthenium(ii) complexes, -[Ru(HCH CH)(bpy)] ([4]) and -[Ru(HCH(4-CH)CH(4-CH))(bpy)] ([5]), respectively, through an N-C bond formation between two aniline ligands -coordinated to the ruthenium center.

Validation of video analysis of marker-less barbell auto-tracking in weightlifting.

We determined the marker-less barbell auto-tracking accuracy using the Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT) algorithm in a digital video for two-dimensional analysis (2D-AT). The position coordinates of the barbell's right end during multiple loads (60%-90% of one-repetition maximum) of snatch motion in eight participants were recorded using a three-dimensional motion capture system. Simultaneously, the snatch motion was recorded by a digital camera from the right side.

Identification of a novel target site for ATP-independent ERK2 inhibitors.

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) controls vital physiological processes involving proliferation and differentiation and is a drug target molecule for many diseases such as cancers. In silico screening focusing on an allosteric site that plays a crucial role in substrate anchoring conferred an ERK2 inhibitor (compound 1). However, a competitive binding assay indicated that compound 1 did not bind to the allosteric site.