National trends in the prevalence and recurrence of anaphylaxis across all ages: The role of neighborhood deprivation and comorbidity (2002-2019).

Background: Understanding the trends of anaphylaxis and risk factors associated with its recurrence is essential for the effective management and prevention of this condition.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the prevalence trends of anaphylaxis and identify risk factors for recurrence, with a focus on the influence of neighborhood deprivation and comorbidities, across all age groups.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective administrative cohort study on anaphylaxis utilizing the National Health Insurance-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) database in Korea (2002-2019).

Structure-activity relationships between nitrile analogues and acaricidal activities against Haemaphysalis longicornis.

Background: A recent increase in severe fever with thrombocytopaenia syndrome (SFTS) virus cases in Korea has been observed. This virus attacks humans and animals, and no drug is available for its treatment. This study is investigating potential control measures targeting the causative agent, Haemaphysalis longicornis.

Nationwide human biomonitoring strategy in Korea: Prioritization of novel contaminants using GC/TOF-MS with suspect and non-target screening.

According to global regulations on hazardous chemicals, numerous alternatives have been manufactured and used in various consumer products. Suspect and non-target analyses are advanced analytical techniques used for identifying novel contaminants. In the present study, suspect and non-target analytical approaches using a gas chromatography coupled to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer were applied to identify novel contaminants in 40 pooled serum samples from a sub-population (n = 400) of the 2015-2017 national biomonitoring program.

Investigating the nature of spatial codes for different modes of Simon tasks: Evidence from congruency sequence effects and delta functions.

Simon effects have been observed to arise from different modes of spatial information (e.g., physical location, arrow direction, and location word).

Pressure-Dependent Superconductivity in Topological Dirac Semimetal SrCuBi.

The discovery of superconducting states in diverse topological materials generates a burgeoning interest to explore a topological superconductor and to realize a fault-tolerant topological quantum computation. A variety of routes to realize topological superconductors are proposed, and many types of topological materials are developed. However, a pristine topological material with a natural superconducting state is relatively rare as compared to topological materials with artificially induced superconductivity.

A mitochondrial NAD/NADH kinase governs fungal virulence through an oxidative stress response and arginine biosynthesis in Fusarium graminearum.

NADP/NADPH plays an indispensable role in cellular metabolism, serving as a pivotal cofactor in numerous enzymatic processes involved in anabolic pathways, antioxidant defense, and the biosynthesis of essential cellular components. NAD/NADH kinases (NADKs) phosphorylate NAD/NADH, constituting the sole de novo synthetic pathway for NADP/NADPH generation. Despite the pivotal role of NADP/NADPH in cellular functions, the physiological role of NADK remains largely unexplored in filamentous fungi.

Aiouea padiformis extract exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the ATPase activity of NLRP3.

Inflammation is implicated as a cause in many diseases. Most of the anti-inflammatory agents in use are synthetic and there is an unmet need for natural substance-derived anti-inflammatory agents with minimal side effects. Aiouea padiformis belongs to the Lauraceae family and is primarily found in tropical regions.

Guarea microcarpa C. DC. extract inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome by suppressing its ATPase activity.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Guarea genus comprises tropical and subtropical terrestrial herbs inhabiting Central and South America. These plants, including Guarea guidonia (L.) Sleumer, have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral, and immune-enhancing properties.

Sulfur metabolism-mediated fungal glutathione biosynthesis is essential for oxidative stress resistance and pathogenicity in the plant pathogenic fungus .

is a destructive fungal pathogen that causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) on a wide range of cereal crops. To control fungal diseases, it is essential to comprehend the pathogenic mechanisms that enable fungi to overcome host defenses during infection. Pathogens require an oxidative stress response to overcome host-derived oxidative stress.

Comprehensive evaluation of drug cases in Seoul and its metropolitan areas - 2022.

In order to prepare a response strategy for future drug analyses, the number and results of drug cases handled by the Seoul Institute of National Forensic Service were comprehensively evaluated, with a focus on Seoul and its metropolitan areas. In 2022, the Seoul Institute received approximately 12,150 requests for drug testing related to drug abuse and possession, and the urine samples were tested for approximately 16,000 drug species. The most frequently requested test was for cannabis (Δ-9-THC and Δ-8-THC), followed by methamphetamine, MDMA, ketamine, and synthetic cannabinoids.

Differences of Host Country-Destination Image Assessment for International Students According to Risk Perception in COVID-19 Tourism.

The study examined the comparative assessment of destination image according to the perception of COVID-19 and travel risk among international students. The online survey was administered to 786 international students enrolled in universities in Korea. Cluster analysis was performed, and three distinct clusters were identified based on risk perception.

Visual Complexity of Head-Up Display in Automobiles Modulates Attentional Tunneling.

Objective: To investigate how the visual complexity of head-up displays (HUDs) influence the allocation of driver's attention in two separate visual domains (near and far domains).

Background: The types and amount of information displayed on automobile HUDs have increased. With limited human attention capacity, increased visual complexity in the near domain may lead to interference in the effective processing of information in the far domain.

Past and Future Epidemiological Perspectives and Integrated Management of Rice Bakanae in Korea.

In the past, rice bakanae was considered an endemic disease that did not cause significant losses in Korea; however, the disease has recently become a serious threat due to climate change, changes in farming practices, and the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains. Since the bakanae outbreak in 2006, its incidence has gradually decreased due to the application of effective control measures such as hot water immersion methods and seed disinfectants. However, in 2013, a marked increase in bakanae incidence was observed, causing problems for rice farmers.

One-year Cohort Follow-up on the Diagnosis and Posttraumatic Symptoms in Child Sexual Assault Victims in Korea.

Objective: The victims and their families of child sexual abuse (CSA) may confront persistent psychological sequela. We aimed to investigate the psychological symptoms, diagnosis, and family functions in children and adolescents with CSA.

Methods: We assessed the symptom scales at 6-month intervals, and conducted diagnostic re-assessments at 1-year intervals.

Diabetic bone regeneration with nanoceria-tailored scaffolds by recapitulating cellular microenvironment: Activating integrin/TGF-β co-signaling of MSCs while relieving oxidative stress.

Regenerating defective bone in patients with diabetes mellitus remains a significant challenge due to high blood glucose level and oxidative stress. Here we aim to tackle this issue by means of a drug- and cell-free scaffolding approach. We found the nanoceria decorated on various types of scaffolds (fibrous or 3D-printed one; named nCe-scaffold) could render a therapeutic surface that can recapitulate the microenvironment: modulating oxidative stress while offering a nanotopological cue to regenerating cells.

Identifying the Correlation between Structural Parameters and Anisotropic Magnetic Properties in IMnV Semiconductors: A Possible Room-Temperature Magnetism.

Layer-structured materials are of central importance in a wide range of research fields owing to their unique properties originating from their two dimensionality and anisotropy. Herein, quasi-2D layer-structured IMnV (I: alkali metals and V: pnictogen elements) compounds are investigated, which are potential antiferromagnetic (AFM) semiconductors. Single crystals of IMnV compounds are successfully grown using the self-flux method and their electronic and magnetic properties are analyzed in correlation with structural parameters.

Network-based integrated analysis for toxic effects of high-concentration formaldehyde inhalation exposure through the toxicogenomic approach.

Formaldehyde is a colorless, pungent, highly reactive, and toxic environmental pollutant used in various industries and products. Inhaled formaldehyde is a human and animal carcinogen that causes genotoxicity, such as reactive oxygen species formation and DNA damage. This study aimed to identify the toxic effects of inhaled formaldehyde through an integrated toxicogenomic approach utilizing database information.

Cell Membrane-Cloaked Nanotherapeutics for Targeted Drug Delivery.

Cell membrane cloaking technique is bioinspired nanotechnology that takes advantage of naturally derived design cues for surface modification of nanoparticles. Unlike modification with synthetic materials, cell membranes can replicate complex physicochemical properties and biomimetic functions of the parent cell source. This technique indeed has the potential to greatly augment existing nanotherapeutic platforms.

A Study on Myogenesis by Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cytotoxic Activity by Selenium Nanoparticles.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously produced by skeletal muscle during contractile activity and even at rest. However, the ROS generated from excessive exercise or traumatic damage may produce more ROS than can be neutralized by an antioxidant capacity, which can be harmful to muscle function. In particular, selenium is a known antioxidant that regulates physiological functions such as cell differentiation and anti-inflammatory function.