Polymorphism (ALA16VAL) correlates with regional lymph node status in breast cancer.

We studied the possible association between Ala16Val manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene genotypes and breast cancer lymph node status because previous investigations suggested an association between the AA genotype and breast cancer. We included 281 women (188 controls and 93 cases of invasive breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis (LN+) and without lymph node metastasis (LN-). DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tumor tissue or peripheral blood leukocytes, and MnSOD polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques.

[Primary amenorrhea and XY karyotype: identifying patients in risk].

Purpose: to verify the prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with primary amenorrhea and XY karyotype, evaluated in our Service, aiming at identifying findings which could help their recognition.

Methods: from January 1975 to November 2007, 104 patients with amenorrhea were evaluated. All the cases were analyzed by the karyotype by GTG bands.

MnSOD gene polymorphism association with steroid-dependent cancer.

Oxidative stress enhances carcinogenesis due to DNA damage. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) Val16Ala polymorphism has been recently associated with breast and prostate cancer. The role of oxidative stress in male breast cancer is poorly investigated due to the low prevalence of this neoplasia.

Immunoexpression of endoglin in brain metastasis secondary to malignant melanoma: evaluation of angiogenesis and comparison with brain metastasis secondary to breast and lung carcinomas.

Brain metastases are linked to poor prognosis. After carcinomas of the lung and breast, malignant melanomas (MM) are the next type of neoplasm with the higher metastatic dissemination involving the central nervous system and that has the worst prognosis after metastasis has been diagnosed. Angiogenesis has been linked to tumor growth and metastasis.

[Immunohistochemistry in oligodendrogliomas].

Oligodendrogliomas (OL) are neuroepithelial tumors characterized by the presence of uniformly round nuclei with a clear cytoplasm around it. These features can also be seen in central neurocytomas, DNTs and clear cell ependymomas. Immunohistochemistry with glial and neuronal markers may be helpful in differential diagnosis.