Clinical utility of treprostinil in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension: an evidence-based review.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains a progressive disease without a cure, despite the development of several treatment options over the past several decades. Its management strategy consists of the endothelin receptor antagonists (ambrisentan, bosentan, macitentan), phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil), and prostacyclin analogs (epoprostenol, treprostinil, iloprost). Treprostinil, a stable prostacyclin analog, displays vasodilatory effects in the pulmonary vasculature, as well as antiplatelet aggregation properties.

Conivaptan for treatment of hyponatremia in neurologic and neurosurgical adults.

Objective: To review the literature evaluating the clinical safety and efficacy of conivaptan in the management of hyponatremia in a neurologic and neuro-surgical adult patient population.

Data Sources: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (1966-May 2013). Search limits were English, human, and adult using the terms vasopressin receptor antagonist, conivaptan, tolvaptan, lixivaptan, neurology, neurological disorder, neurosurgery, neurointensive care, and neurocritical care.