Robotic versus laparoscopic versus open nephrectomy for live kidney donors.

Background: Waiting lists for kidney transplantation continue to grow. Live kidney donation significantly reduces waiting times and improves long-term outcomes for recipients. Major disincentives to potential kidney donors are the pain and morbidity associated with surgery.

Detailed analysis of patient-reported lower urinary tract symptoms and effect on quality of life after robotic radical prostatectomy.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate short- to medium-term patient-reported lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and their effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using validated questionnaires in a large cohort of patients following robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) for prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: HRQoL and LUTS outcomes were prospectively assessed in 357 consecutive men undergoing RARP at a single center from 2012 to 2015 using the functional assessment of cancer therapy-prostate (FACT-P) and the international consultation on incontinence modular questionnaire-male LUTS (ICIQ-MLUTS). Questionnaires were administered at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months.

Positive surgical margins and biochemical recurrence following minimally-invasive radical prostatectomy - An analysis of outcomes from a UK tertiary referral centre.

Background: Positive surgical margins are a strong prognostic marker of disease outcome following radical prostatectomy, though prior evidence is largely from a PSA-screened population. We therefore aim to evaluate the biochemical recurrence in men with positive surgical margins (PSM) after minimally-invasive radical prostatectomy (MIRP) in a UK tertiary centre.

Methods: Retrospective study of men undergoing laparoscopic or robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy between 2002 and 2014.

Early surgical outcomes and oncological results of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: a multicentre study.

Objective: To describe a multicentre experience of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) in northern England, with focus on early surgical outcomes and oncological results.

Patients And Methods: All consecutive patients undergoing RAPN at four tertiary referral centres in northern England in the period 2012-2015 were included for analysis. RAPN was performed via a transperitoneal approach using a standardized technique.

Feasibility study of a randomized controlled trial comparing docetaxel chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy with sequential prostatic biopsies from patients with advanced non-castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background And Objective: Sequential tissue biopsies taken during clinical trials of novel systemic anticancer therapies for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) may aid pharmacodynamic evaluation and biomarker discovery. We conducted a single institution phase-II open-labeled randomized study to assess the safety, tolerability, and early efficacy of docetaxel chemotherapy plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) vs. ADT alone for patients with advanced non-castration-resistant PCa with sequential prostatic biopsies.

Renal differentiation from adult spermatogonial stem cells.

There is considerable interest in the use of multi-potent stem cells in kidney tissue regeneration. We studied if spermatogonial stem cells have the ability to undergo kidney differentiation. Spermatogonial stem cell differentiation was induced using in vitro and ex vivo co-culture techniques.

Physiologic and anesthetic considerations in octogenarians undergoing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.

The number of small renal tumors detected is increasing as imaging becomes both more available and advanced, and as the population ages, with a greater proportion of patients in their 80s emerging with small and treatable renal tumors. The technique of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is emerging and becoming ever more popular in some centers, and is potentially a safer alternative for the elderly due to improved postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay with faster return to preoperative activities, and lower rates of morbidity and mortality. We present a systematic review of the physiologic and anesthetic considerations in octogenarians undergoing the procedure, highlighting special considerations and the need for expertise throughout the multidisciplinary team when dealing with these patients, in order to minimize risk and optimize outcome.

Incidental metastatic endocrine tumor diagnosed at laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and bilateral lymph node dissection.

The introduction and expansion of laparoscopic and robotic radical retropubic prostatectomy (LRRP and RRRP) for organ-confined prostate cancer have led to an increase in pelvic lymphadenectomy specimens. Extended lymph node dissection (eLND) involves removing nodes over the obturator fossa, external ileac vessels as well as the internal iliac and increases the number of nodes examined. This has the potential to increase incidental nonprostatic nodal pathology identified in prostatectomy specimens.

Laparoscopic versus open nephrectomy for live kidney donors.

Background: Waiting lists for kidney transplantation continue to grow and live organ donation has become more important as the number of brain stem dead cadaveric organ donors continues to fall. The major disincentive to potential kidney donors is the pain and morbidity associated with open surgery.

Objectives: To identify the benefits and harms of using laparoscopic compared to open nephrectomy techniques to recover kidneys from live organ donors.

Radical renal surgery (laparoscopic and open) in octogenarians.

Aim: An ageing population is at significant risk of developing of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We evaluate our units experience in managing RCC in octogenarians using either laparoscopic or open radical nephrectomy, highlighting the postoperative complication rates and survival outcomes.

Materials And Methods: From June 2001 to June 2008, 65 octogenarians underwent a radical nephrectomy for suspected renal cell carcinoma.

Use of haemostatic agents and glues during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: a multi-institutional survey from the United States and Europe of 1347 cases.

Objectives: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) is a technically challenging procedure for the management of renal tumours. Major complications of LPN include bleeding and urine leakage. Haemostatic agents (HAs) and/or glues may reduce haemorrhage and urine leakage.

Prospective study comparing three-dimensional computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating the renal vascular anatomy in potential living renal donors.

Objective: To prospectively compare the accuracy of multislice spiral computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in evaluating the renal vascular anatomy in potential living renal donors.

Subjects And Methods: Thirty-one donors underwent multislice spiral CTA and gadolinium-enhanced MRA. In addition to axial images, multiplanar reconstruction and maximum intensity projections were used to display the renal vascular anatomy.

The effect of inadequate in situ perfusion in the non heart-beating donor.

In situ aortic perfusion in the nonheart-beating donors (NHBD) is an important procedure to reduce primary warm ischaemic injury prior to formal donor organ retrieval. It allows an interim period to obtain donor family consent and theatre preparation. This study describes our experience of inadequate aortic perfusions resulting from difficult aortic cannulations and associated adverse outcome despite reasonable viability tests.

Comparison of laparoscopic and open donor nephrectomy: UK experience.

Unlabelled: A comparison of laparoscopic and open donor nephrectomy is presented by authors from the UK. They found that the laparoscopic approach could safely be offered to patients treated in experienced units and after adequate training fo the surgeon, with no increase in complications or decrease in efficacy.

Objective: To compare our early experience of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) with a contemporary cohort of conventional open donor nephrectomy (ODN).

Graft function after kidney transplantation from non-heartbeating donors according to maastricht category.

Purpose: Donor shortages have led to some groups using alternative sources such as non-heartbeating donors (NHBDs). Kidneys from NHBDs suffer from warm ischemia at cardiac arrest which is reflected by acute tubular necrosis of the allograft, resulting in a period of delayed graft function. NHBDs are categorized by the circumstances surrounding the agonal events of death which reflect differences in the likelihood of ischemic injury to the kidney.