Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and type of rheumatic immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as well as the correlation with tumour response.
Methods: This was a single-centre prospective observational study including all cancer patients receiving ICIs. The occurrence of irAEs and tumour response was assessed on a regular basis.
Background: High prevalence rates of low bone mineral density (BMD) have been reported in people living with HIV infection. We aimed to investigate the association of chronic viral hepatitis with low BMD in HIV-infected patients.
Methods: A hospital-based cohort of HIV-infected patients was screened for hepatitis B and C coinfection.
Abnormal kidney function is common in the course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Here, we performed a cross-sectional analysis using 399 patients within the Aquitaine cohort (a hospital-based cohort of HIV-1-infected patients receiving routine clinical management) to estimate the prevalence of proximal renal tubular dysfunction (PRTD) associated with HIV infection. These patients did not differ statistically by sociodemographics, median age, years since HIV diagnosis, AIDS stage, or median CD4 cell count from the entire 3080 patient cohort.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe management of osteoporosis has improved considerably, leading to the development of new goals. A major concern today is the management of patients with severe osteoporosis, in whom the need for pharmacotherapy is clear [1]. Epidemiological data have established that osteoporosis is associated with severe complications [2,3].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOfficial recommendations are available for detecting osteoporosis and initiating osteoporosis medications in postmenopausal women. However, there are no recommendations about the management of patients with incident fractures despite osteoporosis therapy. Second-line osteoporosis treatments have been evaluated only based on laboratory and absorptiometry criteria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe management of postmenopausal osteoporosis has benefited from the recent introduction of several new drug classes and is now well standardized. However, none of the available osteoporosis drugs completely abolishes the occurrence of fractures. Therefore, criteria are needed to determine when the occurrence of a fracture during treatment indicates failure to respond to the drug.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeveral medications have been proven to decrease the risk of postmenopausal osteoporotic fractures of the spine, hip, or peripheral skeleton. However, the optimal duration of treatment with these medications has not been determined. The efficacy data come chiefly from controlled trials conducted over 3 to 5 years in elderly women at high risk for fractures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVertebral fractures, the most common osteoporotic fractures, are associated with excess mortality even in the absence of symptoms. Presence of at least one radiological or clinical prevalent vertebral fracture increases the risk of incident vertebral fractures not only in untreated patients, but also in treated patients, as established by studies involving routine radiological monitoring. Therefore, whether structural monitoring is indicated on a routine basis deserves discussion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteoporosis is classified as a public health problem by healthcare authorities because it is associated with an increased risk of potentially serious fractures. Osteoporotic fractures are known to generate a heavy burden of morbidity and financial cost [1]. However, recent data indicate that some osteoporotic fractures are also associated with excess mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe co-morbidity profile varies widely across postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, and comorbidities often adversely affect the management of osteoporosis. There is a need for detailed information on the co-morbidities that may affect the course of osteoporosis by increasing the risk of subsequent fractures or inducing multiple fractures. We consequently reviewed the literature on the most common co-morbidities in adults older than 50 years of age, with special attention to published meta-analyses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMany risk factors of aseptic osteonecrosis (AO) are well-known, even if 40% of events are idiopathic. Intravascular thrombosis is one of the physiopathological mechanisms of AO. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of coagulopathies on AO set-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe trabecular bone score (TBS) is a new parameter that is determined from gray-level analysis of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images. It relies on the mean thickness and volume fraction of trabecular bone microarchitecture. This was a preliminary case-control study to evaluate the potential diagnostic value of TBS as a complement to bone mineral density (BMD), by comparing postmenopausal women with and without fractures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is a high prevalence of bone demineralization among HIV-infected patients but mechanisms of alteration of bone turnover are still unclear and it is thought to be multifactorial.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 492 HIV-infected patients within the Aquitaine cohort estimated the prevalence of osteoporosis/osteopenia and investigated associated factors. Bone mineral density of total body, lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.