Haematopathology of 'Sjögren-mice': histopathological changes in spleens after semiallogeneic cell transfer.

Haematopoietic transplantation chimeras may be readily produced in adult mice, using F1-hybrids of selected inbred strains as recipients and mice from one of the parental strains as donors. We transplanted spleen cells from BALB/c donors into nonirradiateded F1-hybrids of BALB/c and CBA/H-T6. Both female and male recipients developed a primary Sjögren's syndrome-like exocrinopathy without signs of kidney disease.

Proton irradiation of malignant uveal melanoma. A five year follow-up of patients treated in Uppsala, Sweden.

Twenty patients with malignant uveal melanoma were treated at the The Svedbergh cyclotron in Uppsala from 1989 to 1991. Each tumour received a total dose of 54.6 Gy in four equal fractions on four following days.

Photoreceptor allografts in a feline model of retinal degeneration.

Background: Photoreceptor transplants provide a potential means to restore function in a degenerate retina and/or rescue degenerating host photoreceptors by trophic influences. We have examined photoreceptor allografts in the Abyssinian cat model of hereditary photoreceptor degeneration to determine the viability and influence of such transplants on the host retina.

Methods: Small pieces of 3- to 5-day-old normal kitten retina containing undifferentiated photoreceptors were injected into the subretinal space of adult Abyssinian cats at an early stage of retinal degeneration using standard vitreo-retinal surgical techniques.

Increased accuracy in MR diagnosis of uveal melanoma by carbohydrate loading. A simple method that reflects rapid metabolic change.

Purpose: To evaluate patients with clinically diagnosed uveal melanoma.

Material And Methods: Forty-eight consecutive patients were examined with spin-echo (SE) and fast spin-echo (FSE) MR sequences that utilized glucose-fructose enhancement together with a subtraction technique on a 1.5 T unit.

Long-term follow-up of proton irradiated malignant melanoma by glucose-fructose enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

MR imaging is frequently used to diagnose uveal melanomas due to the characteristic short T2 relaxation time. T2 may be significantly prolonged within 2 h after ingestion of glucose and fructose due to changed water distribution in the melanoma. This method is used to follow melanomas for up to 6 years after proton beam irradiation.

Insulin receptors in human ocular tissues. Immunohistochemical demonstration in normal and diabetic eyes.

The alpha- and beta-subunits of the insulin receptor have been localised in human eyes by immunohistochemistry. In the normal eye staining for both receptor subunits was distinct at the same sites of the anterior part of the eye, i.e.

Recurrence of malignant melanoma after irradiation diagnosed by glucose-fructose enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Two patients who had been given ruthenium plaque treatment for uveal melanoma were MR examined due to suspected recurrence. Spin-echo sequences were applied using a 1.5 T equipment.

Cranio-orbital teratoma.

A new-born baby presented with a large, rapidly growing tumour. The tumour involved the right orbit, the anterior half of the right intracranial space and extended through the skull of the temporal region. The proptotic eye ruptured due to exposure.

Effects of fructose on D-[6-3H]-glucose uptake and sorbitol metabolism of bovine retina in vitro.

In order to study the influence of fructose on sorbitol formation, bovine retinal tissue was incubated with different concentrations of glucose and fructose, and supplemented with tracer amounts of D-[6-3H]-glucose. Combining high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with radioactivity determinations allowed detection of sorbitol and fructose derived from glucose in the incubation medium. In addition, the total amount of sorbitol was measured with a sensitive bioluminescence method.

Increased lenticular aldose reductase activity and high incidence of congenital cataract in the offspring of diabetic rats.

In previous experimental studies we have found a 47% incidence of congenital cataracts among the fetuses of manifestly diabetic (MD) rats, and 4% of the offspring of normal (N) rats. The aim of the present study was to clarify the role of the sorbitol shunt in the pathogenesis of this congenital defect. Light microscopical evaluation of the fetal lenses revealed excessive formation of vacuoles in offspring of MD rats compared to N offspring.

Facial nerve enhancement in Bell's palsy demonstrated by different gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques.

Twenty-one patients with an acute complete peripheral facial palsy, Bell's palsy, were examined by medium- and high-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. Three contrast techniques were used: intravenous gadolinium; oral carbohydrate and intravenous gadolinium; and gadolinium, carbohydrate, and readministration of gadolinium. Three to 22 days after the onset of palsy, 12 of the 21 patients demonstrated ipsilateral facial nerve enhancement, most consistently in the meatal region, which is indicative of an inflammatory reaction.

Bioluminescence analysis of NAD(P)H and NAD(P)+ preventing mutual interference by selective nucleotide destruction and enhanced specific light emission.

Improved bioluminescence analysis of pyridine nucleotides has been designed based on the fact that the luminescence intensity expresses the velocity of the light formation. The bacterial luciferase system is, in principle, composed of two reactions with two different velocities, one for energy supply by the oxidation of NAD(P)H and the other for the subsequent light generation. The rate setting can be arranged such that an emission maximum is produced 30 to 40 s after mixing the sample with the light-yielding solution, hence providing for a convenient analytical performance.

Concomitant changes in MR image and morphology induced by glucose and fructose in B16 mouse melanomas.

The short proton relaxation times in the MR images of malignant melanomas make them different from most other tumors. We have previously shown that the T1 and T2 signals may be significantly influenced when the water distribution of the tumor is changed in vivo and in vitro. In the present work T1 and T2 were estimated and compared with the electron microscopy picture in subcutaneously implanted B16 melanomas in mice.

Influence of glucose, fructose and aldose reductase inhibition on retinal sorbitol metabolism.

The sorbitol shunt has been studied in bovine retinal tissue at incubation times from 1 to 24 h. It was shown that an elevated glucose concentration (22 mM) of the medium was accompanied by a slight increase in sorbitol content already after 3 h. At longer incubation times, but lower glucose concentration (11.

Changes in MR of malignant melanomas induced by glucose and fructose. A clinical and experimental investigation.

MR imaging has been performed on malignant melanomas in vitro and in vivo. Changes of the water content in an enucleated malignant melanoma in vitro were followed by significant changes of the T1 and T2 values. In mice with implanted subcutaneous melanoma similar changes could be obtained after injection of glucose and fructose intraperitoneally.

The narrow proton beam therapy unit at the the Svedberg Laboratory in Uppsala.

The synchrocyclotron at the The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL) in Uppsala is now reconstructed and can presently operate with fixed frequency and proton energies up to 100 MeV. A first treatment room with a narrow proton beam unit for therapy of eye tumours is now in operation. Therapy of eye melanomas started in April, 1989 and during 1989 and 1990, 19 patients were treated with 72 MeV protons.

Effects of long-term chloroquine exposure on the phospholipid metabolism in retina and pigment epithelium of the mouse.

The influence of 6 month's treatment of normal mice with chloroquine on neuroretina and retinal pigment epithelium has been investigated biochemically and morphologically. All classes of neuroretinal phospholipids, except lysophosphatidylcholine, showed increased 14C-glucose incorporation after chloroquine treatment. No metabolic changes were observed in the pigment epithelium after the chloroquine treatment.

DNA replication in transplanted and endogenous pancreatic islets of obese-hyperglycemic mice at different stages of the syndrome.

It was the aim of the present study to examine, at different stages of the obese-hyperglycemic syndrome, rates of islet-cell DNA replication in endogenous pancreatic and grafted islets of such mice. For this purpose obese-hyperglycemic mice were given an islet transplant prepared from lean mice under the kidney capsule. Two weeks later the animals were given an IP injection of 3H-thymidine one hour before being killed.

Design of coupled reactions for simplification of bioluminescence analysis.

Luminescence analysis may be applied to many substances by arranging a prior reaction producing a species entering the light-emitting reaction. Under favourable conditions the two consecutive reactions are carried out simultaneously as a one-step procedure. In a bioluminescence assay, luciferase stability is frequently a problem, making it desirable to develop analytical schemes where the analytical response becomes largely independent of any impaired luciferase activity.

Influence of sorbitol accumulation on growth and development of embryos cultured in elevated levels of glucose and fructose.

Day-9 rat embryos, cultured for 48 hours in 67 mmol/l D-glucose, showed impaired growth, increased malformation rate and elevated concentration of sorbitol compared to embryos cultured in medium without additional glucose supplement. Supplementing the high-glucose cultures with an aldose reductase inhibitor markedly decreased the sorbitol levels without affecting the malformations or the retarded growth of the embryos. Since embryos cultured in 6.

Sorbitol metabolism in retina studied in vitro.

A new method is described which allows study of the retinal sorbitol metabolism in vitro. Bovine retinal tissue was incubated in tissue culture medium for 24 h and after this time showed only small morphological changes. The sorbitol content doubled at a glucose level of 5.

Scleral reinforcement by a teflon graft and a tissue adhesive.

Expanded patches of polytetrafluoroetylen, teflon (Impra) together with a tissue adhesive (cyanoacrylate) have been used to reinforce the scleral wall. The material has been used in 3 different trials on animals in periods up to 8 months. The histological analysis showed that the material was well accepted.

Sorbitol metabolism in the retina, optic nerve, and sural nerve of diabetic rats treated with an aldose reductase inhibitor.

Sorbitol concentration has been measured in retina, optic, and sural nerve of normal, diabetic, and aldose reductase inhibitor-treated diabetic rats. The sural nerve displayed significantly higher sorbitol content than the retina and the optic nerve both in control animals and in diabetic animals. In the sural nerve the response to treatment with an aldose reductase inhibitor was more marked than in the two other tissues.

Optic nerve involvement in a case of methanol poisoning.

The eyes and optic nerves were studied histologically in a fatal case of methanol poisoning in a 37-year-old man. The most striking findings were bilateral central necrosis of the optic nerves from behind the lamina cribrosa to the orbital apex. Proximal parts of the nerve and the tract showed no necrosis.

Sorbitol in aortic endothelium of diabetic rats.

Sorbitol metabolism of the endothelial cells of the aorta has been studied in normal and alloxan diabetic rats by the aid of a new time- and gradient governed elution method. In the normal rats the amount of sorbitol was small whereas in the diabetic animals the content was significantly increased (p less than 0.001).