Risk Factors and Stroke Subtyping in Young Adults: A Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the risk factors and stroke subtypes for young ischemic stroke patients and their outcomes at the time of discharge.

Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of ischemic stroke patients (n = 264) between the age groups of 18 and 45. The study population was divided into two broad age groups: 18 to 35 years and 36 to 45 years; and compared based on demographics, risk factors, the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification, and outcomes.

COVID-19 Infection in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Rituximab Compared to Natalizumab and Healthy Controls: A Real-World Multicenter Study.

Introduction: The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection on patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) undergoing various immunomodulating therapies can vary. Individuals on B-cell therapy, such as rituximab, may be more susceptible to infection compared to those treated with natalizumab.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection in patients receiving rituximab, natalizumab, and healthy controls.

Effect of Chitosan Irrigant and Lubricating Gel on Bond Strength of Resin Sealer to Radicular Dentin: An In Vitro Study.

Background: The adhesive strength of sealers to dentin is influenced by various factors, and the presence of a smear layer is among the critical variables. Chitosan, known for its dentin compatibility, has previously demonstrated a reduction in dentin change and resin sealer bond strength comparable to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) when used as an irrigant and final rinse. The study investigates the impact of chitosan, used as both a lubricating gel and final rinse, on the push-out bond strength of resin sealer.

Surgical management of a case of giant retinal tear with closed funnel retinal detachment in a pediatric patient.

Background: A 7-year-old male child was brought by his parents with a complaint of low vision in both eyes for 2 months. The child had low vision in both the eyes for 1.5 years, but the parents noticed when it worsened further 2 months back, leading to profound vision loss.

evaluation of the effect of addition of biomaterials to carbamide peroxide on the bleaching efficacy and microhardness of enamel.

Background And Aim: Teeth bleaching, although considered safe and conservative, cause microscopic changes in the tooth structure. The aim of this study is to evaluate the bleaching efficacy of carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gel when modified with the incorporation of bioactive glass (BG) and hydroxyapatite (HA) and its effect on enamel microhardness.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five maxillary incisors were decoronated, artificially stained and mounted in acrylic.

Inpatient Burden of Neurological Disorders: A Route Map for Allocation of Resources and Postgraduate Training.

Introduction There are limited data regarding the profile of inpatient neurological disorders in India. Understanding the spectrum of diseases and the profile of patients admitted in an inpatient setting will help to streamline services, allocate resources, develop management protocols, design curricula, and improve training programs of postgraduate students in neurology training. Objective The objective of this study is to study the profile of inpatient neurological disorders in 1000 consecutive patients admitted to a tertiary care neurological center.

Surgical management of a case of double optic disc pits with maculopathy.

Background: Double optic disc pit maculopathy is a rare entity. It can be difficult to manage because of excessive leakage and chronic maculopathy.

Purpose: To describe surgical management in a case of double optic disc pits with maculopathy.

Global warming impact of fluorinated gases in ophthalmic surgeries at a tertiary eye center in India.

Purpose: Global warming is one of the greatest health threats of the 21 st century. The ophthalmic sector contributes to the emission of greenhouse gases, thus altering the natural environment. There is currently no data on global emissions of fluorinated gases in ophthalmic surgery.

Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for the Management of Chronic Subdural Hematoma.

Introduction Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) results from neovascularization of the subdural capsular membrane and embolization of the Middle Meningeal Artery (MMA) helps inhibit the same and prevent recurrence. Materials and methods We retrospectively reviewed the endovascular management for chronic SDH in 29 patients between 2018 to 2022. The parameters analyzed were clinical history, radiologic imaging findings, procedure details, and angiographic and clinical outcomes.

Developing a Risk Stratification Model Based on Machine Learning for Targeted Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Indian Population.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a predictive risk score model based on deep learning (DL) independent of fundus photography, totally reliant on systemic data through targeted screening from a population-based study to diagnose diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Indian population.

Methods: It involved machine learning application on datasets of a cross-sectional population-based study. A total of 1425 subjects (1175 subjects with known diabetes and 250 with newly diagnosed diabetes) were included in the study.

Endovascular management of cerebral venous thrombosis: a tertiary-centre experience.

Background: Stroke related to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is uncommon, with untoward lethal outcomes. Systemic anticoagulation is the treatment of choice. However, some patients can be resistant to this treatment.

Distance and near vision changes after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection in eyes with center-involving diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To elucidate distance and near vision changes after intravitreal injections in center-involving diabetic macular edema (CIDME) in phakic and pseudophakic groups.

Methods: A retrospective study was done on 148 eyes (72 phakic and 76 pseudophakic) with center-involving DME. All eyes were treated with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection.

The deceptive coloboma.

Background: Scleral fistulas are known to develop following blunt trauma in patients with retinochoroidal coloboma. These cases can be managed by surgical options such as silicone buckles, or with glue and scleral patch graft. Some cases have been shown to close spontaneously.

Antibacterial efficacy of nisin, calcium hydroxide, and triple antibiotic paste in combination with chitosan as an intracanal medicament against - An study.

Aims: Evaluate and compare antibacterial efficacy of nisin, calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH)), and Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) mixed with distilled water and chitosan as an intracanal medicament on after 1 and 7 day.

Settings And Design: Experimental study.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and twenty Decoronated single-rooted premolars were prepared and autoclaved.

Scleral cut-down technique of subretinal fluid drainage in scleral buckle surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Background: The art of scleral buckle (SB) surgery is being largely forgotten. However, it still remains a good option for selected cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Drainage of subretinal fluid (SRF) is one of the most crucial steps of the surgery.

Neuropsychiatric manifestations are associated with increased mortality in Indian patients with lupus: A single centre retrospective observational study.

Objective: To study the prevalence of different NPSLE manifestations in our cohort and to compare clinical and immunological features and outcomes including mortality of patients with NPSLE and SLE controls without NP involvement.

Methods: This was a retrospective study in a tertiary care referral centre. All patients of SLE seen in the last 10 years and fulfilling the SLICC criteria with neuropsychiatric manifestations as per the ACR definitions were included.

Surgical management of complicated retinal detachment in a case of retinal hemangioblastoma.

Background: A 40-year-old male presented with a complaint of sudden onset diminution of vision in the left eye for 2 weeks. He was a follow-up case with retinal hemangioblastoma in both eyes. He underwent two sittings of fundus fluorescein angiography-guided trans-pupillary thermotherapy 2 years back.

A real world multi center study on efficacy and safety of natalizumab in Indian patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Natalizumab (NTZ) is increasingly being used in Indian multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. There are no reports on its safety and efficacy, especially with respect to the occurrence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).

Objectives: To describe the patient characteristics, treatment outcomes, and adverse events, especially the occurrence of PML in NTZ-treated patients.

Substance use related cluster headache: A case series.

Background: Essential oils (EOs) with pro-convulsant properties are known to cause seizures and may worsen migraine. Here we report five cases of cluster headache (CH) secondary to the usage of toothpastes containing pro-convulsant EOs.

Methods: Patients were identified from the headache clinics of three tertiary care hospitals in south India.

Corono-radicular reinforcement with minimal invasion: A novel case report.

Maxillary premolar with an oval-shaped canal always poses a challenge while reconstruction using the post and core system. Fiber-post has many advantages over metallic-post and so fiber-post is becoming more popular and particularly widely used than metallic-post nowadays. Fiber-post has benefits of esthetic and strength, and its combination with flexible material, Ribbond has provided it with a high rise in the field of dentistry.