Future of kidney stone management: surgical intervention miniaturization of PCNL: where is the limit?

Purpose Of Review: Miniaturization was the major trend in percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the past 15 years, aiming to lower tract-size-related complication rates while maintaining good stone-free-rates (SFR). Although there is some evidence that 18 Fr Mini-percutaneous lithotomy (PCNL) has comparable efficacy to conventional PCNL and a lower risk of bleeding, it is less clear whether further miniaturization led to an even better safety profile while maintaining good SFR. The present review evaluates the latest results on efficacy, safety, and feasibility of miniaturized techniques 14 Fr or less in PCNL.

Functional and oncological outcomes of patients aged <50 years treated with radical prostatectomy for localised prostate cancer in a European population.

Objective: To address the biochemical and functional outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP) of men aged <50 years in a large European population.

Patients And Methods: Among 13,268 patients who underwent RP for clinically localised prostate cancer at our centre (1992-2011), 443 (3.3%) men aged <50 were identified.

Complement-dependent and complement-independent cytotoxicity of polyclonal antithymocyte globulins in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Objective: Despite important progress in its management, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) remains incurable with standard therapies. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is a potentially curative therapy for patients with CLL. Polyclonal antithymocyte (or anti-T-cell) globulins (ATGs) are used for conditioning in allogeneic SCT mainly due to their anti-T-cell activity.