Exploring the relationship between the supination resistance test and the effects of foot orthoses on the foot and ankle biomechanics during walking.

Background: The effects of foot orthoses on lower limb biomechanics during walking have been studied extensively. However, the lack of knowledge regarding the effects of various foot orthoses models for the same population complicates model selection in clinical practice and research. Additionally, there is a critical need to enhance our ability to predict the outcomes of foot orthoses using clinical tests, such as the supination resistance test.

Center of pressure palindromes reveals a wobbling standing balance in scoliotic girls.

Background: This study characterized the center of pressure planar displacement by palindromic strings. The objective is to test if the center of pressure pathway of able-bodied girls and those with a moderate and severe scoliosis displayed similar palindromic tendencies.

Methods: The center of pressure excursions of 21 able-bodied girls were compared to 14 girls with a moderate scoliosis and 14 girls with severe one.

Medially wedged foot orthoses generate greater biomechanical effects than thin-flexible foot orthoses during a unilateral drop jump task on level and inclined surfaces.

Background: Foot orthoses are therapeutic insoles designed to induce various effects on lower limb biomechanics. However, conflicting findings in previous research, highlight the need to better understand how foot orthoses with different features affect lower limb biomechanics during challenging tasks, particularly during unilateral drop jump landings.

Methods: Seventeen participants with flat feet were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional descriptive study that examined the effects of thin-flexible foot orthoses and medially wedged foot orthoses on lower limb biomechanics during unilateral drop jump landings on level and valgus inclined surfaces.

Measuring the Effect of Vision on the Synergy of Lower Extremity Muscles during Walking using Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NNMF) Algorithm Method.

Introduction: Lack of visual information in blind people during walking can affect the choice of muscle synergy from among the many incoming messages that reach the central nervous system (CNS). This study aimed to determine the effect of vision on the synergy of lower limb muscles during walking using the nonnegative matrix factorization algorithm (NNMF).

Methods: Ten blind people and 10 people with normal vision participated in this study.

Thick shells and medially wedged posts increase foot orthoses medial longitudinal arch stiffness: an experimental study.

Background: Foot orthoses (FOs) are commonly prescribed devices to attenuate biomechanical deficits and improve physical function in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. It is postulated that FOs provide their effects through the production of reaction forces at the foot-FOs interface. An important parameter to provide these reaction forces is their medial arch stiffness.

Left-Right Differential Erector Spinae Muscles Activation in Prone and Quadruped Positions.

Left-right differential erector spinae (ES) muscle strengthening is required to correct ES muscle imbalances. The objective was to test the effect of 6 body positions on the differential activation of the ES muscles. In 14 able-bodied young women, using a surface electromyography system, the bilateral ES muscles activity at the third lumbar (ESL3) and the 10th (EST10) and 6th (EST6) thoracic vertebral levels was measured with the contralateral arm and leg lifted in the prone and quadruped conditions and with a single arm lifted in the quadruped position.

Ground reaction forces during stair ascending and descending in congenitally blind and sighted individuals.

Background: Stair ascending and descending are common in daily life activities which are challenging for blind individuals. Visual information plays an important role in controlling an individual's movements. However, the relationship between visual information and stair ascending and descending is poorly understood.

Standing Balance Performance and Knee Extensors' Strength in Diabetic Patients with Neuropathy.

Diabetes peripheral neuropathy (DPN) leads to balance impairment among diabetes mellitus (DM). The aims of this study were to (1) distinguish between DM patients who have/do not have DPN and to (2) compare quadriceps' strength and balance performance of DM, DPN, and healthy groups. Fifteen healthy females and 33 females with type 2 diabetic patients participated.

Frequency coherence analysis of postural balance in able-bodied and in non-treated adolescent idiopathic scoliotic girls.

Background: This study test if the frequency coherence calculated for the overall, low and high frequency bandwidths of the center of pressure excursions and free-moment calculated during standing balance are similar between scoliotic and non-scoliotic girls and if the coherence values within each frequency band are comparable for a given group of girls.

Methods: Twenty-nine girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis formed the scoliotic group and 22 able-bodied girls formed the non-scoliotic group. Each girl maintained a quiet upright stance on a force plate.

Muscle activity and kinetics of lower limbs during walking in pronated feet individuals with and without low back pain.

Unlabelled: The objectives of this study were to investigate whether excessive feet pronation alters the joints' kinematics, kinetics and the activity of involved muscles during gait in low back pain patients.

Methods: The lower limb joints' motion, moment and power, as well as the activity of involved muscles during walking were measured in a control group, and two experimental groups including a group with excessive feet pronation only, and another group of low back pain patients with excessive feet pronation.

Results: In both experimental groups, ankle inversion, knee flexion and internal rotation, hip internal rotation, plantar flexors' moment, hip flexors' moment, and peak positive ankle power were lower than those in control group (p < .

Lower limb muscle activity during gait in individuals with hearing loss.

The objective of this study was to investigate the electrical activity of lower limb muscles during gait in an able-bodied control group and in deaf individuals. Thirty male children were equally divided into a control group and a group of deaf children. A portable EMG system was used to record the activity of the bilateral tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis and vastus lateralis muscles during barefoot walking with and without dual task.

Gait ground reaction force characteristics of low back pain patients with pronated foot and able-bodied individuals with and without foot pronation.

Unlabelled: The link between gait parameters and foot abnormalities in association with low back pain is not well understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of excessive foot pronation as well as the association of LBP with excessive foot pronation on the GRF components during shod walking.

Methods: Forty-five subjects were equally divided into a control group, a group of subjects with pronated feet only, and another group with pronated feet and LBP.

The effect of dual task and executive training on pattern of gait in older adults with balance impairment: A Randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of two different approaches of dual-task training and executive training on pattern of gait in older adults with balance impairment.

Methods: Thirty older adults with the mean age of 73.8 participated in the study.

Effects of frontal and sagittal thorax attitudes in gait on trunk and pelvis three-dimensional kinematics.

While sagittal trunk inclinations alter upper body biomechanics, little is known about the extent of frontal trunk bending on upper body and pelvis kinematics in adults during gait and its relation to sagittal trunk inclinations. The objective was to determine the effect of the mean lateral trunk attitude on upper body and pelvis three-dimensional kinematics during gait in asymptomatic subjects. Three gait cycles were collected in 30 subjects using a motion analysis system (Vicon 612) and an established protocol.

Electromyographic activity of erector spinae and external oblique muscles during trunk lateral bending and axial rotation in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and healthy subjects.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze electrical activity of trunk muscles in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients and healthy subjects during trunk lateral bending and rotation movements.

Methods: Ten patients with right thoracic scoliosis [Cobb angle: 29.1° (10.

The effect of interventional proprioceptive training on static balance and gait in deaf children.

Children with hearing impairment have balance and motor deficits primarily due to concomitant damage to the vestibular structures. Although early intervention focused on the development of communication skills, investigations of intervention for the amelioration of balance deficits in children with hearing loss have been minimal and inconclusive. Therefore, using an experimental design, the present study investigated the effect of a 12-session exercise balance program based on proprioception training on balance and gait in deaf as compared with hearing schoolchildren.

Electromyographic responses of erector spinae and lower limb's muscles to dynamic postural perturbations in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate electromyographic (EMG) responses of erector spinae (ES) and lower limbs' muscles to dynamic forward postural perturbation (FPP) and backward postural perturbation (BPP) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and in a healthy control group. Ten right thoracic AIS patients (Cobb=21.6±4.

Head and trunk segment moments of inertia estimation using angular momentum technique: validity and sensitivity analysis.

Classical models to estimate the head and trunk (HT) moments of inertia (I) are limited to populations from which the anthropometric measures were obtained. The purposes of this study were to determine if the angular momentum technique can be used to estimate subject-specific HT's I values and test its validity and sensitivity. Twenty-three adults who participated in this study were divided into three morphological groups according to their body mass index (BMI).

Determination of body segment masses and centers of mass using a force plate method in individuals of different morphology.

Body segment masses and center of mass (COM) locations are required to calculate intersegmental forces and net joint moments using inverse or forward dynamics equations. These inertial properties are estimated from methods involving cadavers or living individuals. The present clinical methods are limited to similar populations from which the anthropometric measures were obtained.

Effect of the calculation methods on body moment of inertia estimations in individuals of different morphology.

Body segment moments of inertia (MOI) are estimated from data obtained from cadavers or living individuals. Though these methods can be valid for the general population, they usually are limited when applied to special populations (e.g.

Forefoot-rearfoot coupling patterns and tibial internal rotation during stance phase of barefoot versus shod running.

Background: Based on twisted plate and mitered hinge models of the foot and ankle, forefoot-rearfoot coupling motion patterns can contribute to the amount of tibial rotation. The present study determined the differences of forefoot-rearfoot coupling patterns as well as excessive excursion of tibial internal rotation in shod versus barefoot conditions during running.

Methods: Sixteen male subjects ran 10 times at 170 steps per minute under the barefoot and shod conditions.