HEPATITIS-B VACCINATION STATUS AND KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF HIGH RISK HEALTH CARE WORKER ABOUT BODY SUBSTANCE ISOLATION.

Background: HBV infection is occupational risk for health care worker (HCW). They play an important role in dissemination of hepatitis B in society. This study aimed to assess Hepatitis B vaccination status of high transmitter risk group and their knowledge attitude and practice regarding Body substance Isolation.

Camellia sinensis Mediated Enhancement of Humoral Immunity to Particulate and Non-particulate Antigens.

The most common drinking beverage in large portion of the world is Camellia sinensis (green tea). In the present study, we evaluated the adjuvant effect of green tea and tea polyphenols to particulate and non-particulate antigens. BALB/c mice were immunized with particulate and non-particulate antigens.

Antibacterial activity in spices and local medicinal plants against clinical isolates of Karachi, Pakistan.

Context: Development of resistance in human pathogens against conventional antibiotic necessitates searching indigenous medicinal plants having antibacterial property. Twenty-seven medicinal plants used actively in folklore, ayurvedic and traditional system of medicine were selected for the evaluation of their antimicrobial activity for this study. Eleven plants chosen from these 27 are used as spices in local cuisine.

Microbial contamination of raw meat and its environment in retail shops in Karachi, Pakistan.

Background: This study was conducted to examine the frequency of contamination in retail meat available in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methodology: Raw meat samples (250) and surface swabs (90) from meat processing equipment and the surrounding environment were analyzed for microbiological contamination.

Results: Out of 340 samples, 84% were found to be contaminated with bacterial species, including Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.

Modulation of humoral immunity by Cassia fistula and amoxy-cassia.

Immonomodulatory effect of fruit of C fistula, a traditional medicinal plant and its synergistic antimicrobial combination with amoxicillin named Amoxy-cassia (Patent # 1371240, Government of Pakistant) studied on humoral immune system of BALB/c mice. Animal immunized with sheep RBC and treated with C. fistula fruit, amoxycassia, amoxicillin and saline Number of activated anti-SRBC producing cell in spleen calculated by haemolytic plaque assay.

Activity of synergistic combination Amoxy-cassia against Salmonella.

The object of this study was to formulate new, cost effective anti-microbial combination for Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica Serover Typhi (SEST) based on the synergistic activity of amoxicillin with the aqueous fruit solution of Cassia fistula (CFF), a medicinal plant found in Pakistan which when tested alone have weak antimicrobial activity against blood isolates of MDR SEST. MIC of MDR SEST for amoxicillin and CFF alone was 750 microg/ml and 3750 microg/ml. The MIC of amoxicillin in combination with CFF was 23.