F-box protein FBXO41 suppresses breast cancer growth by inducing autophagic cell death through facilitating proteasomal degradation of oncogene SKP2.

F-box proteins form SCF (Cullin1, SKP1 and F-box-protein) ubiquitin ligase complexes to ubiquitinate cellular proteins. They play key role in several biological processes, including cell cycle progression, cellular signaling, stress response and cell death pathways. Therefore, deregulation of F-box proteins is closely associated with cancer progression.

F-box protein FBXO41 plays vital role in arsenic trioxide-mediated autophagic death of cancer cells.

Arsenic trioxide (ATO), a potent anti-neoplastic drug, is known to prevent cancer cell growth through induction of autophagic cell death. However, importance of cellular factors in ATO-mediated autophagic cell death is poorly understood. In this study, using biochemical and immunofluorescence techniques, we show that F-box protein FBXO41 plays a critical role in anti-proliferative activity of ATO.

Axillary Thermometry Demonstrates Greater Reliability Compared With Rectal Thermometry in Healthy Neonates.

Rectal thermometry (RT) is considered the gold standard for measuring temperature in newborns, despite increasing use of temporal artery thermometry (TT) and axillary thermometry (AT) methods. Few prospective studies compare RT, TT, and AT in a newborn nursery setting. To determine the accuracy and reliability of these methods, we enrolled 205 healthy, full-term newborns.

Persistence of solitary mammary carcinoma cells in a secondary site: a possible contributor to dormancy.

Tumors can recur years after treatment, and breast cancer is especially noted for long periods of dormancy. The status of the cancer during this period is poorly understood. As a model to study mechanisms of dormancy, we used murine D2.

Activated ras regulates the proliferation/apoptosis balance and early survival of developing micrometastases.

Mutant, activated ras oncogenes are found in many human cancers. Experimental studies have shown that Ras enhances metastatic ability in several cell types. However, the biological mechanisms by which Ras contributes to metastasis remain poorly understood.

Critical steps in hematogenous metastasis: an overview.

Metastasis is responsible for most cancer deaths. A better understanding of the process provides opportunities to develop new treatments to prevent metastasis. This article summarizes findings from experimental in vivo videomicroscopy and quantitative studies on metastatic inefficiency, which indicate that early steps in hematogenous metastasis may be quite efficient, but that regulation of cancer cell growth in secondary sites determines metastatic outcome.

Temporal progression of metastasis in lung: cell survival, dormancy, and location dependence of metastatic inefficiency.

Cancer metastasis is an inefficient process. The steps in metastasis responsible for this inefficiency and how metastatic inefficiency can vary in different locations within an organ remain poorly understood. B16F10 cells were injected to target mouse lung, and at sequential times thereafter we quantified in lung the time course of: (a) overall cell survival and metastatic development; and (b) local cell survival and growth with respect to the lung surface and specific interior structures.

Soft tissue sarcomas: ultrasonographic evaluation of local recurrences.

Objective: The diagnosis of early local recurrence of soft tissue sarcomas, especially in those treated with surgery and radiotherapy, is a difficult clinical problem. Financial constraints led us to use ultrasonography instead of CT or MR imaging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of ultrasonography (US) in detecting local recurrence.

Filtration and agar embedding applied to fine needle aspirates for tumor diagnosis by electron microscopy. A combined technique.

Objective: To develop a novel method for processing of fine needle aspirates subjected to electron microscopic (EM) study.

Study Design: Included 70 cases of poorly differentiated malignant tumors in which a definitive diagnosis was not possible on light microscopic (LM) examination and that thus required application of an ancillary technique such as FNA/EM, for diagnosis. We have established a novel method of processing, a technique of filtration through nylon mesh filters to eliminate red blood cells (RBCs) and necrotic debris, followed by agar well embedding to avoid loss of diagnostic material during processing without centrifugation at later steps after agar embedding, thus minimizing the time required for processing.

Sezary cells with hairy projections.

A case of sezary syndrome where the sezary cells showed cytoplasmic hairy projections is reported. The patient had typical exfoliative erythematous dermatitis, high white cell count, atypical lymphocytes of T-phenotype with folded nuclei and bone marrow involvement. The ultra structure study showed cerebriform nucleus and cytoplasmic projections.

Survival of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of therapy at Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay, India.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcome of patients who completed therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and to study the role of an aggressive induction regimen in preventing post therapy relapses. Four hundred and twenty-two patients with ALL who completed therapy during the period 1975-1991 were followed. Two hundred and sixty patients received the aggressive MCP 841 protocol and 162 patients received various other less aggressive treatment regimens.

Cost effective treatment of osteogenic sarcoma of the extremities.

In an ongoing trial at our institute 10 patients of high grade osteogenic sarcoma of the extremities have been treated with preoperative chemotherapy including ifosfamide 2 mg/M2/day i.v. for 5 days, doxorubicin 20 mg/M2/day i.

Adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of an aggressive regimen in India.

A total of 42 adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were treated with an aggressive induction/consolidation chemotherapy (MCP-841) between June 1986 and December 1991. 32 patients (76.19%) achieved complete remission at the end of induction.

Myelodysplastic syndrome. A clinical and pathological analysis of 88 patients.

Eighty eight patients with myelodysplastic syndromes were studied to determine the clinical and pathological features and the prognosis. All the patients had anemia. Neutropenia was seen in 44% and thrombocytopenia in 78% patients.

High incidence of meningeal leukemia in lymphoid blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Fifteen patients with lymphoid blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (LyBC-CML) and five patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia converting to Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (ALL Ph + CML) were followed. Seven of 15 (46.7%) LyBC-CML patients developed meningeal leukemia within a median period of 6 months (range 2-11 months), while there was no medullary relapse.

Adjuvant chemotherapy for osteogenic sarcoma of the extremity with sequential adriamycin and cisplatin.

Twenty-nine patients with high-grade nonmetastatic osteogenic sarcoma of the extremities were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy following definitive surgery. Chemotherapy consisted of systemic intravenous Adriamycin and cisplatin in a sequential fashion given for six courses. Nineteen out of 29 patients are alive and continuously disease free over a follow-up period ranging from 9+ to 30+ months.

Prognostic significance of myeloperoxidase containing blast cells in acute myelogenous leukaemia.

Fifty three newly diagnosed patients of de novo acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) received treatment consisting of remission induction with daunorubicin 60 mg/m2 on day one and continuous infusion of cytosine arabinoside 200 mg/m2/day over 24 h from day one to 7. Thereafter patients in complete remission received consolidation chemotherapy with two identical courses. Complete remission (CR) could be achieved in 40 patients (75.

Characterization of lymphokine-activated killer cells from peripheral blood and lymph nodes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and lymph node lymphocytes (LNL) from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients were tested for LAK cell cytotoxicity using appropriate targets in a short-term 51chromium-release assay. The results showed a significant depression in LNL-LAK activity suggesting the reduced capacity of LNL to generate LAK cells. LNL-LAK cells demonstrated significantly low percentages of cells expressing CD16, CD56 and CD25 as compared to PBL-LAK of patients and healthy donors.

Urinary bladder cancer following cyclophosphamide therapy for Hodgkin's disease.

Urinary bladder cancers following prolonged cyclophosphamide therapy are being increasingly reported. We report a case of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder occurring 12 years after pulse intravenous therapy with cyclophosphamide for Hodgkin's disease. The mechanism of bladder carcinogenesis and the possible role of the uroprotector MESNA in preventing cyclophosphamide induced bladder cancer are discussed.

Hemoglobinopathies and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in hospital births in Bahrain.

In view of the high prevalence of clinical cases of sickle cell anemia, hemoglobin-H-disease and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in the archipelago of the State of Bahrain, a cord blood screening study was undertaken over a 15 month period (October 1984 to December 1985) to determine the gene frequency of these diseases. All the state hospitals participated in this study and a total of 10,327 cord blood samples obtained from babies born to Bahraini parents were analyzed. These presented over 80% of all neonates born in the country during the study period.

Pure red cell aplasia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a case report and brief literature review.

Pure red cell aplasia associated with lymphoproliferative malignancies other than thymoma is an uncommon occurrence. In the present paper we report a rare case of nodular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with pure red cell aplasia who presented with symptoms related to anemia rather than the lymphoma and responded well to combination chemotherapy.

Ifosfamide in plasma cell leukemia: a report of two cases and review of the literature.

We report two patients with primary plasma cell leukemia (PLC) treated with a single agent, ifosfamide. One patient had a total disappearance of plasma cells (PC) from the peripheral blood and the bone marrow and disappearance of the myeloma protein, is disease free 8 months after completion of treatment, and alive 14 months after diagnosis. The second patient had a partial response with persistence of plasma cells in the bone marrow lasting 7 months, after which she had a frank relapse of the disease.

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in untreated acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Mixed opportunistic infection with Pneumocystis carinii and Candida prior to cytotoxic therapy in a young male diagnosed as having acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia resulted in early catastrophe. The role of awareness of this complication and its prompt management is discussed.