The association of micro and macro worries with psychological distress in people living with chronic kidney disease during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Psychological distress can be exacerbated by micro (personal) and macro (societal) worries, especially during challenging times. Exploration of this relationship in people with chronic kidney disease is limited.

Objectives: (1) To identify the types and levels of worries concerning people with chronic kidney disease in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) to explore the association of worries with psychological distress including depression, stress, anxiety, and health anxiety.

Patient activation and psychological coping strategies to manage challenging circumstances during the COVID-19 pandemic in people with kidney disease.

Background: Coping with health problems requires some degree of self-management; however, an individual's ability to self-manage can be threatened during challenging times, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Exploring differences and changes in psychological well-being and coping strategies between those with low and high patient activation may inform appropriate interventions to support psychological coping.

Methods: People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (non-dialysis and transplant) were recruited from 11 hospital sites across England between August and December 2020.