On Speech Problems with Fixed Restorations on Implants in the Edentulous Maxilla: Introduction of a Novel Management Concept.

Background: Little attention has been paid to the effect of implant restorations on speech.

Purpose: The aim of this study was threefold: (1) to find out if speech problems occur after inserting a fixed provisional restoration in the edentulous maxilla; (2) to explore speech adaptation in case articulation problems arise after rehabilitation; and (3) to describe the effect of changing the shape of the restoration on improving speech.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients with an edentulous maxilla were treated with fixed rehabilitation on implants.

Segmentation of Trabecular Jaw Bone on Cone Beam CT Datasets.

Background: The term bone quality is often used in a dentomaxillofacial context, for example in implant planning, as bone density and bone structure have been linked to primary implant success.

Purpose: This research aimed to investigate the performance of adaptive thresholding of trabecular bone in cone beam CT (CBCT) images. The segmentation quality was assessed for different imaging devices and upper and lower jaws.

Pre-surgical treatment planning of maxillary canine impactions using panoramic vs cone beam CT imaging.

Objectives: The aim of this prospective study was to compare the impact of using two-dimensional (2D) panoramic radiographs and three-dimensional (3D) cone beam CT for the surgical treatment planning of impacted maxillary canines.

Methods: This study consisted of 32 subjects (19 females, 13 males) with a mean age of 25 years, referred for surgical intervention of 39 maxillary impacted canines. Initial 2D panoramic radiography was available, and 3D cone beam CT imaging was obtained upon clinical indication.

Variability of dental cone beam CT grey values for density estimations.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the use of dental cone beam CT (CBCT) grey values for density estimations by calculating the correlation with multislice CT (MSCT) values and the grey value error after recalibration.

Methods: A polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom was developed containing inserts of different density: air, PMMA, hydroxyapatite (HA) 50 mg cm(-3), HA 100, HA 200 and aluminium. The phantom was scanned on 13 CBCT devices and 1 MSCT device.

Clinical diagnosis of hyposalivation in hospitalized patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of clinical criteria for the diagnosis of hyposalivation in hospitalized patients.

Material And Methods: A clinical study was carried out on 145 subjects (48 males; 97 females; aged 20 to 90 years). Each subject was clinically examined, in the morning and in the afternoon, along 1 day.

Comparison of cone beam CT device and field of view for the detection of simulated periapical bone lesions.

Objective: We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of different cone beam CTs (CBCTs) and the influence of field of view (FOV) in diagnosing simulated periapical lesions.

Methods: 6 formalin-fixed lateral mandibular specimens from pigs were used for creating 20 standardized periapical bone defects. 18 roots were selected for the control group.

Variation in costs of cone beam CT examinations among healthcare systems.

Objectives: To analyse the costs of cone beam CT (CBCT) in different healthcare systems for patients with different clinical conditions.

Methods: Costs were calculated for CBCT performed in Cluj (Romania), Leuven (Belgium), Malmö (Sweden) and Vilnius (Lithuania) on patients with (i) a maxillary canine with eruption disturbance, (ii) an area with tooth loss prior to implant treatment or (iii) a lower wisdom tooth planned for removal. The costs were calculated using an approach based on the identification, measurement and valuation of all resources used in the delivery of the service that combined direct costs (capital equipment, accommodation, labour) with indirect costs (patients' and accompanying persons' time, "out of pocket" costs for examination fee and visits).

Pre- and postoperative assessment of sinus grafting procedures using cone-beam computed tomography compared with panoramic radiographs.

Objectives: The present study evaluated the clinical validity of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans in comparison to panoramic radiographs regarding preoperative implant planning in combination with sinus grafting procedures.

Materials And Methods: Preoperative assessment of the maxillary sinuses and implant planning using panoramic radiographs and CBCT scans was performed on 16 sinuses (13 patients) and comprised choice of treatment, timing of implant placement, sinus morphology, level of confidence, complication prediction and graft volume assessment. Six examiners were involved in the study.

Comparison of 6 cone-beam computed tomography systems for image quality and detection of simulated canine impaction-induced external root resorption in maxillary lateral incisors.

Introduction: The most frequent adverse effect of canine impaction is resorption of the adjacent incisors. The subjective image quality and the radiographic diagnostic accuracy for detection of simulated canine-induced external root resorption lesions in maxillary lateral incisors were compared among 6 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems in vitro.

Methods: A child cadaver skull in the early mixed dentition was obtained.

Analysis of intensity variability in multislice and cone beam computed tomography.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the variability of intensity values in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging compared with multislice computed tomography Hounsfield units (MSCT HU) in order to assess the reliability of density assessments using CBCT images.

Material And Methods: A quality control phantom was scanned with an MSCT scanner and five CBCT scanners. In one CBCT scanner, the phantom was scanned repeatedly in the same and in different positions.

The diagnostic efficacy of cone beam CT for impacted teeth and associated features: a systematic review.

This review evaluates the evidence for the diagnostic efficacy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for impacted teeth and associated features. PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched using specific indexing terms and reference lists were hand searched. Two reviewers selected relevant publications on the basis of pre-determined inclusion criteria.

The relationship between the OSTEODENT index and hip fracture risk assessment using FRAX.

Objectives: The OSTEODENT index is a predicted probability of osteoporosis derived from a combination of an automated analysis of a dental panoramic radiograph and clinical information. This index has been proposed as a suitable case-finding tool for identification of subjects with osteoporosis in primary dental care; however, no data exist on the relationship between OSTEODENT index and fracture risk. The aims of this study were to assess the relationship between the OSTEODENT index and hip fracture risk as determined by FRAX and to compare the performance of the OSTEODENT index and FRAX (without femoral BMD data), in determining the need for intervention as recommended in UK national treatment guidance.

Development of a clinically applicable tool for bone density assessment.

Objectives: To assess the accuracy and reliability of new software for radiodensitometric evaluations.

Methods: A densitometric tool developed by MevisLab was used in conjunction with intraoral radiographs of the premolar region in both in vivo and laboratory settings. An aluminum step wedge was utilized for comparison of grey values.

Bone quality assessment based on cone beam computed tomography imaging.

Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the accuracy of fractal analysis and morphometry for bone quality assessment as measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Material And Methods: Nineteen mandibular bone samples were used for the creation of artificial bone lesions (n=5) or decalcification (n=12) to simulate osteoporosis; two samples were used as controls. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and DXA scans were made before and after processing the samples.

Is self-reported alcohol consumption associated with osteoporotic mandibular bone loss in women?

The aim of this study was to determine whether alcohol consumption would predict mandibular bone quality and quantity in a large European female population. In total, 672 middle-aged and elderly women (45-70 yr of age; standard deviation = 6) were recruited in the study. Alcohol consumption was recorded through a self-reported questionnaire.

Replacement therapy for periodontitis: pilot radiographic evaluation in a dog model.

Aim: The aim of this study was to radiologically evaluate the impact of replacement therapy by monitoring bone density changes and alveolar bone level in periodontal pockets in a dog model.

Material And Methods: Eight male beagle dogs with moderate periodontitis were enrolled in this split-mouth, double-blind randomized trial with ethical approval. Periodontal defects were surgically created bilaterally in the lower jaw.

Osteoporosis detection using intraoral densitometry.

Objectives: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of mandibular and maxillary bone density in detecting osteoporosis using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Methods: 671 women between 45 years and 70 years of age underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the hip and lumbar spine. This was the gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis.

Speech adaptation after treatment of full edentulism through immediate-loaded implant protocols.

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of immediate loading of implants on speech adaptation.

Material And Methods: Ten patients (mean age 54, 6 females) were examined before surgery and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months afterwards. Articulation analysis was done using objective DAT-recoded data evaluated by two groups of speech and language therapists and a computer software program.

Is there a relation between local bone quality as assessed on panoramic radiographs and alveolar bone level?

The aim was to explore the relation between radiographic bone quality on panoramic radiographs and relative alveolar bone level. Digital panoramic radiographs of 94 female patients were analysed (mean age, 44.5; range, 35-74).

Bone density measurements in intra-oral radiographs.

Jaw bone density measurements are applicable in many clinical situations to assess bone tissue. To be able to implement research findings in clinical reality, tools must be simple and low cost. Intra-oral radiographs including a reference material perform well as a densitometric tool.

Accuracy and precision of a densitometric tool for jaw bone.

Objectives: To develop a digital densitometric tool for jaw bone to analyse intraoral radiographs. To assess precision and accuracy for this tool and determine the minimal detection threshold for density changes.

Methods: Bone samples deriving from the premolar region of 47 human mandibles were selected for analysis.

The influence of oral implant-supported prostheses on articulation and myofunction.

The aim of the present research was to assess articulation and myofunction in patients wearing fixed or removable prostheses supported by oral implants. 164 edentulous patients with implant supported prostheses were divided in four subgroups, dependent on their dental status, and compared to control groups of forty five subjects having a natural dentition. More than fifteen articulatory and myofunctional parameters were evaluated.