Production analysis of broiler farming in central Punjab, Pakistan.

This study examined the analysis of personal and production performance of broiler farming in 10 cities of central Punjab (Lahore, Sheikhupura, Kasur, Okara, Sargodha, Sahiwal, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Nankana, and Kamalia) of Pakistan. These districts are densely populated and renowned for broiler production. Primary data were collected through a survey of 100 poultry farmers.

Endoscopic treatment of upper tract transitional cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To review the current literature and data describing primary endoscopic treatment of upper tract transitional cell carcinoma (TCC).

Materials And Methods: Published, peer-reviewed articles on ureteroscopic, percutaneous, and laparoscopic treatment of upper tract TCC were identified using the MEDLINE database.

Results: Nephroureterectomy has been considered the "gold standard" for upper tract TCC.