Bioactivity of amphitoxin, the major constituent of the Jamaican sponge Amphimedon compressa.

Fractionation of the MeOH/CH2Cl2 extract of the sponge Amphimedon compressa afforded the secondary metabolite amphitoxin (1), the structure of which was elucidated by interpretation of 1H- and 13C-NMR data. The crude extract and the fractions containing the metabolite 1 were assessed for ichthyotoxic and insecticidal activity towards Xiphophorus variatus (moon fish) and Cylas formicarius elegantulus (sweet potato weevil), respectively. In addition, the ability of 1 to cause mortality (toxicity and lethal effect) in the rodent Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) was examined.

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Older people are the biggest consumers of health care and therefore almost all nurses, whatever their chosen setting and specialty, find themselves directly involved in addressing their needs. Older people often have multiple health and other issues. How can nurses of the future be prepared effectively to take up this role?

Essence of Care: making a difference.

Essence of Care (DoH 2001) developed from a commitment to explore the benefits of benchmarking in improving the quality of the fundamental and essential aspects of care (DoH 1999). The NHS Plan (DoH 2000) reinforced the importance of getting the basics right and improving the patient's experience. During the 18 months since the publication of the Essence of Care clinical benchmarks (DoH 2001), it has moved steadily from political rhetoric to clinical reality in the Central South Regional Group (CSRG).