Background: Housing is a critical social determinant of health that can be addressed through hospital-supported community benefit programming.
Objectives: To explore the prevalence of hospital-based programs that address housing-related needs, categorize the specific actions taken to address housing, and determine organizational and community-level factors associated with investing in housing.
Research Design: This retrospective, cross-sectional study examined a nationally representative dataset of administrative documents from nonprofit hospitals that addressed social determinants of health in their federally mandated community benefit implementation plans.
Short and intense lower-band chorus wave packets are ubiquitous in the Earth's outer radiation belt. In this article, we perform various Vlasov hybrid simulations, with one or two triggering waves, to study the generation of short chorus packets/subpackets inside long rising tone elements. We show that the length of the generated short wave packets is consistent with a criterion of resonance non-overlap for two independent superposed waves, and that these chorus packets have similar characteristics as in Van Allen Probes observations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTraumatic brain injury (TBI) remains the main cause of disability and a major public health problem worldwide. This review focuses on the neurophysiology of TBI, and the rationale and current state of evidence of clinical application of brain stimulation to promote TBI recovery, particularly on consciousness, cognitive function, motor impairments, and psychiatric conditions. We discuss the mechanisms of different brain stimulation techniques including major noninvasive and invasive stimulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Coordination between breathing and swallowing helps prevent aspiration of foreign material into the respiratory tract. The authors examined the effects of anesthesia and hypercapnia on swallowing-breathing coordination.
Methods: In a randomized controlled crossover study, general anesthesia with propofol or sevoflurane was titrated using an up-down method to identify the threshold for suppression of the motor response to electrical stimulation of the forearm.
Background: Excessive intravenous fluid prescription may play a causal role in postoperative complications following major gastrointestinal resectional surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate whether fluid and salt restriction would decrease postoperative complications compared with a more modern controlled liberal regimen.
Methods: In this observer-blinded single-site randomized clinical trial consecutive patients undergoing major gastrointestinal resectional surgery were randomized to receive either a liberal control fluid regimen or a restricted fluid and salt regimen.
This paper uses modal analysis to investigate the effect of manipulating drumhead tension on the modal frequency ratios of a cylindrical drum with two drumheads. This analysis evaluates a drum's free vibration after excitation. It is shown that the frequency of the (01) mode of the drum is the same on both heads, whereas the frequency of each (11) mode has a decreased dependence on that of the opposite drumhead.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Vascular surgical specialisation is associated with improved outcomes. We aimed to assess the effect of anaesthetic specialisation on outcome following major vascular surgery.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
A wide variety of commercial products can be potentially made from monomeric sugars produced by the dilute acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. However, this process is accompanied by side products such as furfural that hinder microbial growth and fermentation. To investigate the mechanism of furfural inhibition, mRNA microarrays of an ethanologenic strain of Escherichia coli (LY180) were compared immediately prior to and 15 min after a moderate furfural challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study critically evaluated the prognostic determinants for disease-free survival (DFS) after cryoablation for colorectal liver metastases. An observational cohort study of prospectively collected data on 135 patients who underwent cryoablation with or without resection for colorectal liver metastases was performed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the prognostic factors for overall DFS, cryosite DFS, remaining liver DFS, and extrahepatic DFS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn earlier work from our laboratory, we have described the use of the ring system and ring scaffold as descriptors. We showed that these descriptors could be used for fast compound clustering, novelty determination, compound acquisition, and combinatorial library design. Here we extend the concept to a whole family of structural descriptors with the ring system as the centerpiece.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Involutional entropion, or infolding of the margin of the eyelid, is a common eyelid malposition affecting the elderly that can lead to significant morbidity when not corrected. It is notable for both functional and cosmetic sequelae. Numerous surgical techniques have been described to correct this defect; however, because of its multifactorial pathophysiology, no single procedure has been entirely satisfactory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFD-optimal design and Projection to Latent Structures (PLS) analysis were used to optimize screening hit 5 (B. subtilis AcpS IC(50): 15 microM, B. subtilis MIC: >200 microM) into a series of 4H-oxazol-5-one, small molecule, antibacterial, AcpS inhibitors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMost current methods for the design of pharmaceutical screening libraries centre around compound diversity. We present arguments for a different approach, involving a fixed number of analogs around a set of medicinally relevant scaffolds. Most current approaches to screening library design emphasize wide coverage of chemical space at the expense of poor local representation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe have isolated cosmids that complement a Pseudomonas aeruginosa export-impaired mutant by increasing growth on lipid agar, a medium that requires lipase expression and export. These cosmids encode a previously unidentified lipase, LipC, which has high homology to the P. aeruginosa lipA gene product.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends Cell Biol
October 1999
Protein export by Gram-negative bacteria requires devoted machineries to allow for the passage of hydrolytic enzymes and toxins through the cell envelope. The Type II export machinery has a number of distinct characteristics, which include its role as an extension of Sec-dependent secretion, its ability to recognize and export fully folded substrates efficiently and, perhaps most significantly, the relationship between a subset of its gene products with the Type IV pilus-biogenesis apparatus. An important question is whether we can extrapolate our knowledge, albeit limited, of Type IV pilus biogenesis to understand the structure and function of the Type II export apparatus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ultimate test of a Dacron (polyethylene terephthalate or PET) arterial prosthesis depends on its ability to retain sufficient strength and durability to function properly for the life of the patient. Because graft recipients appear to be living longer, primarily because of improved medical and surgical treatment of cardiovascular disease, strength and durability of arterial prostheses have become increasingly important. From the time of implantation, all PET prostheses are continuously subjected to the cyclic stresses of pulsatile blood flow with mechanical fatiguing of yarns, as well as chemical and physical alterations associated with biodegradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Plant Microbe Interact
November 1998
Many strains of Pseudomonas syringae produce retractile pili that act as receptors for lytic bacteriophage phi 6. As these are also characteristics of type IV pili, it was postulated that P. syringae may possess genes for type IV pilus biogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPseudomonas aeruginosa is a prolific exporter of virulence factors and contains three of the four protein secretion systems that have been described in gram-negative bacteria. The P. aeruginosa type II general secretory pathway (GSP) is used to export the largest number of proteins from this organism, including lipase, phospholipase C, alkaline phosphatase, exotoxin A, elastase and LasA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPseudomonas aeruginosa exports a number of hydrolytic enzymes and toxins using the type II or general secretion pathway, found in a variety of Gram-negative bacteria and requiring the functions of at least 12 gene products (XcpP-Z and PilD/XcpA in P. aeruginosa). A number of these gene products are homologues of components of the type IV pilus biogenesis system, including four proteins, XcpT-W, which are highly similar to the pilin subunit in their size, localization and post-translational modifications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOtolaryngol Head Neck Surg
December 1997
Intrinsic failure of a knitted Dacron aortic bifurcation graft 19 years after implantation is reported. Failure was due to inability of the dilated and deteriorated left graft limb to hold anastomotic sutures. Numerous transverse cracks and breaks were detected in the Dacron filaments, in addition to small holes throughout the fabric structure, and a severe reduction in the yarn's tensile strength.
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