AI in Hepatology: Revolutionizing the Diagnosis and Management of Liver Disease.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into hepatology is revolutionizing the diagnosis and management of liver diseases amidst a rising global burden of conditions like metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). AI harnesses vast datasets and complex algorithms to enhance clinical decision making and patient outcomes. AI's applications in hepatology span a variety of conditions, including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, MASLD, hepatitis B, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Systematic review of machine learning models in predicting the risk of bleed/grade of esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis: A comprehensive methodological analysis.

Esophageal varices (EV) in liver cirrhosis carry high mortality risks. Traditional endoscopy, which is costly and subjective, prompts a shift towards machine learning (ML). This review critically evaluates ML applications in predicting bleeding risks and grading EV in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Outcomes following renal transplantation in patients with chronic hepatitis C based on severity of fibrosis on pre-transplant liver biopsy.

Data regarding long-term outcomes following renal transplantation in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have been controversial. Our aim was to determine whether there is a difference in outcomes between patients with HCV and more advanced fibrosis on pretransplant biopsy and those with minimal or no fibrosis. Patients were divided according to the severity of fibrosis and their outcomes (including acute rejection, chronic rejection, re-initiation of dialysis, progression of liver disease and mortality) were compared.

Impact of pretransplant antinuclear antibody and antismooth muscle antibody titers on disease recurrence and graft survival following liver transplantation in autoimmune hepatitis patients.

Background And Aims: Disease recurrence following transplantation occurs in 20-45% of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Factors associated with an increased risk of recurrence include human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR3 and HLA DR4 positivity, inadequate immunosuppression, and severity of inflammation in the native liver. Titers of several autoantibodies can be elevated in patients with AIH, including antinuclear antibody (ANA) and antismooth muscle antibody (SMA); however, it is unclear whether or not the degree of elevation influences the risk of disease recurrence following transplantation.

Assessment of the PHQ-9 as a screening tool for depression in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Background And Objectives: We examined the test characteristics of the PHQ-9, a new screening tool that has been validated in the general population but not amongst patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Methods: The PHQ-9, CES-D and BDI-II questionnaires were administered to 129 consecutive patients with chronic HCV attending a specialty clinic between August 2005 and April 2006.

Results: Approximately 52% of participants reported symptoms suggesting depression.

Hepatic encephalopathy: a review of its pathophysiology and treatment.

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a broad spectrum of neuropsychiatric manifestations usually affecting individuals with end-stage liver disease. The presence of HE is a poor prognostic sign, with 1-year mortality rates of almost 60%. There is much debate about the underlying mechanisms that result in this syndrome; however, elevated plasma and central nervous system ammonia levels are considered key factors in its pathogenesis.