Prophylactic and Therapeutic Efficacy of Ultrasonicated Rosmarinus officinalis Ethanolic Extract and its Chitosan-Loaded Nanoparticles Against Eimeria tenella Infected Broiler Chickens.

Purpose: The in vivo efficacy of ultrasonicated Rosmarinus officinalis ethanolic extract (UROEE) and its chitosan-loaded nanoparticles (UROEE-CsNPs) was investigated as a dietary prophylactic agent and as a therapeutic treatment against Eimeria tenella infected broiler chickens.

Methods: Chickens were infected with 4 × 10 E. tenella oocysts at 21 days old for primary infection and with 8 × 10 oocysts at 35 days old for secondary infection.

Dual mechanism (sunlight/dark) of the self-assembly nitazoxanide drug on cellulose nanocrystal surface for destroying the Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts.

Destruction of the cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) Oocysts is the main target of the work via the improvement effect of the nitazoxanide (NTZ) drug by increasing the drug adsorption process without changing the cell viability. The synthesis of a self-assembly nanocomposite (NCP) of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and NTZ drug was performed successfully via the chemical precipitation methods without utilizing the temperature.

In Vitro Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Ultrasonicated Ethanolic Extract of Rosmarinus officinalis and its Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles Against Eimeria tenella Oocysts of Chickens.

In this study, chitosan nanoparticles (CsNPs) were used as nanocarrier for ultrasonicated ethanolic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis (UEERO) as a new nanoformulation against Eimeria tenella. Herein, CsNPs have been synthesized by ionic gelation method at pH 3 (CsNPs3) and pH 5 (CsNPs5), followed by characterization of morphology, size, polydispersity index (PDI), surface charge, and loading efficiency of UEERO. An in vitro sporulation inhibition assay (10, 5, 2.