The Social Problems of Morbidly Obese Patients on a Community Level: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: To identify the predictors and social problems of obese patients in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for the period between July 2016 and January 2017. The study population consisted of obese patients visiting the surgery clinics following the medical examinations required before obesity surgery.

Long-Term Weight Outcomes after Bariatric Surgery: A Single Center Saudi Arabian Cohort Experience.

Background: Obesity is considered a global chronic disease requiring weight management through lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy, or weight loss surgery. The dramatic increase in patients with severe obesity in Saudi Arabia is paralleled with those undergoing bariatric surgery. Although known to be beneficial in the short term, the long-term impacts of surgery within this group and the sustainability of weight loss after surgery remains unclear.

A Proteomics-Based Approach Reveals Differential Regulation of Urine Proteins between Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obese Patients.

Metabolic dysfunction associated with obesity threatens to inundate health care resources by increasing the incidences of obesity-related diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes in the urinary proteome of 18 individuals classified into metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO) patients. Proteome analysis was performed using the two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS).

A Proteomics Based Approach Reveals Differential Regulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue Proteins between Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obese Patients.

Obesity and the metabolic disorders that constitute metabolic syndrome are a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Nonetheless, the changes in the proteins and the underlying molecular pathways involved in the relevant pathogenesis are poorly understood. In this study a proteomic analysis of the visceral adipose tissue isolated from metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese patients was used to identify presence of altered pathway(s) leading to metabolic dysfunction.

Comparison of the efficacy of standard bariatric surgical procedures on Saudi population using the bariatric analysis and reporting outcome system.

To  compare the efficacy of various standard bariatric surgical procedures using the Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System (BAROS). Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive analytical study conducted in 2 medical institutions in Saudi Arabia. A total of 270 patients who had different bariatric surgery during the period between March 2010 and December 2012 were included.

Health professions' students have an alarming prevalence of depressive symptoms: exploration of the associated factors.

Background: There is a need to better understand the depression phenomenon and to clarify why some students become depressed and others don't. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of depressive symptoms among health professions' (HP) students, and to explore the association between socio-demographic factors (e.g.

Body composition analysis to determine gender specific physical fitness equations in a cohort of Saudi population.

Objective: To determine an association between body composition analysis and physical fitness in the Saudi population and derive gender specific physical fitness equations.

Methods: A total of 530 healthy Saudi adults aged 15-72 years (mean 37.16±14.

A proteomic analysis of excreted and circulating proteins from obese patients following two different weight-loss strategies.

Bariatric surgery is the most successful therapeutic approach to weight loss, but how it leads to weight loss, and how it resolves obesity-related complications, including type-2 diabetes, are poorly understood. This study, comprising two groups of individuals, one on a low-calorie diet (n = 5) and one undergoing bariatric surgery (n = 7), used both targeted and untargeted proteomic approaches to determine changes in protein levels pre- and post-intervention (i.e.

Association of angiotensin converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and familial hypercholesterolemia in the Saudi population.

Background: The study of the association between genotype and phenotype is of great importance for the prediction of multiple diseases and pathophysiological conditions. The relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) Insertion/Deletion (I/D) polymorphism and Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) has been not fully investigated in all the ethnicities. In this study we sought to determine the frequency of I/D polymorphism genotypes of ACE gene in Saudi patients with FH.

Robotic general surgery experience: a gradual progress from simple to more complex procedures.

Background: Robotic surgery was introduced at our institution in 2003, and we used a progressive approach advancing from simple to more complex procedures.

Methods: A retrospective chart review.

Results: Cases included totalled 129.

Orosomucoid serum concentrations and fat depot-specific mRNA and protein expression in humans.

Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, which contributes to systemic metabolic irregularities and obesity-linked metabolic disorders. Orosomucoid (ORM), an acute phase reactant protein, was shown to be produced in response to metabolic and inflammatory signals in the adipose tissue of obese mice, which protects them from severe inflammation and subsequent metabolic dysfunction. In this study, we examined whether there are site-specific differences between visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT, respectively) ORM gene and protein expression from individuals with a wide range of obesity and the relationship between expressed and circulating ORM levels and measures of adiposity, insulin resistance, and pro- and anti-inflammatory markers and adipokines.

Improvement of psychometric properties of the objective structured clinical examination when assessing problem solving skills of surgical clerkship.

Objective: To improve the psychometric properties of the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) and elevate staff motivation.

Methods: The OSCE was conducted in May 2006 at the Department of Surgery, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia as a pilot study for 95 students split over 2 consecutive days lasting 120 minutes each day. There were 15 actual stations on each day consisting of 10 stations that addressed problem solving skills, and 5 addressed clinical skills testing.

Trauma care systems in Saudi Arabia: an agenda for action.

Saudi Arabia is undergoing a rapid population growth that along with improved socioeconomics has led many individuals to own a car or even a number of cars per family, resulting in a greater number of vehicles on the roads. The reduced focus on good public transportation systems and the dependence on cars for transportation have created a diversity of drivers who are unfamiliar with the local driving rules and lack the basic skills for safe driving. This is in addition to some young drivers who frequently violate traffic laws and tend to speed most of the time.

Reliability, validity, and feasibility of the Objective Structured Clinical Examination in assessing clinical skills of final year surgical clerkship.

Objective: To report our experience with measurements of the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) conducted for the final surgical clerkship year.

Methods: A pilot study of the OSCE was conducted on 64 students split over 2 consecutive days lasting 160 minutes each day in May 22-23, 2005 at the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. There were 24 actual stations in day one and 22 in day 2, consisting of combinations of history taking/communication skills, physical examination skills, and problem solving skills.

Clinicopathological pattern of malignant parotid gland tumors in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: To report our experience of varied presentations and diverse histopathological spectrum of parotid gland malignancies.

Methods: This retrospective analysis incorporated patients with histological evidence of malignant parotid tumors at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia over a 20-year period from 1984 through 2004. The medical records of these patients were analyzed for their demographic characteristics, clinical features, operations performed, and pathological diversity.

Malignant melanoma of the small bowel with unknown primary: a case report.

Primary small bowel tumours are rare. However, alongwith stomach it is the most frequent site for metastatic tumours, malignant melanoma being the commonest tumour. The prevalence of malignant melanoma in the gastrointestinal tract without any evidence of a primary lesion in the skin or any other site is extremely rare.

Outpatient pilonidal sinotomy complemented with good wound and surrounding skin care.

Objective: To describe an improved method for treating pilonidal sinus disease.

Methods: An outpatient procedure involves laying the pilonidal sinus tract open under local anesthesia, removal of hair and debris, curettage of granulation tissue, with subsequent daily dressing, weekly shaving, and let it heal by secondary intention. The medical records of 100 patients underwent this procedure were studied regarding complications, healing time, and recurrence.

Quality improvement data analysis of a mass casualty event.

Trauma auditing is important for monitoring the process of trauma care and outcome prediction. This pilot study was conducted to evaluate quality improvement (QI) data following a mass casualty event and discuss its impact on the trauma care process and outcome. A pre-designed trauma quality improvement data set was used for all 103 injured patients admitted to Asir Central Hospital, Saudi Arabia, who were involved in a single motor vehicle crash.

The use of laparoscopy to assess viability of slipped content in incarcerated inguinal hernia: a case report.

Incarcerated inguinal hernia classically has been managed by initially attempting gentle reduction or spontaneous reduction with systemic analgesics and slight feet elevation over 24 to 48 hours and, if unsuccessful, by urgent surgical repair. We report a case of incarcerated inguinal hernia in which at open surgical repair the contents of the hernial sac slipped into the abdomen before evaluation. Using laparoscopy, the involved bowel was retrieved into the groin and its viability assessed.

Evaluation of trauma registry data in Asir region.

Objective: To analyze and report trauma registry data; to assess the validity, reliability, and feasibility of the trauma registry; and to discuss lessons learned from this event.

Methods: A pre-designed trauma registry data was used for all injured patients admitted to Asir Central hospital after being involved in a major motor vehicle accident. A survey team registered and analyzed the trauma registry data using the statistics software SPSS for windows.

Evaluation of trauma registry data in Asir region.

Objective: To analyze and report trauma registry data; to assess the validity, reliability, and feasibility of the trauma registry; and to discuss lessons learned from this event.

Methods: A pre-designed trauma registry data was used for all injured patients admitted to Asir Central hospital after being involved in a major motor vehicle accident. A survey team registered and analyzed the trauma registry data using the statistics software SPSS for windows.