Immunohistochemical expression of SATB2 and PAX8 in differentiating primary from metastatic ovarian mucinous neoplasms.

Accurate stratification of an ovarian mucinous neoplasm as primary or secondary is always challenging as they show overlapping histomorphological and immunohistochemical features. Immunohistochemical staining for SATB2 and PAX8 was performed on 80 cases of mucinous ovarian neoplasms subdivided into 53 primary [25 primary ovarian mucinous carcinomas (POMCs) and 28 mucinous borderline tumors (MBTs)] and 27 secondary (12 of colonic origin, 7 of appendiceal origin, and 8 of gastric origin). Expression was correlated with different clinicopathologic parameters.

Correlation Between Optical Coherence Tomography and Photopic Negative Response of Flash Electroretinography in Ganglion Cell Complex Assessment in Glaucoma Patients.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between the photopic negative response (PhNR) of the light-adapted flash electroretinography (ERG) and measurements of standard automated perimetry (SAP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in assessment of retinal ganglion cells' (RGCs) affection in glaucoma.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study included 40 eyes of glaucoma patients and 40 eyes of age- and gender-matched normal subjects. Participants underwent a complete ophthalmologic assessment, SAP, OCT, and light-adapted flash ERG using the extended PhNR protocol of the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV).

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers in HCVAssociated Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multivariate Follow Up Study.

Objective: Validated markers to predict recurrence after surgical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are needed. Little data is available regarding epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in HCC. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of EMT markers and their correlation with clinicopathological variables and survival in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated HCC.

A comparative study on the secretion of various cytokines by pulp stem cells at different passages and their neurogenic potential.

Aims: By measuring the extent of cytokines secreted by human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) from passages 2 through 10, the optimal passage of hDPSCs was determined. This offers a potential theoretical basis for the treatment of neurological disorders.

Method: After isolation and culture of hDPSCs from human teeth, the morphological features of the cells were observed under an inverted microscope.

Dental Caries and Associated Factors in 3-5-Year-Old Children in Guizhou Province, China: An Epidemiological Survey (2015-2016).

This study aimed to explore the factors influencing dental caries among 3-5-year-old children in Guizhou Province and the interrelationship between these factors using structural equation modeling, while providing theoretical references to improve the prevention and control strategy. A total of 1,291 children aged 3-5 years in Guizhou Province were selected by a multistage stratified and whole group random sampling to examine the caries prevalence in whole-mouth deciduous teeth crowns, and parents were surveyed with questionnaires to analyze the caries-related factors. IBM SPSS Statistics v 23.

Evaluation of the Effects of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells on the Biological Phenotype of Hypertrophic Keloid Fibroblasts.

Objective: Despite numerous existing treatments for keloids, the responses in the clinic have been disappointing, due to either low efficacy or side effects. Numerous studies dealing with preclinical and clinical trials have been published about effective therapies for fibrotic diseases using mesenchymal stem cells; however, no research has yet been reported to scientifically investigate the effect of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) on the treatment of keloids. The objective is to provide an experimental basis for the application of stem cells in the treatment of keloids.

Cytocompatibility of Bone Substitute Materials and Membranes.

Background/aim: With the demographic change and associated chronic bone loss, the need for cytocompatible bone replacement materials arise in modern medicine. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the cytocompatibility of eleven different bone substitute materials and membranes.

Materials And Methods: Seven bone substitute materials and four membranes were assessed in vitro.

Toward Tailoring the Degradation Rate of Magnesium-Based Biomaterials for Various Medical Applications: Assessing Corrosion, Cytocompatibility and Immunological Effects.

Magnesium (Mg)-based biomaterials hold considerable promise for applications in regenerative medicine. However, the degradation of Mg needs to be reduced to control toxicity caused by its rapid natural corrosion. In the process of developing new Mg alloys with various surface modifications, an efficient assessment of the relevant properties is essential.

Compare features of human dental pulp cells cultured from pulp tissues with and without cryopreservation.

Background And Aims: Teeth extracted are usually disposed as bio-waste whereas they could serve as an autologous tissue for culturing multipotent dental pulp cells which have application potential in regenerative medicine. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of cryopreserving dental pulp tissue at teeth extraction for later culturing of cells.

Methods: The pulp tissue from each of a total of 10 teeth was cut into small fragments which were then divided into two portions.

Expansion of Human Dental Pulp Cells Under Different Cryopreservation Conditions.

Background/aim: To optimize the expansion of human dental pulp cells in vitro by exploring several cryopreservation methodologies.

Materials And Methods: The intra-dental pulp tissues from healthy subjects were extracted and divided into three separate tissue segments, which were randomly divided into the three following groups; the fresh group, the 5% DMSO group, and the 10% DMSO group. In the fresh group, dental pulp cells were directly cultivated as primary cultures, whereas in the DMSO groups, the dental pulp cells were cultivated from cryopreserved pulp tissue segments one month later.

Stem Cells From the Apical Papilla (SCAP) as a Tool for Endogenous Tissue Regeneration.

Stem cells extracted from developing tissues possibly exhibit not only unique but also superior traits against their developed counterparts. Indeed, stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP); a unique group of dental stem cells related to developing roots have been shown to be a promising tool for regenerative endodontic procedures and regeneration in general. Studies have characterized the phenotypic traits as well as other regenerative potentials of these cells.

Effectiveness of ravidasvir plus sofosbuvir in interferon-naïve and treated patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype-4.

Background & Aims: Although treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HCV-genotype-4 (GT4) has become very effective, it remains very expensive, and affordable options are needed, especially in limited resource countries. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of the combination of ravidasvir (an NS5A inhibitor) and sofosbuvir to treat patients with chronic HCV-GT4 infection.

Methods: A total of 300 patients with HCV-GT4 infection were recruited in three groups: treatment-naïve patients with or without compensated Child-A cirrhosis (Group 1); interferon-experienced patients without cirrhosis (Group 2); and interferon-experienced patients with cirrhosis (Group 3).

Cytocompatibility of Direct Laser Interference-patterned Titanium Surfaces for Implants.

In an effort to generate titanium surfaces for implants with improved osseointegration, we used direct laser interference patterning (DLIP) to modify the surface of pure titanium grade 4 of four different structures. We assessed in vitro cytoxicity and cell attachment, as well as the viability and proliferation of cells cultured directly on the surfaces. Attachment of the cells to the modified surfaces was comparably good compared to that of cells on grit-blasted and acid-etched reference titanium surfaces.

E2F3 transcription factor: A promising biomarker in lung cancer.

Background: Many researches aiming to explore the pathogenesis of lung cancer have extensively studied the molecular alteration in such disease.

Objective: In the present study we measured the blood E2F3 mRNA using real-time RT-PCR technique in order to evaluate its clinical significance in early diagnosis and monitoring of lung cancer.

Methods: This case-control study included 50 lung cancer patients, 20 patients with benign lung diseases and 20 healthy controls.

Staging of breast cancer and the advanced applications of digital mammogram: what the physician needs to know?

Objective: To study the role of advanced applications of digital mammogram, whether contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) or digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), in the "T" staging of histologically proven breast cancer before planning for treatment management.

Methods: In this prospective analysis, we evaluated 98 proved malignant breast masses regarding their size, multiplicity and the presence of associated clusters of microcalcifications. Evaluation methods included digital mammography (DM), 3D tomosynthesis and CESM.

Can we apply the MRI BI-RADS lexicon morphology descriptors on contrast-enhanced spectral mammography?

Objective:: To assess the feasibility of using the MRI breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) lexicon morphology descriptors to characterize enhancing breast lesions identified on contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM).

Methods:: The study is a retrospective analysis of the morphology descriptors of 261 enhancing breast lesions identified on CESM in 239 patients. We presented the morphological categorization of the included lesions into focus, mass and non-mass.

Effect of corneal hydration on the quality of the femtosecond laser anterior lamellar cut.

The goal of this study was to assess the effect of corneal hydration on the quality of the femtosecond laser (FSL) anterior lamellar cut. The Visumax FSL was used to dissect an 8-mm-diameter corneal flap in 22 eye bank corneas showing various levels of hydration. The intended ablation depth was 220 µm in all eyes, which corresponded to the maximal depth available with this laser.

Prognostic significance of HLA EMR8-5 immunohistochemically analyzed expression in osteosarcoma.

Background: Defects in Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I antigen expression and/or function in tumor cells have been extensively investigated, because of their potential role in the escape of tumor cells from T cell recognition and destruction. The researchers evaluated HLA class I expression in tumor tissue as a prognostic factor in osteosarcoma patients and as a predictor of their survival. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the pathology laboratory of Ain Shams University Hospital, and Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital during the period between January 2009 and January 2012.

Smoothness assessment of corneal stromal surfaces.

Purpose: To assess the accuracy of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and present alternative approaches to quantify surface roughness based on numerical analysis.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Design: Experimental study.

Implication of protein kinase R gene quantification in hepatitis C virus genotype 4 induced hepatocarcinogenesis.

Background: Protein kinase RNA (PKR-regulated) is a double-stranded RNA activated protein kinase whose expression is induced by interferon. The role of PKR in cell growth regulation is controversial, with some studies supporting a tumour suppressor function and others suggesting a growth-promoting role. However, it is possible that the function of PKR varies with the type of cancer in question.

Immunohistochemical study of Toll-like receptors 1 and 2 expression in cutaneous lichen planus lesions.

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory, T cell-mediated autoimmune skin disease. Innate immunity could explain the interplay between environmental triggers and the autoimmune cascade leading to disease development. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important components of the innate immune system, with no previous evaluation of TLRs 1 and 2 in cutaneous LP.

Comparison of the pig and feline models for full thickness corneal transplantation.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to report on the advantages and limitations of the pig and feline models for experimental in vivo corneal transplantation.

Methods: Ten healthy domestic pigs and ten healthy cats were used. Full thickness penetrating keratoplasty was performed using autologous (eight cases), allogeneic (seven cases) or human xenogeneic (three cases) tissue.

Corneal endothelial toxicity of air and SF6.

Purpose: The authors conducted in vivo assessment of corneal endothelial toxicity of air and SF6 in the feline model. This research was motivated by the increased use of air in anterior segment surgery in human subjects.

Methods: This was a prospective masked study.

Immunohistochemical expression of mismatch repair genes (hMSH2 and hMLH1) in hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt.

Egypt has the highest prevalence rate of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the world. HCV contributes to the development of about 70% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases. Understanding the molecular basis of hepatocarcinogenesis is important for planning the therapeutic regimen for HCC patients.