Influence of methylxanthines isolated from Bancha green tea on the pharmacokinetics of sildenafil in rats.

Background: Sildenafil is used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension and is metabolized in the liver mainly by CYP3A4, thus co-administration with drugs or herbal extracts that affect CYP3A4 activity may lead to drug-drug or drug-herb interactions, respectively. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of single and multiple oral doses of methylxanthine fraction, isolated from Bancha green tea leaves on the pharmacokinetics of sildenafil in rats.

Methods: Rats were given sildenafil alone as well as simultaneously with methylxanthines or ketoconazole.

Prevalence of polypharmacy and risk of potential drug-drug interactions among hospitalized patients with emphasis on the pharmacokinetics.

Background: Both polypharmacy and potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs), especially those at the pharmacokinetic level, are common in hospitalized patients and are associated with adverse effects and failure of therapy.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate retrospectively the prevalence of polypharmacy and the risk of potential pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction among hospitalized patients.

Methods: The medical documentation of hospitalized patients in the unit of internal diseases at the hospital "St Marina" in Varna, Bulgaria for a period of six months (January-July 2016) was retrospectively reviewed.

Protective Effect of Methylxanthine Fractions Isolated from Tea Leaves against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardio- and Nephrotoxicities in Rats.

is an anthracycline antibiotic that is used for the treatment of various types of cancer. However, its clinical usage is limited due to its potential life-threatening adverse effects, such as cardio- and nephrotoxicities. Nonetheless, simultaneous administration of and antioxidants, such as those found in leaves, could reduce cardiac and renal tissue damage caused by oxidative stress.

The role of the clinical pharmacist in the prevention of potential drug interactions in geriatric heart failure patients.

Background The treatment of heart failure patients is very complex and includes lifestyle modification as well as different pharmacological therapies. Polypharmacy is very common in such patients and they are at increased risk of potential drug-drug interactions and associated effects such as poor adherence, compliance and adverse events. Objective The aim of the present study is to investigate retrospectively the prescribed pharmacotherapy of the hospital discharged heart failure patients for possible drug interactions.