Predictive value of Hajibandeh index in determining peritoneal contamination in acute abdomen: A cohort study and meta-analysis.

Background: Hajibandeh index (HI), derived from combined levels of C-reactive protein, lactate, neutrophils, lymphocytes and albumin, is a modern predictor of peritoneal contamination and mortality in patients with acute abdominal pathology.

Aim: To validate the performance of HI in predicting the presence and nature of peritoneal contamination in patients with acute abdominal pathology in a larger cohort study and to synthesis evidence in a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: The STROBE guidelines and the PRISMA statement standards were followed to conduct a cohort study (ChiCTR2200056183) and a meta-analysis (CRD42022306018), respectively.

Ultrasound-guided versus conventional peribulbar anaesthesia in cataract surgery: A randomised controlled study.

Background: Blind ophthalmic anaesthetic techniques may have serious complications.

Aim: To assess the safety of ultrasound as a guide in ophthalmic blocks.

Methods: Fifty adult patients undergoing cataract surgery under peribulbar block anaesthesia were randomly assigned to ultrasound-guided and conventional block groups.

Ketamine versus magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant to local anesthetics in the peribulbar block for posterior segment surgeries: a randomized controlled study.

Background: The use of an adjuvant to local anesthetics in the peribulbar block may improve block characteristics. The aim of this double-blinded, parallel-group, randomized, controlled trial was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ketamine versus magnesium sulphate as adjuvants to the local anesthetic mixture of peribulbar block in patients scheduled for vitreoretinal surgeries.

Methods: A total of 126 patients scheduled for vitreoretinal surgery were randomly allocated as either ketamine (GK, N.

The effect of adenotonsillectomy on obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome.

Objective: Children with Down syndrome (DS) are liable to develop obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) due to many anatomical airway abnormalities. The tonsils and adenoid occupy part of the airway space, and their removal may be helpful in relieving airway obstruction. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of adenotonsillectomy in the treatment of OSA in those children.

Swallowing disorders among patients with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.

Conclusion: Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a cause of swallowing disorders in elderly, and otolaryngologists should be aware of the disease on dealing with old patients complaining of dysphagia. The condition may be treated conservatively in most patients; however, surgical reduction of cervical osteophytes may be needed in severe cases.

Objective: Large cervical osteophytes may cause dysphagia; they compress the pharynx leading to mechanical impairment of swallowing.

Maxillary sinus mucocele: predisposing factors, clinical presentations, and treatment.

Purpose: Maxillary sinus mucocele (MSM) is uncommon lesion and has many presenting features. The aim of this study was to detect the possible predisposing factors, clinical characteristics, and to assess the efficacy of trans-nasal endoscopic treatment of this lesion.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study was conducted on 36 patients with MSM, the diagnosis of the disease was based on computed tomographic criteria.

Mucocele of the hard palate in children.

Objective: Mucus retention cyst of the hard palate may result from obstruction of the ducts of the minor salivary glands, and it was defined as a mucocele. Although, the disease is not common in the hard palate, it was previously reported by many authors in the soft palate. The aim of our study was to present pediatric patients who were diagnosed to have mucocele of the hard palate, and to evaluate the outcome of the surgical excision of this lesion.

Trans-oral endoscopic partial adenoidectomy does not worsen the speech after cleft palate repair.

Introduction: Adenoid hypertrophy may play a role in velopharyngeal closure especially in patients with palatal abnormality; adenoidectomy may lead to velopharyngeal insufficiency and hyper nasal speech. Patients with cleft palate even after repair should not undergo adenoidectomy unless absolutely needed, and in such situations, conservative or partial adenoidectomy is performed to avoid the occurrence of velopharyngeal insufficiency. Trans-oral endoscopic adenoidectomy enables the surgeon to inspect the velopharyngeal valve during the procedure.

Lateralization of the Pharyngeal Flap for Treatment of Lateral Velopharyngeal Gap.

Pharyngeal flap is usually used for treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI); it is bridged between the posterior pharyngeal wall and the soft palate traversing the central part of the velopharyngeal port. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of lateralization of the pharyngeal flap for treatment of VPI in patients with lateral velopharyngeal gap. Fifteen patients with VPI due to lateral velopharyngeal gap were subjected to closure of the gap by pharyngeal flap that was lateralized to fill the gap.

Furlow palatoplasty for previously repaired cleft palate with velopharyngeal insufficiency.

Objective: Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is a common complication after cleft palate repair, it may be due to lack of levator sling reconstruction and/or palatal shortening. Furlow palatoplasty has the advantages of retro-positioning of levator palati muscles and palatal lengthening. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Furlow palatoplasty in the treatment of VPI in patients who undergone previous palatoplasty.

A review of the incidence of iatrogenic hernia in both laparoscopic and open colorectal surgery: Using CT as the gold standard of detection, cohort study.

Purpose: The incidence of incisional hernia varies considerably in the literature. The aim of our study was to calculate the incidence of various types of the occult iatrogenic hernias following colorectal surgery, both laparoscopic and open, using CT scan.

Methods: The study included all patients who underwent colorectal resection procedures in a colorectal surgery department over an 11 year period between 2001 and 2012 who went on to have a CT scan post surgery.

The association of Varicella zoster virus reactivation with Bell's palsy in children.

Objectives: Bell's palsy is considered the most common cause of facial nerve paralysis in children. Although different theories have been postulated for its diagnosis, reactivation of the Varicella zoster virus (VZV) has been implicated as one of the causes of Bell's palsy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of Varicella-zoster virus infection with Bell's palsy and its outcome in children.

Trans-oral endoscopic cerclage pharyngoplasty for treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency.

Objectives: Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is a common problem after cleft palate repair, it leads to speech distortion with consequent affection of speech intelligibility. Many techniques have been used in the treatment of VPI with varying results and complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of trans-oral endoscopic cerclage pharyngoplasty in the treatment of VPI.

Laparoscopic colorectal surgery for diverticular disease is not suitable for the early part of the learning curve. A retrospective cohort study.

Aim: We evaluate the challenges of laparoscopic colorectal surgery for diverticular disease.

Methods: Retrospective study of elective laparoscopic colorectal procedures (LCP) performed 2002-2011. The study compares LCP for Diverticular disease (S group) with both LCP for other pathology (C1 group) and open procedures for diverticular disease (C2 group).

Patient profile and outcome of pilomatrixoma in district general hospital in United kingdom.

Introduction: A pilomatrixoma is a benign appendage tumour related to hair cells matrix. Most of the literature review about pilomatrixoma is in the form of case reports with fewer cohort studies. The objective of this cohort is to study the variable demographic characteristics, presentation and histopathology of this condition among a larger group of patients.

Short-term outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal resection in patients with previous abdominal operations.

Background: Laparoscopic colorectal procedures (LCPs) are technically demanding; previous abdominal surgery may add to their complexity. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of previous abdominal surgery (PAS) on laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

Subjects And Methods: A prospective database was used to record LCPs between 2001 and 2011.

Internal herniation following laparoscopic left hemicolectomy: an underreported event.

Purpose: Laparoscopic colorectal surgery creates fewer adhesions compared with open colorectal resection. Small bowel obstruction after laparoscopic colorectal resection may be caused by internal herniation of the small bowel through a colomesenteric defect, probably related to a lack of adhesion formation. This is seen especially after left colonic resections.

Repair of submucous cleft palate with Furlow palatoplasty.

Objective: Submucous cleft palate is a congenital anomaly caused by abnormal insertion of the levator veli palatini muscles to the posterior border of the hard palate, normally these muscles unite together to form the levator sling. Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) may occur in about 10% of cases, our previous treatment protocol was pharyngeal flap that may result in obstructive breathing. Furlow technique seems to be a more physiologic solution as it reconstructs the levator sling.

Appendicitis in paediatric age group: correlation between preoperative inflammatory markers and postoperative histological diagnosis.

Introduction: Clinical diagnosis of appendicitis can be challenging, particularly in the paediatric age group. There is an increased risk of perforation in paediatrics; therefore, a need for sensitive and specific diagnostic tool is mandatory.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of preoperative inflammatory markers in supporting the clinical diagnosis of appendicitis in the paediatric age group.

Portal venous gas and pneumatosis intestinalis; radiologic signs with wide range of significance in surgery.

Background: Portal vein gas (PVG) was described as an uncommon ominous radiologic sign usually harboring an intra-abdominal catastrophe. When accompanied by pneumatosis intestinalis (PI), it is more predictive of bowel ischemia. Since the wide use of computed tomography (CT), both signs could also be viewed as incidental findings during routine radiologic investigations.

Transanal division of the anorectal junction followed by laparoscopic low anterior resection and coloanal pouch anastomosis: A technique facilitated by a balloon port.

We performed a laparoscopic ultra low anterior resection in two patients with low rectal cancers (3 cm from dentate line). A transanal division and continuous suture closure of anorectal junction was performed first followed by laparoscopic low anterior resection. A handsewn anastomosis between colonic pouch/transverse coloplasty and anal canal was facilitated by use of a transanal balloon port.

Furlow technique for treatment of soft palate fistula.

Objective: Fistula of the palate is a common complication of palatoplasty, it leads to nasal regurgitation of fluids and hypernasality of speech. Its treatment is technically difficult due to paucity and fibrosis of palatal tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of closure of soft palate fistula by using Furlow double opposing Z-palatoplasty.

Epstein-Barr virus infection as a cause of cervical lymphadenopathy in children.

Objective: Cervical lymphadenopathy is a common pediatric problem; reactive hyperplasia, specific infective agents, and malignancy are mainly the differential diagnosis. The aim of our study was to detect the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus infection among children who complained of cervical lymphadenopathy and also to evaluate the clinical manifestations of the disease in pediatric patients.

Methods: One hundred and sixty children presented with cervical lymphadenopathy were subjected to Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) serology testing.