Investigating neutropenic enterocolitis: a systematic review of case reports and clinical insights.

Background: Neutropenic enterocolitis is a serious gastrointestinal complication that can develop in patients undergoing chemotherapy or other immunosuppressive treatments. It is characterized by inflammation and necrosis of the bowel, and most commonly affects the cecum and ascending colon. Although individual case reports have described the features of NE, a comprehensive synthesis of all the published cases is required.

Outcomes of Immunotherapy Treatment in Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma.

Background: Sinonasal mucosal melanoma has poor survival despite multimodality treatment. While the impact of immunotherapy (IT) on metastatic cutaneous melanoma is well-defined, there are relatively little data on sinonasal mucosal melanoma.

Objective: We sought to define immunotherapy outcomes in patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma.

Aspergillus-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in pediatric cancer patients, clinical characteristics, imaging findings, and survival.

Aspergillus-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a challenge to diagnose in immunocompromised pediatric cancer patients with Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis (IPA). If not recognized, it can mimic disease progression and lead to overtreatment. Studies on Aspergillus-related IRIS in the pediatric population are scarce.

Comprehensive Management of Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis Post-COVID-19: A Case Report.

Post-COVID-19 mucormycosis, particularly the rhino-orbital-cerebral form, can be life-threatening. This case highlights the importance of maintaining high clinical suspicion, especially in patients with recent COVID-19 history. Prompt diagnosis, aggressive surgical debridement, and antifungal therapy are crucial for successful management, even in patients without traditional risk factors.

Clinical challenges in bone tissue engineering - A narrative review.

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has emerged as a promising approach to address large bone defects caused by trauma, infections, congenital malformations, and tumors. This review focuses on scaffold design, cell sources, growth factors, and vascularization strategies, highlighting their roles in developing effective treatments. We explore the complexities of balancing mechanical properties, porosity, and biocompatibility in scaffold materials, alongside optimizing mesenchymal stem cell delivery methods.

Moldable Alginate/Hydroxyapatite Hydrogel Loaded with Metformin Enhanced Regeneration of the Rabbit Mandibular Defects.

Background: Moldable hydrogel-based techniques loaded with osteoinductive agents such as metformin have become a promising field for reconstructing critical-sized bone defects, particularly in those with irregular shapes. Here, we used metformin incorporated in an alginate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel to accelerate the repair of the rabbit critical-sized mandibular defect.

Methods: Cytotoxicity and osteoinduction of the metformin-loaded alginate/hydroxyapatite hydrogel were evaluated by culturing the osteosarcoma cell line (MG63).

Comparing sinonasal quality of life in pediatric nasal obstruction: Inferior turbinate cauterization vs turbinoplasty - A pilot study.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the impacts of inferior turbinate monopolar submucosal cauterization and microdebrider-assisted inferior turbinoplasty on the sinonasal quality of life in pediatric patients with chronic nasal obstruction.

Study Design: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Tertiary hospital.

Self-Assembly of a Hierarchical Metal-Organic Framework at the Liquid/Liquid Interface via π-π Stacking Manipulations in Organoplatinum(IV) Complexes for Methanol Fuel Cells.

This study focuses on the facile synthesis of the hierarchical architecture of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) films containing an ultrasmall amount of Pt(0) by investigating the synthesis of different organoplatinum complexes and manipulating the π-π stacking effect in these complexes at the liquid/liquid interface. The organometallic Pt(IV) precursors were complexes with a formula of [PtXMe(R)(bpy)] (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; for complex , R = CHCH═CHCH and X = Br; for complex , R = CHCH═CH and X = Br; for complex , R = Me and X = I) prepared by oxidative addition of cinnamyl bromide, allyl bromide, or methyl iodide to [PtMe(bpy)] (complex ). Different thin films were synthesized starting from three organometallic Pt(IV) precursors (i) by reduction of the Pt complexes at the toluene/water interface (-), (ii) by encapsulation of the Pt precursors in a ZIF-8 (-), and (iii) by reduction of the Pt precursors onto a ZIF-8 (-).

The relationship between cleft palate repair technique and audiological outcomes: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Otitis media with effusion is common in children with cleft palates. This study aimed to investigate the link between palatal closure techniques and audiological outcomes.

Methods: In this retrospective-prospective cohort study, we examined the relationship between palate repair techniques and hearing outcomes in children with cleft palates.

Association of Demographic, Clinical, and Vaccination Characteristics with COVID-19 Viral Load Assessed by qRT-PCR.

Background: The effect of vaccination on the SARS-CoV-2 baseline viral load and clearance during COVID-19 infection is debatable. This study aimed to assess the effects of demographic and vaccination characteristics on the viral load of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: We included the patients referred for outpatient SARS-CoV-2 qRT-PCR (reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction) test between July and September 2022.

Gender inequality and burden of orofacial clefts in the Eastern Mediterranean region: findings from global burden of disease study 1990-2019.

Background: Gender inequality may be associated with the burden of orofacial clefts (OFCs), particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). To investigate the OFCs' burden and its association with gender inequality in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR).

Methods: Country-specific data on the OFCs' prevalence and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019 were gathered from the Global Burden of Disease database by age and gender.

Beyond aesthetics: A case report of pneumosinus dilatans frontalis presenting with headache.

Introduction And Importance: The Pneumosinus Dilatans (PSD) Frontalis is an uncommon condition characterized by abnormal enlargement of the aerated frontal sinus with normal thickness sinus walls. The major complication is aesthetics; however, some cases present with sinus obstructive symptoms.

Case Presentation: A 32-year-old male presented with complaints of an asymmetrical protrusion on his forehead, as well as recurrent headaches.

Exploring the potential and safety of quantum dots in allergy diagnostics.

Biomedical investigations in nanotherapeutics and nanomedicine have recently intensified in pursuit of new therapies with improved efficacy. Quantum dots (QDs) are promising nanomaterials that possess a wide array of advantageous properties, including electronic properties, optical properties, and engineered biocompatibility under physiological conditions. Due to these characteristics, QDs are mainly used for biomedical labeling and theranostic (therapeutic-diagnostic) agents.

Cohort analysis of 50% lethal area (LA50) and associating factors in burn patients based on quality improvements and health policies.

Burn injuries are among the common traumatic injuries, which can be accompanied with lifelong morbidity and mortality. The Lethal Area Fifty Percent (LA50) index is another reliable outcome measurement tool that assesses the standard of medical care at burn centers. It is widely used as a benchmark for assessing the quality of burn care and is considered the percentage at which 50% of burn patients are expected to die because of burn-related injuries.

Osteoma in the upper cervical spine: A case report and comprehensive literature review.

Introduction And Importance: Osteoma is a benign, and usually asymptomatic bone tumor normally found in the skull and facial bones, although it can occasionally occur in the long bones and spine.

Case Presentation: In this article, we present a 49-year-old male patient who experienced progressive neck pain accompanied by left-sided radicular pain symptoms. Clinical investigation using various imaging techniques confirmed a bone-forming lesion located within the C1 vertebrae region.

Predictive factors for decreased baseline quality of life in patients with sinonasal malignancies.

Background: The impact of sinonasal malignancies (SNMs) on quality of life (QOL) at presentation is poorly understood. The Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and University of Washington Quality of Life (UWQOL) are validated QOL instruments with distinctive subdomains. This study aims to identify factors impacting pretreatment QOL in SNM patients to personalize multidisciplinary management and counseling.

Prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder in rhinoplasty candidates: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a prevalent mental disorder, particularly in those seeking plastic surgery, leading to unnecessary surgeries and postsurgical dissatisfaction. Among the plastic surgeries, rhinoplasty is the most commonly sought, yet the data on prevalence of BDD among the candidates of rhinoplasty is limited. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of BDD in rhinoplasty candidates.

Anomalous Self-Organization in Active Piles.

Inspired by recent observations on active self-organized critical (SOC) systems, we designed an active pile (or ant pile) model with two ingredients: beyond-threshold toppling and under-threshold active motions. By including the latter component, we were able to replace the typical power-law distribution for geometric observables with a stretched exponential fat-tailed distribution, where the exponent and decay rate are dependent on the activity's strength (ζ). This observation helped us to uncover a hidden connection between active SOC systems and α-stable Levy systems.

Systemic aspergillosis in a patient with interferon gamma receptor 1 deficiency; a case report.

Background: Interferon-gamma receptor deficiency is a heterogeneous spectrum of disease which involves mutations in IFNGR1, IFNGR2 genes, and the downstream signaling proteins such as STAT1. These mutations are associated with immunodeficiency 27 A and 27B, making the patient prone to mycobacterial infections. Patients with this condition are also at increased risk for affliction with viral and bacterial infections, such as with the Herpesviridae family, Listeria, and Salmonella.

Swarming Transition in Super-Diffusive Self-Propelled Particles.

A super-diffusive Vicsek model is introduced in this paper that incorporates Levy flights with exponent α. The inclusion of this feature leads to an increase in the fluctuations of the order parameter, ultimately resulting in the disorder phase becoming more dominant as α increases. The study finds that for α values close to two, the order-disorder transition is of the first order, while for small enough values of α, it shows degrees of similarities with the second-order phase transitions.

Mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of dimethyl fumarate in ischemic stroke.

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an immunomodulatory drug currently approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and psoriasis. Its benefits on ischemic stroke outcomes have recently come to attention. To date, only tissue plasminogen activators (tPAs) and clot retrieval methods have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

DNA binding properties and cytotoxic effects of two double rollover cycloplatinated (II) complexes on cancer cell lines.

In this study, the DNA binding capacity and cytotoxic effects of two double rollovers cycloplatinated complexes, [Pt(μ-bpy-2H)(CFCOO)(PPh)] and [Pt(μ-bpy-2H)(I)(PPh)] denoted as C1 and C2, respectively, were evaluated. By using UV-Visible spectroscopy the intrinsic binding constant (K) of C1 and C2 to DNA were determined as 2.9 × 10 M, and 5.