Publications by authors named "Nada Reza"
Article Synopsis
- Blood cultures are crucial for managing sepsis and bloodstream infections, relying on swift laboratory processing for accurate clinical decision-making.
- The study created a detailed process map and discrete event simulation (DES) model to analyze blood culture processing, revealing valuable insights on optimization opportunities.
- Results showed that both laboratory technician and scientist availability significantly affect processing times, highlighting the need for improved resource management to enhance patient outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic infection that often shows no symptoms but can be severe in those with weakened immune systems, leading to a dangerous 'hyper-infection' status.
- A review of 1,308 cases in the UK found that 27.7% were asymptomatic, with the highest risk groups being migrants, travellers, and military personnel.
- Common symptoms included abdominal pain (32.1%), skin rashes (38.4%), and diarrhea (12.6%), suggesting that screening should be proactive for individuals showing any symptoms in at-risk categories.
Article Synopsis
- AIgarMIC is an innovative tool that automates and standardizes the measurement of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), addressing challenges of traditional methods that are time-consuming and prone to human error.
- The system uses artificial intelligence, specifically a convolutional neural network, to classify bacterial growth in agar plates, achieving high accuracy rates (94.3% for growth detection and 88.6% for growth inhibition).
- The effectiveness of AIgarMIC was validated against manual methods, showing a 98.9% agreement rate in determining MIC, which enhances the efficiency of large-scale antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance.
SUMMARYThe World Health Organisation's 2022 AWaRe Book provides guidance for the use of 39 antibiotics to treat 35 infections in primary healthcare and hospital facilities. We review the evidence underpinning suggested dosing regimens. Few ( = 18) population pharmacokinetic studies exist for key oral AWaRe antibiotics, largely conducted in homogenous and unrepresentative populations hindering robust estimates of drug exposures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe proliferation of various forms of artificial intelligence (AI) brings many opportunities to improve health care. AI models can harness complex evolving data, inform and augment human actions, and learn from health outcomes such as morbidity and mortality. The global public health challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) needs large-scale optimisation of antimicrobial use and wider infection care, which could be enabled by carefully constructed AI models.
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- - The rise of antimicrobial resistance poses serious risks to health-care systems, food supply chains, and society, largely due to inappropriate antimicrobial treatments.
- - A proposed outcome-based metric called "impresion" aims to help policymakers and health-care leaders improve antimicrobial treatment strategies by providing a measurable framework for assessment.
- - This initiative suggests the use of learning systems incorporating public engagement, advanced technology like AI, and revisions in regulation to create more sustainable antimicrobial practices and drug development, while addressing ethical and practical implications.
Highly pathogenic emm1 Streptococcus pyogenes strains secrete the multidomain Streptococcal inhibitor of complement (SIC) that binds and inactivates components of the innate immune response. We aimed to determine if naturally occurring or vaccine-induced antibodies to SIC are protective against invasive S. pyogenes infection.
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