Childhood health motivation and adult cardiometabolic health in the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health (CDAH) study.

Objective: This research examined if childhood health motivation was associated with adult health behaviors and objectively measured health outcomes.

Method: Data were from the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health study. Children aged 9 to 15 years in 1985 completed a questionnaire with health motivation items.

Comparison of a direct and an indirect approach for the functional assessment of insistence on sameness in a child with autism spectrum disorder and a typically developing child.

Objective: To compare indirect and direct functional assessment of insistence on sameness associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typical development.

Methods: Parents rated the function of insistence on sameness for a 6-year-old boy with ASD (Peter) and a typically developing 4-year-old boy (Nathan) using the Motivation Assessment Scale (MAS). Ratings were compared to the results of a direct assessment.

Functional analysis of insistence on sameness in an 11-year old boy with Asperger syndrome.

Objective: To identify the functional properties of insistence on sameness associated with autism spectrum disorders.

Method: An 11-year-old boy with Asperger syndrome was observed during play where scenarios (mistakes, misplaced items, interrupted activity) were created to correspond with parent-reported scenarios where the child would insist on sameness. The extent of problem behaviour was observed under four functional assessment conditions (restore environment, tangible, attention, escape), according to a multi-element design.

Children with low literacy and poor stereoacuity: an evaluation of complex interventions in a community-based randomized trial.

Purpose: To assess, among children with low literacy and poor stereoacuity, the efficacy of two intervention programs on child vision and education compared to a control program.

Methods: Eighty-eight children aged 8 to 13 years who had reading problems, and demonstrated poor stereoacuity as measured by the Titmus stereocircle test (> 100 seconds arc) or computerized assessment were randomized to one of two intervention programs: Lawson vision or Phono-Graphix, or a control group: Parental Literacy Support. Vision (Lang test, visual acuity, convergence insufficiency symptom survey) and education assessments (Woodcock Reading Mastery Tests-Revised) were conducted at baseline, intervention end (10 weeks), and 36 weeks.