Genome-Wide Association Study of Rice Diversity Panel Reveals New QTLs for Tolerance to Water Deficit Under the Egyptian Conditions.

Drought has a significant impact on rice yield by restricting the crop's ability to grow and develop. Producing rice cultivars adapted to water deficit conditions is still the main interest of rice breeders and geneticists. To address this challenge, a set of 413 highly diverse rice populations were evaluated under normal and water deficit conditions for two growing seasons of 2021 and 2022.

Exploring Genetics by Environment Interactions in Some Rice Genotypes across Varied Environmental Conditions.

Rice production faces challenges related to diverse climate change processes. Heat stress combined with low humidity, water scarcity, and salinity are the foremost threats in its cultivation. The present investigation aimed at identifying the most resilient rice genotypes with yield stability to cope with the current waves of climate change.

Impacts of kinetin implementation on leaves, floral and root-related traits during seed production in hybrid rice under water deficiency.

Background: Water deficit is one of the most significant abiotic factors affecting rice and agricultural production worldwide. In hybrid rice, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is an important technique for creating high-yielding crop based on heterosis. The phytohormone kinetin (Kin) regulates cell division in plant during the early stages of grain formation, as well as flow assimilation and osmotic regulation under water stress.

Microscopic Study of Mechanoreceptors and Chemoreceptors of Anterior and Posterior Ends of Toxocara Canis Using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Light Microscope.

The present study investigated the fine structure of amphids and phasmids, cuticle, muscles, and digestive tracts of Toxocara canis using optical and electron microscopy, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, and other specific stains. A number of 38 adult T.canis worms were obtained from the animal shelter of Urmia, and their small intestines were fixated in acidified formal alcohol and 10% formalin solutions.

Morphologic and molecular analysis of species from Iranian native sheep.

is a worldwide parasitic disease of ruminants which affects the liver. In this current study, the phylogenic pattern of species in Iranian native sheep from three different geographical regions was investigated by investigating a 520 bp fragment of mitochondirial NAD1 gene. The analysis of the NAD1 oligo nucleotide sequences from 10 (GenBank accession numbers: MG889399 to MG889408) revealed few non-significant differences, suggesting limited application for NAD1 gene as a biomarker for study of genetic variation in .

Vertical Transmission of a Nematode from Female Lizards to the Brains of Their Offspring.

Parasites have evolved a diversity of lifestyles that exploit the biology of their hosts. Some nematodes that parasitize mammals pass via the placenta or milk from one host to another. Similar cases of vertical transmission have never been reported in avian and nonavian reptiles, suggesting that egg laying may constrain the means of parasite transmission.

New Potent 5α- Reductase and Aromatase Inhibitors Derived from 1,2,3-Triazole Derivative.

This work describes the utility of pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde as starting material for the synthesis of a novel potent series of 5α-reductase and aromatase inhibitors derived from 1,2,3-triazole derivative. Condensation of with active methylene and different amino pyrazoles produced the respective Schiff bases -, and . On the other hand, was reacted with ethyl cyanoacetate and thiourea in one-pot reaction to afford the pyrazolo-6- thioxopyridin-2-[3]-one ().

Evidence of morphine like substance and μ-opioid receptor expression in (Nematoda: Ascaridae).

(Nematoda: Ascaridae) is an intestinal nematode parasite of dogs, which can also cause disease in humans. Transmission to humans usually occurs because of direct contact with eggs present in soil contaminated with the feces of infected dogs. This nematode has extraordinary abilities to survive for many years in different tissues of vertebrates, and develop to maturity in the intestinal tract of its definitive host.

The European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus), as a reservoir for helminth parasites in Iran.

From April 2009 to December 2011, 44 dead hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) were collected incidentally from areas of Urmia, Iran. The overall prevalence of helminth infections was 95.0%.

Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) as a Source of Ectoparasites in Urban-suburban Areas of Northwest of Iran.

Background: Hedgehogs are small, nocturnal mammals which become popular in the world and have important role in transmission of zoonotic agents. Thus, the present study aimed to survey ectoparasite infestation from April 2010 to December 2011 in urban and suburban parts of Urmia and Tabriz Cities, Northwest of Iran.

Methods: A total number of 84 hedgehogs (40 females and 44 males) were examined.

First ultrastructural observations on gastritis caused by Physaloptera clausa (Spirurida: Physalopteridae) in hedgehogs (Erinaceus europeaus).

Ultrastructural changes of gastritis due to infection with Physaloptera clausa in 12 fresh carcasses of euthanized European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) collected from different part of Urmia, Iran, in which they were highly populated with this animal, six females and six males were subjected to detail necropsy with special reference to the stomach. Macroscopic changes of stomach were recorded and some of the worms collected. Based on number of parasites present in the stomach, they were divided into light infection, mild infection, and severe infection.

Tegumental ultrastructure of adult Quinqueserialis quinqueserialis (Trematoda: Notocotylidae): an intestinal parasite of muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus).

Ten adult Quinqueserialis quinqueserialis specimens were removed from the intestine of a naturally infected muskrat, and scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphological characteristics of the trematodes. The mature trematode, which was easy to recognize by the monostome holdfast organ, with no anterior cone, measured 2200-2500 μm in length by 900-1050 μm in width. The body was elongated and tapering at the anterior end, but the posterior end was rounded, and in some specimens was slightly truncated.

Macroscopic and microscopic examination of pulmonary Crenosoma striatum in hedgehog.

The aim of study was to necropsy and histopathology evaluation of lung Crenosoma striatum in hedgehog. In July 2012, 10 porcupines were collected from Urmia city and transferred to parasitology lab of the veterinary faculty where they were euthanized by ketamine (over 40-90 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. In this study the lungs were assessed through naked eyes regarding parasite presence upon washing.

Molecular systematics of pinniped hookworms (Nematoda: Uncinaria): species delimitation, host associations and host-induced morphometric variation.

Hookworms of the genus Uncinaria have been widely reported from juvenile pinnipeds, however investigations of their systematics has been limited, with only two species described, Uncinaria lucasi from northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) and Uncinaria hamiltoni from South American sea lions (Otaria flavescens). Hookworms were sampled from these hosts and seven additional species including Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus), California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), South American fur seals (Arctocephalus australis), Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus), New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri), southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina), and the Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus). One hundred and thirteen individual hookworms, including an outgroup species, were sequenced for four genes representing two loci (nuclear ribosomal DNA and mitochondrial DNA).

Ectoparasitic infestations of the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) in Urmia city, Iran: First report.

Hedgehogs are small, nocturnal mammals that become popular in the world and have significant role in transmission of zoonotic agents. Some of the agents are transmitted by ticks and fleas such as rickettsial agents. For these reason, a survey on ectoparasites in European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) carried out between April 2006 and December 2007 from different parts of Urmia city, west Azerbaijan, Iran.

Scanning electron microscopy observations of the hedgehog stomach worm, Physaloptera clausa (Spirurida: Physalopteridae).

Background: Physaloptera clausa (Spirurida: Physalopteridae) nematodes parasitize the stomach of the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) and cause weight loss, anorexia and gastric lesions. The present study provides the first morphological description of adult P. clausa from the stomachs of infected hedgehogs, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

A survey on helminthic infection in mice (Mus musculus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus) in Kermanshah, Iran.

Parasitic infections of rodents can compromise scientific research as well as the health of the animals and humans. Based on previous studies, infection rate of parasitic helminths is different in various regions of Iran. The current survey was aimed to determine endoparasitic helminths infection in 138 trapped rodents of Kermanshah county, Iran.

Ultrastructural characterization of male and female Physaloptera rara (Spirurida: Physalopteridae): feline stomach worms.

Physaloptera rara (Spirurida: Physalopteridae) has been found in dogs, coyotes, raccoons, wolves, foxes, cats, and bobcats in North America. The parasites' developmental cycles involve insects, including beetles, cockroaches, and crickets, as intermediate hosts. The nematodes firmly attach to the wall of the stomach and duodenum, where they feed on the mucosa and suck blood.

New insights into morphological features of Hadjelia truncata (Spirurida: Habronematidae), as revealed by SEM.

Hadjelia truncata (Spirurida: Habronematidae) is a nematode found in the gizzard of several avian species. However, it has been reported pathogenic only in pigeons (Columba livia), in which it causes severe ventriculitis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the morphological aspects of adult worms of this nematode in detail.

Parasitic ventriculitis caused by Hadjelia truncata in California rock pigeons (Columba livia).

Severe ventriculitis and emaciation caused by the infestation of the nematode Hadjelia truncata occurred in meat-type breeder rock pigeons (Columba livia) in southern and central California. Hadjelia truncata can infest several species of birds, although it has only been reported as pathogenic in pigeons. The factors that contribute to H.

Morphological characterization of adult Fascioloides magna (Trematoda: Fasciolidae): first SEM report.

Five adult Fascioloides magna specimens were recovered from the livers of naturally infected calves from Texas, USA. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphological characteristics of the trematodes. These mature flukes measured 35-100 mm in length by 15-25 mm in width and had an oval dorsoventrally flattened body, with no anterior cone.

Structural restoration of nematodes and acanthocephalans fixed in high percentage alcohol using DESS solution and rehydration.

Ninety-five percent ethanol is the most widely used field and laboratory preservative for nematodes and other helminth specimens intended for use in molecular systematics. Preservation of nematodes in high-concentration alcohols results in structural dehydration artifacts, including shrinkage and body surface distortions sufficient to obscure features required for morphological identification and analysis, thereby compromising precise morphometrics. However, treating dehydrated nematodes using a solution of DMSO, disodium EDTA, and NaCl, followed by rehydration in water produces marked improvements in specimen shape and surface features, resulting from diffusion of water into the tissues and pseudocoelom as the internal salt concentration is reduced.

An Echinococcus multilocularis coproantigen is a surface glycoprotein with unique O-gycosylation.

A major surface constituent of Echinococcus multilocularis adult worms, referred to as an EmA9 antigen, was immunoaffinity purified and identified as a high-molecular-weight glycoconjugate. Labeling studies using the monoclonal antibody MAbEmA9 indicated that this antigen undergoes a regulated expression during the development from the larval to the adult parasite. Chemical modification of carbohydrate by periodate oxidation resulted in a reduced reactivity with antigen-specific antibodies.

The comparative morphology of three equine habronematid nematodes: SEM observations.

Drashia megastoma Rudolphi, 1819, Habronema muscae Carter, 1861 and Habronema microstoma Schneider, 1866 are found in the stomach of equine definitive hosts and are known to cause pathogenic effects in the stomach wall, skin, eye and occasionally other sites. These nematodes utilise either house flies or stable flies as their intermediate hosts. Apart from molecular findings that have demonstrated some of the differences between H.