The risk of pig and chicken farming for carriage and transmission of containing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and mobile colistin resistance () genes in Thailand.

South-East Asian countries report a high prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin- (ESC-) and colistin-resistant (Col-R-). However, there are still few studies describing the molecular mechanisms and transmission dynamics of ESC-R- and, especially, Col-R-. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and transmission dynamics of containing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and mobile colistin resistance () genes using a 'One Health' design in Thailand.

Influence of occupational exposure to pigs or chickens on human gut microbiota composition in Thailand.

Pig farming's influence on human gut microbiota has been observed previously, but its pervasiveness is unclear. We therefore aimed at studying whether pig farming influenced human gut microbiota composition in Thailand and whether poultry farming did too. We collected human stool samples (71 pig farmers, 131 chicken farmers, 55 non-farmers) for 16S rRNA sequencing and performed subsequent DADA2 analyses of amplicon sequence variants.

Dynamics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli in pig farms: A longitudinal study.

Objectives: Point prevalence estimates of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli (ESC-R-Ec) are important surveillance measures but may not uncover the ESC-R-Ec dynamics within pig farms. A longitudinal study was therefore performed by sampling individual pigs, pig farmers and the environment.

Methods: On average, 30 (range 10-46) piglets of 31 Swiss farms were sampled during the suckling, weaning and fattening stages (n= 2437 samples).

Influence of pig farming on human Gut Microbiota: role of airborne microbial communities.

It has been hypothesized that both genetics and diet influence the composition of the human cecal microbiota. However, it remains unclear whether and how occupational exposure to microbes impacts the microbial communities in human guts. Using a One Health approach, we visited pig farms (n = 26) and collected stool specimens from pig workers (n = 59), pig barn air samples (n = 19), and rectal swabs from pigs at three different growth stages (n = 144).

Carbon source regulates polysaccharide capsule biosynthesis in .

The exopolysaccharide capsule of is an important virulence factor, but the mechanisms that regulate capsule thickness are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the effects of various exogenously supplied carbohydrates on capsule production and gene expression in several pneumococcal serotypes. Microscopy analyses indicated a near absence of the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) when was grown on fructose.

DRUG-seq for miniaturized high-throughput transcriptome profiling in drug discovery.

Here we report Digital RNA with pertUrbation of Genes (DRUG-seq), a high-throughput platform for drug discovery. Pharmaceutical discovery relies on high-throughput screening, yet current platforms have limited readouts. RNA-seq is a powerful tool to investigate drug effects using transcriptome changes as a proxy, yet standard library construction is costly.