Isolated Fallopian Tube Torsion in a 14-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Isolated fallopian tube torsion (IFTT) is a rare cause of surgical emergency and is difficult to diagnose. We present a case of IFTT in a 14-year-old girl who presented with an acute abdomen. Based on the clinical and computed tomographic findings, an initial diagnosis of ovarian torsion was considered.

Outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural drainage for postoperative peripancreatic fluid collection with an external drainage-based approach.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural drainage (EUS-TD) is widely performed to treat postoperative peripancreatic fluid collection (POPFC). Recent reports on EUS-TD lack a consensus on stent selection. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of EUS-TD for POPFC using an external drainage-based approach.

The outcome of late open conversion after endovascular abdominal aortic repair.

Background: Endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair (EVAR) offers a less invasive approach to treating abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) compared to open repair. However, EVAR is associated with higher rates of reintervention. This study investigates the early and mid-term outcomes of patients who underwent late open conversion including aneurysmorrhaphy after EVAR at our institution.

Pre-ribosomal WDR74 module coordinates the early and late pre-rRNA processing stages for the NVL2-mediated regulation of 60S ribosome biogenesis.

WD repeat domain 74 (WDR74) is a nucleolar protein involved in the early stages of pre-60S maturation in the ribosome biogenesis pathway. In later stages, WDR74 interacts with MTR4, an RNA helicase that functions with the exosome nuclease complex, and is dissociated upon ATP hydrolysis by the chaperone-like nuclear VCP-like 2 (NVL2) AAA-ATPase. We previously reported that ATP hydrolysis-defective NVL2 causes aberrant accumulation of WDR74 on the MTR4-exosome complex at the nucleolar periphery and in the nucleoplasm and that this nuclear redistribution of WDR74 leads to the unusual cleavage of the early rRNA precursor within the internal transcribed spacer 1 sequence.

Predictive factors for first dose reduction and interruption of lenvatinib after beginning of the standard dose in Japanese patients with thyroid cancer.

Purpose: The associations between first dose reduction or interruption by side effects and lenvatinib plasma trough concentration (C) after administration of a starting dose of 24 mg in 70 Japanese patients with thyroid cancer were evaluated.

Methods: Plasma samples were collected each week for 1 month and at the first incidence of side effects leading to dose reduction or interruption after beginning administration of 24 mg lenvatinib.

Results: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.

Effects of the Japanese Kampo Medicines Rikkunshito, Shakuyakukanzoto and Goreisan on Lenvatinib Plasma Concentrations in Japanese Patients with Thyroid Cancer.

Background: Kampo medicines are often used in Japan as therapy for the side effects induced by oral kinase inhibitors. However, the pharmacokinetic interactions between Kampo medicines and oral kinase inhibitors such as lenvatinib have not been studied.

Objective: We investigated the effects of Kampo medicines (rikkunshito, shakuyakukanzoto and goreisan) on the steady-state plasma trough concentration (C) of lenvatinib in patients with thyroid cancer.

Transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy: Can nonexperts match the outcomes of experts?

Background: Nonexpert endoscopists cannot achieve high-quality performance during difficult biliary cannulation, representing a significant challenge; precutting is an effective approach for managing these cases. Transpancreatic biliary sphincterotomy (TPBS) is considered more effective than needle-knife precutting owing to its wire-guided technique, which may be suitable for nonexpert endoscopists; however, comparisons between nonexpert and expert endoscopists performing TPBS are not well documented.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent TPBS between January 2010 and April 2024 were evaluated.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition for focal liver lesions can be safely performed in patients with ascites.

In patients with ascites, percutaneous liver biopsy is generally contraindicated. Because endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) allows tissue sample obtention from the digestive tract lumen, a biopsy without the intervention of ascites may prevent adverse events (AEs). This study aimed to evaluate the safety of EUS-TA for focal liver lesions in the presence of ascites.

The outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition for small focal liver lesions measuring ≤2 cm.

Objectives: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) for focal liver lesions has gained attention as an alternative to percutaneous biopsy. Although the outcomes of EUS-TA for focal liver lesions have been reported to be favorable, no studies have focused on small focal liver lesions (≤2 cm). The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of EUS-TA for small focal liver lesions (≤2 cm).

Management of follicular thyroid carcinoma.

Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common histological type of thyroid carcinoma. This review aims to summarize the available evidence and guidelines and provide an updated consensus regarding the management of FTC. The cytoarchitectural features of FTC are similar to those of follicular adenoma (FA), and it is difficult to preoperatively distinguish between FA and FTC.

Benefits of endoscopic gallbladder stenting following percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage.

Background: Endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage is challenging because of the complexity of the procedure and high incidence of adverse events (AEs). To overcome these problems, endoscopic gallbladder stenting (EGBS) after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) can be effective, as it mitigates inflammation and adhesion.

Aim: To examine the benefits of EGBS after PTGBD to assess its efficacy and impact on AEs.

Active surveillance vs. surgery in low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients and the risk of loss to follow-up.

Background: Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) management has evolved, with active surveillance (AS) gaining prominence as a management option. However, a key concern for both clinicians and patients is the potential for patient loss to follow-up during AS.

Aims: This study aimed to determine adherence and loss-to-follow-up rates in low-risk PTMC patients undergoing AS versus surgical intervention, in order to gain insights into clinical pathways and safety profiles.

Efficacy and safety of uncovered self-expandable metal stents for distal malignant biliary obstruction in unresectable non-pancreatic cancer.

Objectives: The efficacy of uncovered self-expandable metal stents (UCSEMS) versus fully covered self-expandable metal stents for distal malignant biliary obstruction remains controversial. Additionally, the heterogeneity of the disease conditions has been indicated in previous studies because pancreatic and non-pancreatic cancers have different characteristics in clinical course. Therefore, the etiology of biliary obstruction necessitates investigations stratified by primary disease.