Purely Endoscopic Subtemporal Keyhole Approach for Trigeminal Schwannomas: Surgical Techniques and Early Results.

Background And Objectives: In the past, microscopic transcranial approach was the mainstay of treatment of trigeminal schwannomas. In recent years, several endoscopic procedures have been reported for trigeminal schwannomas. For trigeminal schwannomas arising around the Meckel cave, we introduced a fully endoscopic procedure with a small temporal craniotomy in June 2020 and have performed radical tumor removal as in the conventional approach.

Usefulness of driver's eye movement measurement to detect potential risks under combined conditions of taking second-generation antihistamines and calling tasks.

Background: Concerns persist regarding the potential reduction in driving performance due to taking second-generation antihistamines or performing hands-free calling. Previous studies have indicated a potential risk to driving performance under an emergency event when these two factors are combined, whereas a non-emergency event was operated effectively. Currently, there is a lack of a discriminative index capable of detecting the potential risks of driving performance impairment.

Association between chronic kidney disease stages and changes in ambulatory blood pressure monitoring parameters.

Introduction: Blood pressure (BP) assessment affects the management of arterial hypertension (AH) in chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD patients have specific patterns of BP behavior during ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the associations between progressive stages of CKD and changes in ABPM.

The strong anti-hyaluronidase effect of ellagic acid markedly decreases polyspermy during in vitro fertilization, resulting in sustainment of the developmental potency in porcine oocytes.

The present study investigated the effects of ellagic acid, a type of polyphenol that does not have a glycan and is composed of four hydroxyl groups and two lactone functional groups, on porcine in vitro fertilization (IVF) by focusing on its anti-hyaluronidase activity. A comparative analysis of ellagic acid and apigenin, which is commonly used as a hyaluronidase inhibitor, was performed. It compared the effects of ellagic acid and apigenin on hyaluronidase activity at different concentrations.

Potential risk of driving performance under combined conditions of taking second-generation antihistamines and attending calls using a hands-free function.

Objective: Although second-generation antihistamines have reduced sedation-related side effects compared to first-generation antihistamines, sedation may still impair motor vehicle driving performance. Moreover, receiving/making phone calls using a hands-free function can negatively affect driving performance. Therefore, herein, driving performance was evaluated using a driving simulator to gain insights into the hazards of driving by combining second-generation antihistamines and a calling task, i.

A Case of Bilateral Papilledema With Improved Clinical Symptoms by Venous Stenting for Superior Sagittal Sinus Stenosis.

Superior sagittal sinus (SSS) obstruction causes intracranial hypertension, often requiring surgical stenting. Consensus on treating brain venous sinus stenosis, another cause, is lacking. This study reports a case of SSS stenosis and intracranial hypertension treated with venous stenting, improving bilateral papilledema.

The transcriptional changes underlying the flowering phenology shift of Arabidopsis halleri in response to climate warming.

Climate warming is causing shifts in key life-history events, including flowering time. To assess the impacts of increasing temperature on flowering phenology, it is crucial to understand the transcriptional changes of genes underlying the phenological shifts. Here, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of genes contributing to the flowering phenology shifts in response to increasing temperature by monitoring the seasonal expression dynamics of 293 flowering-time genes along latitudinal gradients in the perennial herb, Arabidopsis halleri.

Learning and predicting the unknown class using evidential deep learning.

In practical deep-learning applications, such as medical image analysis, autonomous driving, and traffic simulation, the uncertainty of a classification model's output is critical. Evidential deep learning (EDL) can output this uncertainty for the prediction; however, its accuracy depends on a user-defined threshold, and it cannot handle training data with unknown classes that are unexpectedly contaminated or deliberately mixed for better classification of unknown class. To address these limitations, I propose a classification method called modified-EDL that extends classical EDL such that it outputs a prediction, i.

Surgical Strategy in Modification of the Transpetrosal Approach to Avoid Postoperative Venous Complications: A Report of 74 Consecutive Cases.

Background: The transpetrosal approach is a complex skull base procedure with a high risk of complications, particularly caused by injury of the venous system. It is in part related to variability of blood outflow pathways and their distinctive patterns in each individual patient.

Objective: To evaluate outcomes and complications after skull base surgery with use of the petrosal approach modifications, which selection was based on the detailed preoperative assessment of venous drainage patterns.

Antifreeze protein type III addition to freezing extender comprehensively improves post-thaw sperm properties in Okinawan native Agu pig.

Sperm cryopreservation often leads to physical cell damage through ice crystal formation. This study evaluates the improvements to freezing extender cryoprotective activity due to antifreeze protein (AFP) addition, which primarily acts on ice crystal formation, through investigating the post-thaw sperm properties of Okinawan native Agu pig. Six individual boar sperm samples were diluted with the freezing extender supplemented with 1 μg/mL of AFP I or AFP III and then subjected to cryopreservation.

Visualization of Resected Area in Endonasal Endoscopic Approach versus Transcranial Approach for Skull Base Meningiomas by Voxel-Based-Lesion Mapping.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the resected area of endonasal endoscopic approach (EEA) and transcranial approach (TCA) for skull base meningiomas (SBMs) using voxel-based-lesion mapping and visualized the appropriate tumor location in each approach.

Methods: We retrospectively examined 182 patients with SBMs who underwent tumor resection in our hospital between 2014 and 2019. Pre- and post-operative SBMs were manually delineated on MRI to create the voxels-of-interest (VOI and VOI) and were registered onto the normalized brain (normalized VOI and normalized VOI).

Maximum 11C-methionine PET uptake as a prognostic imaging biomarker for newly diagnosed and untreated astrocytic glioma.

This study aimed whether the uptake of amino tracer positron emission tomography (PET) can be used as an additional imaging biomarker to estimate the prognosis of glioma. Participants comprised 56 adult patients with newly diagnosed and untreated World Health Organization (WHO) grade II-IV astrocytic glioma who underwent surgical excision and were evaluated by 11C-methionine PET prior to the surgical excision at Osaka City University Hospital from July 2011 to March 2018. Clinical and imaging studies were retrospectively reviewed based on medical records at our institution.

Morphological and molecular evidence reveals three new species of (Fagaceae) from Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park, Vietnam.

Three new species, Ngoc & Tagane, Ngoc & Yahara, and Ngoc & Binh are described from Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park, Central Highland of Vietnam. Morphological analyses and Maximum likelihood tree based on genome-wide SNPs support the distinction of those species from the previously known taxa in the region. The three new species are considered to be endemic to the Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park and the preliminary conservation status for each species is evaluated as Critically Endangered.

A cross-scale approach to unravel the molecular basis of plant phenology in temperate and tropical climates.

Plants have evolved to time their leafing, flowering and fruiting in appropriate seasons for growth, reproduction and resting. As a consequence of their adaptation to geographically different environments, there is a rich diversity in plant phenology from temperate and tropical climates. Recent progress in genetic and molecular studies will provide numerous opportunities to study the genetic basis of phenological traits and the history of adaptation of phenological traits to seasonal and aseasonal environments.

Minimal anterior and posterior combined transpetrosal approach for large petroclival meningiomas.

Objective: Petroclival meningiomas (PCMs) remain difficult to remove, and radical tumor resection continues to pose a relatively high risk of neurological morbidity in patients with these lesions because of the proximity of the tumor to neurovascular structures. The anterior and posterior combined (APC) transpetrosal approach allows resection of a large petroclival lesion with minimal retraction of the temporal lobe. However, this approach is thought to be complex and time-consuming.

Diagnostic Performance of [C]Methionine Positron Emission Tomography in Newly Diagnosed and Untreated Glioma Based on the Revised World Health Organization 2016 Classification.

Background: The relationship between uptake of amino acid tracer with positron emission tomography (PET) and glioma subtypes/gene status is still unclear.

Objective: To assess the relationship between uptake of [C]methionine using PET and pathology, IDH (isocitrate dehydrogenase) mutation, 1p/19q codeletion, and TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase) promoter status in gliomas.

Methods: The participants were 68 patients with newly diagnosed and untreated glioma who underwent surgical excision and preoperative [C]methionine PET examination at Osaka City University Hospital between July 2011 and March 2018.

Changes in cognitive function after resection of lesions in the anterior part of the lateral ventricle via an interhemispheric transcallosal approach.

Anterior callosotomy to about 20 mm has been considered relatively safe empirically. The present study aimed to compare cognitive function before and after resection of tumors in the anterior part of the lateral ventricle. We analyzed 6 patients with intraventricular tumors located in the anterior horn or body of the lateral ventricle who underwent surgical excision via interhemispheric transcallosal approach at Osaka City University Hospital between March 2015 and August 2018.

Quantitative comparison of flowering phenology traits among trees, perennial herbs, and annuals in a temperate plant community.

Premise: Flowering phenology may differ among life forms due to the costs and benefits to attract pollinators, dependence on outcross pollination, and resource availability in their habitats. However, few studies have compared flowering phenology among life forms within a community and described flowering phenology at the individual, species, and community levels.

Methods: We recorded flowering events for individuals of insect-pollinated trees, perennial herbs, and annuals from spring to summer of 2016 and 2017 in a warm-temperate forest in Japan.

Spheno-Orbital Meningioma: Surgical Outcomes and Management of Recurrence.

Objective: Spheno-orbital meningioma (SOM) is a rare intracranial tumor that arises at the sphenoid wing, extends into the orbit, and is associated with hyperostosis of the sphenoid bone. These tumors often invade important neurovascular structures around the orbital apex, superior orbital fissure, and cavernous sinus. Aggressive tumor removal could achieve acceptable control; however, residual tumor can regrow.

Evaluation of fast-acting bactericidal activity and substantivity of an antiseptic agent, olanexidine gluconate, using an ex vivo skin model.

Purpose: We assessed the fast-acting bactericidal activity and substantivity of olanexidine gluconate (OLG) to investigate its remaining bactericidal activity on the skin after rinsing and drying by using an ex vivo Yucatan micropig (YMP) skin model.

Methodology: The fast-acting bactericidal activity was evaluated in pigskin models inoculated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE), Acinetobacter baumannii, Corynebacterium minutissimum and Cutibacterium acnes. To evaluate substantivity, the YMP skin piece first had 1.

Sympathetic Plexus Schwannoma of Carotid Canal: 2 Cases with Surgical Technique and Review of Literature.

Carotid sympathetic plexus schwannomas are rare, and only 3 cases have been reported to the best of our knowledge. We report the fourth and fifth cases and define its origin on the basis of the exact division of the plexus from which the tumor arises. The surgical approach and technique in each variety and the postoperative outcome are also described.