Type of arrhythmias and the risk of sudden cardiac death in dialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Patients on long-term dialysis for end-stage kidney disease have a high mortality rate, predominantly due to sudden cardiac death (SCD), which is associated with an increased risk of arrhythmias compared to the general population. Thus, the current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the incidence of SCD among dialysis patients at risk of arrhythmia.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines.

Quadrigeminal arachnoid cyst: Factors affecting outcomes and complications in a large series of cases.

Purpose: Arachnoid cysts constitute approximately 1 % of intracranial mass lesions, with quadrigeminal cistern arachnoid cysts being 5-18 % of those. This study presents a series of 31 cases of quadrigeminal cistern arachnoid cysts, constituting the most extensive series reported to date.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 31 patients diagnosed with quadrigeminal cistern arachnoid cysts, focusing on clinical presentation, demographics, treatment approaches, and outcomes.

Intentional Insertion of Air to Predict the Diagnostic Accuracy of Stereotactic Biopsy and a Uniform Grading System for Reporting.

Background And Objectives: Stereotactic biopsies are a relatively safe and reliable way of tissue diagnosis and characterization of eloquent area lesions/neoplasm. However, predicting the accuracy of the site of biopsy with the desired/planned site is not always possible. We describe a technique to identify the precise location of the biopsy site in the post-operative computed tomography (CT) scan using the injection of a low volume of air into the biopsy cannula.

Surgical outcomes of trigonal intraventricular meningiomas: a single-centre study.

Trigonal meningiomas are rare intraventricular tumours that present a surgical challenge. There is no consensus on the optimal surgical approach to these lesions, though the transtemporal and transparietal approaches are most frequently employed. We aimed to examine the approach-related morbidity and surgical nuances in treating trigonal meningiomas.

Decompressive craniectomy in children: indications and outcome from a tertiary centre.

Introduction: The role of decompressive craniectomy (DC) is as a rescue therapy for the treatment of intracranial hypertension. The indications for the DC are variable.

Methods: The clinical details, imaging, operative findings and follow-up data of children less than or equal to 18 years of age were reviewed for more information on the children who underwent DC in the last 5 years.

Prognostic Factors and Outcomes in World Health Organization Grade 1 and Grade 2 Intracranial Meningiomas-5-Year Institutional Experience.

Background: Meningiomas are the most frequent primary intracranial tumor. While histological grade and grade of excision are established predictors of recurrence, the predictive ability of other clinical features, such as the role of radical excision of dural attachment and postoperative radiation therapy in intermediate-risk groups, remains unknown.

Methods: Clinical and radiological features and surgical details were analyzed in 451 World Health Organization (WHO) grade 1 intracranial meningiomas and 248 WHO grade 2 meningiomas operated on between 2010 and 2015.

Suprasellar Multiple Neurocysticercal Cyst Presenting with Visual Loss.

Suprasellar cysticercosis is a rare entity. Only a few cases are reported in the literature. Clinically, present with visual loss and endocrinopathy and radiologically mimic craniopharyngioma, cystic pituitary adenoma, and Rathke cleft cyst.

Three-Year Experience and Outcomes of Near-Early Internal Fixation for Femoral Neck Fractures in Pediatric Trauma Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Background The fractured neck of the femur in children is commonly caused by high-energy trauma, and despite its low incidence, complications are more frequent. Delayed presentation is not unusual in developing countries. The interval between injury and surgery is thought to be a critical factor in determining outcomes.

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery in Partially Embolised Arteriovenous Malformations: Management Dilemmas and Outcomes.

Introduction: The role of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in partially embolized arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) has always remained a subject of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of GKRS in partially embolized AVMs and to analyze factor that influence its obliteration.

Methods: This was a retrospective study from a single institute performed over a period of 12 years (2005-2017).

Propensity Score Matching to Determine the Impact of Metformin on All-Cause Mortality in Older Veterans with Diabetes Mellitus.

Objectives: To determine whether metformin is associated with reduced all-cause mortality in older adults with diabetes mellitus as compared with insulin or sulfonylureas, and to evaluate whether the metformin cumulative exposure followed a dose-response relation.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching in veterans 65 years old and older with diabetes mellitus. Patients who had new prescriptions for metformin were matched for demographic and clinical factors with patients receiving new prescriptions for insulin or sulfonylureas using propensity score matching.

Tetrad of Split Cord Malformation I with Neuroenteric Cyst, Dermoid Cyst, and Thickened Filum Terminale in a 2-Year-Old Child: A Case Report.

Introduction: Split cord malformations (SCMs) are developmental anomalies that are associated with a number of congenital defects. However, a combination of SCM I with a neuroenteric cyst (NEC) is extremely rare, and only 11 cases have been described in the literature. To the best of authors' knowledge, the combination of the above two with dermoid cyst and thickened filum terminale has never been reported in the literature.

The association of health literacy domains with hospitalizations and mortality.

Objectives: To determine whether health literacy, numeracy, and graph literacy are associated with all-cause hospitalizations or mortality in community-dwelling veterans.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: A total of 470 community-dwelling veterans underwent evaluations of health literacy, numeracy, and graph literacy with validated instruments in 2012 and were followed until 2018.

Is there an association between ageist attitudes and frailty?

Background: Frailty is defined as a state of vulnerability to stressors that is associated with higher morbidity, mortality and healthcare utilization in older adults. Ageism is "a process of systematic stereotyping and discrimination against people because they are old." Explicit biases involve deliberate or conscious controls, while implicit bias involve unconscious processes.

Depression but not frailty contributed to a higher risk for all-cause hospitalizations in male older veterans.

Introduction: Frailty is a state of vulnerability to stressors resulting in higher morbidity, mortality, and utilization in older adults. Depression and frailty often coexist, suggesting a bidirectional relationship that may increase the effects of each individual condition on clinical outcomes and health-care utilization in older adults.

Objective: To determine the effects of concurrent frailty and depression on all-cause hospitalizations.

Comparison of intra articular NSAID (ketorolac) injection versus hyaluronic acid injection for the mean decrease of pain score (according to UCLA shoulder rating scale) in the management of adhesive capsulitis.

Adhesive capsulitis is painful condition, associated with gradual loss of active and passive shoulder motion that has a disabling capability. In this study we compared the short term outcome by measuring the mean decrease of pain in adhesive capsulitis using University of California Los-Angeles (UCLA) shoulder rating scale after intra-articular Non-Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Ketorolac and Hyaluronic acid injection. This Randomized controlled trial was carried out using non probability consecutive sampling technique from 1st November 2015 to 30th April 2016.

Cosmetic Outcome of Cranioplasty After Decompressive Craniectomy-An Overlooked Aspect.

Background: Cranioplasty (CP) is an obligatory surgery after decompressive craniectomy (DC). The primary objective is to protect the brain from external injury and prevent syndrome of trephined. In a government hospital, such cases pose a significant burden to a trauma center.

The association of health literacy, numeracy and graph literacy with frailty.

Background: Frailty is a state of vulnerability to stressors which may result in high mortality, morbidity, and health-care utilization in older adults. Whether health literacy, graph literacy and numeracy are associated with frailty is unknown.

Aim: To assess the association of health literacy, numeracy and graph literacy with frailty in male veterans.

Evaluation of diphenhydramine in talc induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats.

Evaluation of diphenhydramine in talc induced type 2 diabetes mellitus was done in Wistar rats. Oral administration of Talc (10mg/kg)carried out for 21days increased the levels of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum creatinine, blood glucose, urea, uric acid and triglycerides (TGs), but when the animals were treated with diphenhydramine (DPH), the levels of the aforementioned biochemical parameters decreased significantly (p<0.0001).

Performance Characterization and Validation of Saliva as an Alternative Specimen Source for Detecting Hereditary Breast Cancer Mutations by Next Generation Sequencing.

Identification of pathogenic germline mutations by next generation sequencing is a widely accepted tool for predicting the risk of hereditary cancer development. Blood is the most common source of DNA for such tests. However, blood as a sample type has many drawbacks, including the invasive collection method, poor sample stability, and a relatively high cost of collection.

Antibiotic prophylaxis in hip surgery: A comparision of two vs. three doses of cefuroxime.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of two-dose regime with a three-dose regime of cefuroxime in the prevention of post-operative wound infection in hip surgery patients and to determine the most effective regime of antibiotic prophylaxis for such patients.

Methods: The prospective, comparative, multi-centre cohort study was conducted from January 1998 to June 1998 at Dundee Royal Infirmary and attached district hospitals (Stirling Royal Infirmary and Falkirk Royal Infirmary). It comprised patients who had hip surgery i.

Elevated IgG levels against specific bacterial antigens in obese patients with diabetes and in mice with diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance.

High fat diets increase the risk for insulin resistance by promoting inflammation. The cause of inflammation is unclear, but germfree mouse studies have implicated commensal gut bacteria. We tested whether diet-induced obesity, diabetes, and inflammation are associated with anti-bacterial IgG.

Steel slag: a waste industrial by-product as an alternative sustainable green building material in construction applications--an attempt for solid waste management.

This investigation explores the possibility of utilizing granular slag as an alternative to fine aggregate (natural sand) in construction applications like masonry and plastering. Construction industry utilizes large volume of fine aggregate in all the applications which has resulted into shortage of good quality naturally available fine aggregate. Use of granular slag serves two fold purposes, i.