Serotonergic elements in the nervous system of parasite of acipenserid fishes, Acrolichanus auriculatus (Digenea: Allocreadiidae).

The trematode Acrolichanus auriculatus is a widely distributed intestine parasite of acipenserid fishes. For the first time the localization and distribution of the serotonergic nerve elements in A. auriculatus was studied using immunocytochemical method and confocal laser scanning microscopy.

Neuromuscular system of the causative agent of dicrocoeliosis, Dicrocoelium lanceatum. II. Neuropeptide FMRFamide immunoreactivity in nervous system.

The parasitic flatworm, trematoda Dicrocoelium lanceatum or lancet fluke is the causative agent of a widespread parasite disease of grazing ruminants, dicrocoeliosis. The aim of this work is the study of the presence and localization of neuropeptide FMRFamide immunoreactive elements in the nervous system of D. lanceatum using immunocytochemical technique and confocal scanning laser microscopy.

Musculature and neurotransmitters of internal organs of trematodes (the digestive, reproductive and excretory systems).

The article analyzes the results on the presence and organization of the muscle elements in the visceral organs of parasitic flatworms, trematodes, as well as their innervations. The different regions of the digestive, reproductive and excretory systems of trematodes contain circular, longitudinal and diagonal muscle fibers. The results of immunocytochemical investigations and confocal scanning laser microscopy show the presence of serotonin and FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the nervous system elements in various parts of the digestive, reproductive and excretory systems of trematodes.

Serotonin Signalling in Flatworms: An Immunocytochemical Localisation of 5-HT Type of Serotonin Receptors in and .

The study is dedicated to the investigation of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and 5-HT type serotonin receptor of localisation in larvae of two parasitic flatworms (Rivolta, 1884) Blanchard, 1895 and Rudolphi, 1819, performed using the immunocytochemical method and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Using whole mount preparations and specific antibodies, a microscopic analysis of the spatial distribution of 5-HT-immunoreactivity(-IR) was revealed in worm tissue. In metacercariae of 5-HT-IR was observed in the main nerve cords and in the head commissure connecting the head ganglia.

Biodiversity of lung helminths in terrestrial mammals from Eastern Europe.

This review provides the results of many years of original studies of the authors published in different journals and compilations taking into account an analysis of literature data. The studies on biological diversity of lung helminths of terrestrial mammals were performed by the authors in Armenia, Bulgaria and Poland. Literature data on European Russia were also taken into account.

The neuroactive substances and associated muscle system in Rhipidocotyle campanula (Digenea, Bucephalidae) from the intestine of the pike Esox lucius.

We report about the muscular system and the serotonergic and FMRFamidergic components of the nervous system of the Bucephalidae trematode, Rhipidocotyle campanula, an intestinal parasite of the pike. We use immunocytochemical methods and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CLSM). The musculature is identified by histochemical staining with fluorescently labeled phalloidin.

First evidence of serotoninergic components in the nervous system of the monogenean Chimaericola leptogaster (Chimaericolidae, Polyopisthocotylea), a gill parasite of the relict holocephalan fish.

The localisation and distribution of the serotoninergic nerve elements was studied for the first time in the flatworm Chimaericola leptogaster (Leuckart, 1830) using immunocytochemical methodology and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The musculature was investigated by histochemical staining of actin filaments; scanning electron microscopy was used to identify the sensory structures on the worm's surface. Uniciliated, bi-ciliated and multiciliated sensory endings have been described on the worm's surface.

The neuromuscular system in continuously swimming cercariae from Belarus. II Echinostomata, Gymnocephala and Amphistomata.

The neuromuscular system in cercariae of Moliniella anceps, Echinostoma revolutum, Cathaemasia hians, Psilochasmus oxyurus, Sphaeridiotrema globulus, Paramphistomum cervi and Diplodiscus subclavatus was studied with immunocytochemical methods and confocal scanning laser microscopy. The patterns of F-actin in the musculature, 5-HT immunoreactive (IR), FMRFamide-IR neuronal elements and α-tubulin-IR sensory receptors were investigated. The general patterns of musculature, 5-HT- and FMRFamide-IR neuronal elements in the 12 species studied here and in paper I are similar to those observed in other cercariae and reflect the morphology of the groups.

The neuro-muscular system in continuously swimming cercariae from Belarus. I Xiphidiocercariae.

The neuromuscular system (NMS) in cercariae of Neoastiotrema trituri, Plagiorchis elegans, Omphalometra flexuosa, Skrjabinoeces similis and Prosthogonimus ovatus was studied with immunocytochemical methods and confocal scanning laser microscopy. The patterns of F-actin in the musculature, 5-HT immunoreactive (IR), FMRFamide-IR neuronal elements and α-tubulin-IR sensory receptors were investigated, and they were found to be rather similar in all the cercariae studied. Four species have seven paired 5-HT-IR neurons in the body, and P.

The neuromuscular system in freshwater furcocercaria from Belarus. II Diplostomidae, Strigeidae, and Cyathocotylidae.

The neuromuscular system (NMS) in cercariae of Diplostomum pseudospathaceum, Cotylurus szidati, Australapatemon burti, Holostephanus volgensis, and Paracoenogonimus ovatus was studied with immunocytochemical methods and confocal scanning laser microscopy. The patterns of F-actin in the musculature, 5-HT immunoreactive (-IR), FMRF-amide-IR neuronal elements, and α-tubulin-IR in sensory receptors were investigated. The NMS in the five species studied were compared with each other and with three species of Schistosomatidae studied earlier (Bilharziella polonica, Trichobilharzia szidati, and Trichobilharzia franki).

The neuro-muscular system in fresh-water furcocercaria from Belarus. I Schistosomatidae.

The neuro-muscular system (NMS) in cercariae of the family Schistosomatidae from Belarus was studied with immunocytochemical methods and confocal scanning laser microscopy. The specimens of Bilharziella polonica were compared with Trichobilharzia szidati and Trichobilharzia franki. The patterns of F-actin in the musculature, 5-HT-immunoreactive (IR), FMRFamide-IR neuronal elements and α-tubulin-IR in sensory receptors and nerves were investigated.

The neuro-muscular system in cercaria with different patterns of locomotion.

The neuro-muscular system (NMS) of cercariae with different swimming patterns was studied with immunocytochemical methods and confocal scanning laser microscopy. Specimens of the continuously swimming Cercaria parvicaudata, Maritrema subdolum and Himasthla elongata were compared with specimens of the intermittently swimming Cryptocotyle lingua and the attached Podocotyle atomon. The patterns of F-actin in the musculature, 5-HT immunoreactive (-IR), FMRFamide-IR neuronal elements, α-tubulin-IR elements in the nervous and sensory systems and DAPI-stained nuclei were investigated.

An immunocytochemical, histochemical and ultrastructural study of the nervous system of the tapeworm Cyathocephalus truncatus (Cestoda, Spathebothriidea).

This study is the first detailed study of the organisation of the neuromuscular system of Cyathocephalus truncatus (Cestoda, Spathebothriidea). Five techniques have been used: (1) immunocytochemistry, (2) staining with TRITC-conjugated phalloidin, (3) NADPHdiaphorase histochemistry, (4) confocal scanning laser microscopy and (5) transmission electron microscopy. The patterns of nerves immunoreactive (IR) to antibodies towards serotonin (5-HT) and the invertebrate neuropeptide FMRFamide are described in relation to the musculature.

The pattern of serotonin and FMRFamide in cercaria from different taxonomic groups--a preliminary study.

Serotoninergic and FMRFamidergic components of the nervous system were examined in cercaria from different types using immunocytochemical techniques interfaced with confocal scanning laser microscopy. Cercariae from 9 families were studied - Opisthorchis felineus, Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha, Echinochasmus coaxatus, Echinoparyphium aconiatum, Notocotylus attenuatus, Psilotrema tuberculata, Plagiorchis sp., Cyathocotyle bithyniae, Diplostomum chromatophorum.

The effect of a nitric oxide donor on the synthesis of cGMP in Hymenolepis diminuta: a radiometric study.

The formation of cGMP in homogenates of the adult rat-tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta was followed with a radiometric assay during 3 h after stimulation with the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and in the presence of isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX). The level of cGMP was stable in worms incubated with IBMX during the first hour. After 3 h of incubation, the level of cGMP had declined by 27%.

NO nerves and their targets in a tapeworm: An immunocytochemical study of cGMP in Hymenolepis diminuta.

We studied the pattern of cGMP immunostaining (IS) after stimulation with a nitric oxide donor in the presence of an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase in adult Hymenolepis diminuta. cGMP-IS was detected in the peripheral nervous system, especially in nerve fibres close to the body muscle fibres. cGMP-IS also occurred in terminals beneath the basal lamina of the tegument and between the muscle fibres of the suckers.

Nitric oxide and its target cells in cercaria of Diplostomum chromatophorum: a histochemical and immunocytochemical study.

In order to advance our knowledge of the nitrergic nervous system in flatworms, the patterns of the NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) reaction and cGMP immunoreactivity, after stimulation with a nitric oxide donor in the presence of an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase, were investigated in cercaria of Diplostomum chromatophorum. This is the first time the presence of NADPH-d activity has been detected in a larval fluke, and the first time the presence of cGMP immunoreactivity has been detected in a flatworm. The NADPH-d reaction occurs in the ventral sucker, the hind body and the tail.