Discovery of 1,2,3-triazole-based pleuromutilin derivatives as potent gram-positive antibacterial agents.

A novel class of pleuromutilin derivatives possessing 1,2,3-triazole as the linker connected to phenyl analogues were designed. The antibacterial properties of the prepared compounds were assessed in vitro against five strains (E. coli, S.

Self-assembled gel microneedle formed by MS deep eutectic solvent as a transdermal delivery system for hyperpigmentation treatment.

Hyperpigmentation (HP) is an unfavorable skin disease that typically caused by injury, inflammation, or photoaging and leads to numerous physical and psychological issues in patients. Recently, development and application of natural whitening substances, particularly compound curcumin (CUR), is one of the most prevalent treatments for HP. However, it is still a formidable challenge to improve the percutaneous delivery of CUR due to its inadequate solubility in water and excellent barrier function of skin.

Characterization and expression patterns of lysozymes reveal potential immune functions during male pregnancy of seahorse.

Seahorses are one of the most amazing ovoviviparous fishes in the ocean because males, and not females, have evolved a brood pouch for incubating embryos. During male pregnancy, paternal seahorses need to develop effective immune protection for embryos in the brood pouch from potential infection by pathogens. Lysozymes (Lyz) are a group of antibacterial enzymes of the innate immune system that play an important role in resisting pathogen invasion.

A Preparation Method of Nano-Pesticide Improves the Selective Toxicity toward Natural Enemies.

Various nano-delivery systems have been designed to deliver synthetic/botanical pesticides for improved bioactivity. However, the enhanced toxicity of nanocarrier-loaded pesticides may injure the natural enemies, and their selective toxicity should be evaluated before the large-scale application. In this context, a star polymer (SPc)-based cyantraniliprole (CNAP) nano-delivery system was constructed, and its selective toxicity was evaluated using pest (WFT) and predator .

Modified Gexiazhuyu decoction alleviates chronic salpingitis p38 signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate pharmacodynamic effects of modified Gexiazhuyu decoction (MGXZYD) and explore the underlying mechanism in the treatment of chronic salpingitis METHODS: Chronic salpingitis model rats were firstly constructed and the blood was collected to detect the whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity. Rat oviduct were collected to evaluate the macroscopic damage and the pathological injury and fibrosis of oviduct by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining. Elisa assay was to detect the production interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) in serum and collagen I (COL-1), matrix metalloprotein 9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) in oviduct tissue.

Biotoxicity Evaluation of a Cationic Star Polymer on a Predatory Ladybird and Cooperative Pest Control by Polymer-Delivered Pesticides and Ladybird.

Although employing nanocarriers for gene/drug delivery shows great potential in agricultural fields, the biotoxicity of nanocarriers is a major concern for large-scale applications. Herein, we synthesized a cationic star polymer (SPc) as a pesticide nanocarrier/adjuvant to evaluate its safety against a widely used predatory ladybird (). The application of SPc at extremely high concentrations nearly did not influence the hatching of ladybird eggs but it led to the death of ladybird larvae at lethal concentration 50 (LC) values of 43.

Biosynthesis of 3'-O-methylisoorientin from luteolin by selecting O-methylation/C-glycosylation motif.

Glycosylation and methylation of flavonoids are the main types of structural modifications and can endow flavonoids with greater stability, bioactivity, and bioavailability. In this study, five types of O-methyltransferases were screened for producing O-methylated luteolin, and the biosynthesis strategy of 3'-O-methylisoorientin from luteolin was determined. To improve the production of 3'-O-methylluteolin, the S-adenosyl-l-methionine synthesis pathway was reconstructed in the recombinant strain by introducing S-adenosyl-l-methionine synthetase genes.

Development and validity of a hazard prediction test for Chinese drivers.

Background: Hazard perception ability, which develops with driving experience, has been proven to be associated with drivers' traffic involvement. Although classic reaction time-based hazard perception tests have been developed in many developed counties, experience-related differences may not be found in drivers from developing countries due to their increased opportunities to experience hazards on roads. Therefore, the present study aims to develop a hazard prediction test for Chinese drivers based on a predictive paradigm called "What happens next?" and assess its reliability and validity.

Formononetin ameliorates oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy via the KEAP1-NRF2-GSTP1 axis.

Management of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) has proven challenging owing to the concern that any OIPN-preventing agents may also decrease the efficacy of the chemotherapeutic agent and fail to reverse established neuronal damage. Nevertheless, targeting redox signaling pathways constitutes a promising therapy in OIPN and we have previously demonstrated the protective role of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (NRF2) in this disorder. Here, we investigated the protective properties of formononetin (FN), a clinical preparation extract, in OIPN.

Enhancing UDP-Rhamnose Supply for Rhamnosylation of Flavonoids in by Regulating the Modular Pathway and Improving NADPH Availability.

UDP-rhamnose is the main type of sugar donor and endows flavonoids with special activity, selectivity, and pharmacological properties by glycosylation. In this study, several UDP-glucose synthesis pathways and UDP-rhamnose synthases were screened to develop an efficient UDP-rhamnose biosynthesis pathway in . Maximal UDP-rhamnose production reached 82.

Clinical characteristics of chronic hepatitis B cured by peginterferon in combination with nucleotide analogs.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) cured by antiviral therapy.

Methods: Forty-two patients with CHB were enrolled. All patients had been treated with peginterferon (Peg-IFN) in combination with nucleoside analogue (NA) therapy for variable amounts of time, and all had been successfully cured of the disease.

Effects of CDK6 regulated by miR-298 on proliferation and apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells.

Effects of CDK6 regulated by miR-298 on proliferation and apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells were explored. Seventy-five cases of thyroid carcinoma and adjacent tissues were collected. The expression levels of miR-298 and CDK6 mRNA in tissues and cells were detected by RT-PCR.

The combination therapy of Peginterferonα and entecavir for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B with high HCC risk.

The population of HBV infection with family history of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the high risk group for the development of HCC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the de novo combination therapy including pegylated-interferon α-2a (PEG-IFNα-2a) and entecavir (ETV) in this high risk population. The study recruited 58 Hepatitis B e Antigen (HBeAg)-Positive CHB patients patients with HBV-DNA > 10 IU/mL, genotype B or C and HCC family history and were treated for 48 weeks.

Synthesis of Isorhamnetin-3--Rhamnoside by a Three-Enzyme (Rhamnosyltransferase, Glycine Max Sucrose Synthase, UDP-Rhamnose Synthase) Cascade Using a UDP-Rhamnose Regeneration System.

Isorhamnetin-3--rhamnoside was synthesized by a highly efficient three-enzyme (rhamnosyltransferase, glycine max sucrose synthase and uridine diphosphate (UDP)-rhamnose synthase) cascade using a UDP-rhamnose regeneration system. The rhamnosyltransferase gene (78D1) from was cloned, expressed, and characterized in . The optimal activity was at pH 7.

Production of isoorientin and isovitexin from luteolin and apigenin using coupled catalysis of glycosyltransferase and sucrose synthase.

Isoorientin and isovitexin, kinds of flavone C-glycosides, exhibit a number of biological properties. In this work, The C-glucosyltransferase (Gt6CGT) gene from Gentiana triflora was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The optimal activity of Gt6CGT was at pH 7.

The effect of thymopentin add-on in hepatitis B e antigen positive chronic hepatitis B after virus suppression by peginterferon plus entecavir therapy.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) was positively correlated with serological hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. We evaluated whether Thymopentin (TP5) and interferon (IFN-a) had a synergic effect on HBV cccDNA and the effect of TP5 addition therapy on HBsAg clearance in CHB patients. Real-time PCR experiments were performed to test cccDNA in HepG2.

Plant flavonoid taxifolin inhibits the growth, migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of the natural plant flavonoid, taxifolin, on human osteosarcoma cancer cells. Taxifolin was demonstrated to exhibit anti‑cancer effects on U2OS and Saos‑2 osteosarcoma cell lines. Treatment of cells with taxifolin inhibited proliferation and diminished colony formation in soft agar in a dose‑dependent manner.

Characterization of microRNAs in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) fin cells upon red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus infection.

Nervous necrosis virus (NNV), one of the most prevalent fish pathogens, has caused fatal disease of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) in many marine and freshwater fishes, and resulted in heavy economic losses in aquaculture industry worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of NNV remain elusive. In this study, the expression profiles of microRNA (miRNA) were investigated in grouper fin (GF-1) cells infected with red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) via deep sequencing technique.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the yellow-banded sweetlips Plectorhinchus lineatus (Perciformes: Haemulidae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of yellow-banded sweetlips Plectorhinchus lineatus was determined in this study. The genome was 16,548 bp in length and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and one non-coding control region. The overall base composition was estimated to be A, 28.

[Study on synergistic effect of bactericidal effect of chlorine dioxide solution by surfactant].

Objective: To study the effect of gemini fluorocarbon, sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate on the chlorine dioxide solution sterilization to object surface.

Methods: Pure chlorine dioxide solution as the reference disinfectant, carrier quantitative bactericidal test and simulated test on-site were used to carry out laboratory observation according to The disinfection technical specifications (2002).

Results: Carrier quantitative bactericidal test showed that the addition dosage of gemini fluoronates, sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant and perfluorinated the nonene oxy benzene sulfonate in disinfectant solution were 60, 60 and 40 mg/L respectively, the killing log value of Staphylococcus aureus exposed to the disinfectant solution containing chlorine dioxide 50 mg/L for 10 mm were all more than 3; and the addition dosage of gemini fluorinates, sodium dodecyl sulfate and perfluorinated the nonene oxy benzene sulfonate in disinfectant solution were 60 mg/L, the killing log value of Escherichia coli exposed to the disinfectant solution containing chlorine dixoxide 20 mg/L for 10 min were all more than 3.

A reconstituted "two into one" thermosensitive hydrogel system assembled by drug-loaded amphiphilic copolymer nanoparticles for the local delivery of paclitaxel.

Combination delivery systems composed of injectable hydrogels and drug-incorporated micelles or nanoparticles with tunable and convenient properties for clinical operation and storage are urgently demanded in regional cancer chemotherapy to prolong and control drug release, enhance antitumor efficiency and decrease side effects. Previously, we developed a novel thermosensitive amphiphilic triblock copolymer, poly(ε-caprolactone-co-1,4,8-trioxa[4.6]spiro-9-undecanone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone-co-1,4,8-trioxa[4.

NY-ESO-1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma: A potential new marker for early recurrence after surgery.

NY-ESO-1 belongs to the cancer testis antigens (CTA) family, and is identified in a variety of tumors. Certain studies have demonstrated that NY-ESO-1 predicts tumor recurrence and treatment response. No reports are currently available regarding the correlation between NY-ESO-1 and the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following surgery.

Effect of ferric ion on nitrogen consumption, biomass and oil accumulation of a Scenedesmus rubescens-like microalga.

This investigation examined the effects of ferric ion source and concentration on the biomass yield, fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) productivity and composition from Scenedesmus rubescens-like microalga. The algae cultivated with Fe(2+)-SO(4)(2-)/EDTA had higher ash free dry biomass (AFDB) production and in vivo chlorophyll a concentration than those with Fe(2+)-SO(4)(2-) and Fe(3+)-Cl(-) (P<0.001).

Effects of inorganic carbon concentration on carbon formation, nitrate utilization, biomass and oil accumulation of Nannochloropsis oculata CS 179.

This investigation examined the effects of the inorganic carbon concentration (4, 0.8 and 0 g/L NaHCO(3)) on the carbon formation, nitrate utilization, growth and fatty acids compositions of Nannochloropsis oculata. The dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration in the three treatments decreased sharply during the first 6 days, and the percentage of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (% of total organic carbon (TOC)) decreased with the depletion of the DIC.