Microvascular bone grafting: a new long-term solution for intraosseous arteriovenous malformations of the mandible in children.

Background: Intraosseous arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the maxillofacial area are rarely reported in the current literature. These malformations have been associated with severe hemorrhage resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. The recommended gold standard treatment of AVMs is an endovascular embolization, combined with surgery.

An unusual case of hürthle cell carcinoma presenting as metastatic pleural disease 16 years after thyroidectomy.

Background: Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC), a variant of a follicular carcinoma of the thyroid, is an aggressive type of differentiated thyroid cancer now considered a distinct pathologic entity. It may present as a low-grade tumor or as a more aggressive type. Prognosis depends on the age of the patient, tumor size, extent of invasion, and initial nodal or distant metastasis.