Palliative Endoscopic Salvage of a Functionally Obstructed Gastrojejunostomy - Report of Technique.

Background: Gastric outlet obstruction secondary to foregut gastrointestinal malignancies can be managed with a variety of medical, endoscopic, and surgical options. Laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy is an option for those patients who are able to tolerate an operation as a long-term palliative option. This operation may be associated with some significant postoperative technical and nontechnical complications, including delayed gastric emptying.

Acute oesophageal necrosis in a patient with recent SARS-CoV-2.

A 57-year-old Hispanic man with diabetes presented with dyspnoea. He had a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR. He was intubated for severe hypoxia and treated with intermittent pressors, methylprednisolone and supportive care.

Incidence and survival of colorectal cancer among Hispanics in the United States: a population-based study.

Background: Hispanics are the largest and fastest growing ethnic group in the United States (US).

Aims: We evaluated the incidence and survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) among this population.

Methods: Data from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program were used to calculate CRC age-adjusted and age-specific incidence rates in Hispanics during 1993-2007.

Meta-analysis of cholecystectomy in symptomatic patients with positive hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan results without gallstones.

Objective: To study the clinical results of surgical management in patients with right upper quadrant pain, a positive hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan result, and no gallstones.

Data Sources: Health care databases and gray literature.

Study Selection: Each article was scrutinized to determine whether it met inclusion criteria.

Antibiotic prophylaxis is not protective in severe acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The use of prophylactic systemic antibiotics to prevent infection and reduce mortality in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains a contentious issue. We assessed the clinical outcome of patients with SAP treated with prophylactic antibiotics compared with that of patients not treated with antibiotics.

Methods: We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Ovid as search engines without language restriction until the end of May 2008.

Meta-analysis: sequential therapy appears superior to standard therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection in patients naive to treatment.

Background: Standard proton-pump inhibitor-based therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection fails in up to one quarter of patients. Sequential therapy may be more efficacious.

Purpose: To compare sequential therapy with standard triple therapy for H.

Spectrum of morbidity related to bolster placement at time of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: buried bumper syndrome to leakage and peritonitis.

Setting the external bolster at the time of placement of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a key factor in the spectrum of morbidity and complications related to the procedure. Setting the bolster too tight results in various gradations of buried bumper syndrome, whereas setting the bolster too loose can lead to leakage and acute peritonitis. Aspects of the initial technique, awareness of contributing factors, and strategies for monitoring and surveillance of the PEG once placed are all important in preventing more serious sequelae.

Irritable bowel syndrome and health seeking behaviour in different communities of Pakistan.

Objective: To investigate the frequency of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and health seeking behaviour in patients belonging to different ethnic groups and their squatter settlements in two cities of Pakistan.

Methods: Questionnaire based on Rome II criteria for the diagnosis of IBS was sent to 1167 persons living in, Karachi and Bahawalpur and their squatter settlements in Baloch Colony and Tibba Badar Sher respectively. About 90% (1048) completed the questionnaire.

Hepatitis B and C: prevalence and risk factors associated with seropositivity among children in Karachi, Pakistan.

Background: Infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to chronic liver disease and hepato-cellular carcinoma (HCC). This cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence and identified risk factors associated with Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV antibody (anti-HCV) sero-positivity among children 1 to 15 years of age.

Methods: The study targeted the low to middle socioeconomic population that comprises 80% to 85% of the population.

Frequency of irritable bowel syndrome in college students.

Background: This study was carried out to investigate the presence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in college students and compare its distribution in the non-medical college and medical college students.

Methods: We collected data from 508 students by inviting them to fill out a questionnaire based on Rome II criteria for the diagnosis of IBS from November 2001 to February 2004. Two major cities Karachi and Bahawalpur were selected and it was coordinated by the section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital and Quaide-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur.

Phloroglucinol in irritable bowel syndrome.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and tolerability of phloroglucinol, an antispasmodic agent in the treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).

Methods: It was an open label (quasi interventional) study. One hundred patients coming to the gastroenterology clinics of Aga Khan University Hospital with IBS as defined by the Rome II criteria were enrolled between February 2004 and September 2004 to participate in the trial and were treated as outpatients.

Giardiasis in patients with dyspeptic symptoms.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of giardiasis in patients with dyspeptic symptoms.

Methods: Clinical records of consecutive patients who attended Gastroenterology Department at Aga Khan University Hospital from January 2000 to June 2003 and had esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with duodenal biopsies and international classification of diseases 9th revision with clinical modifications (ICD-9-CM) coded with giardiasis were studied.

Results: Two hundred and twenty patients fulfilled the above criteria.

Role of rapid urease test and histopathology in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in a developing country.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of commonly self-prescribed proton pump inhibitors (PPI) on the results of rapid urease test and histology for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection.

Methods: One hundred-nine consecutive patients with dyspeptic symptoms attending the endoscopy suite were enrolled in this study.

Perception of gastroesophageal reflux disease in urban population in Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the frequency and health care seeking behavior of patients with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms using American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) questionnaire for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from April 2002 to November 2003.

Prevalence of non-Helicobacter pylori duodenal ulcer in Karachi, Pakistan.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of non-Helicobacter pylori (H pylori)-related duodenal ulcer in patients with acid-peptic diseases.

Methods: Medical records of patients who attended the Gastroenterology Department at Aga Khan University Hospital from 1999 to 2001 and had endoscopic diagnosis of duodenal ulcers were reviewed. Duodenal ulcer associated with H pylori was diagnosed on the basis of endoscopy, rapid urease test and histopathology whereas histories of aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) related duodenal ulcers.

Polymerase chain reaction in the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Objective: To determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, in patients suffering from gastritis and peptic ulcer disease by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and correlate the results with the histological diagnosis.

Design: Analytical, comparative study.

Irritable bowel syndrome: in search of an etiology: role of Blastocystis hominis.

This study was designed to examine stool specimens of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients for Blastocystis hominis, a common intestinal parasite. One hundred fifty patients were enrolled, 95 IBS cases and 55 controls. These patients provided a medical history, and underwent physical and laboratory evaluations that included stool microscopy and culture for B.